scholarly journals The HtrA Protease of Campylobacter jejuni Is Required for Heat and Oxygen Tolerance and for Optimal Interaction with Human Epithelial Cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 3205-3212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lone Brøndsted ◽  
Marianne Thorup Andersen ◽  
Mary Parker ◽  
Kirsten Jørgensen ◽  
Hanne Ingmer
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Wild Type Strain ◽  
Cumene Hydroperoxide ◽  
Misfolded Protein ◽  
Oxygen Tolerance ◽  
Human Epithelial Cells ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Bacterial Gastroenteritis ◽  
Developed World

ABSTRACT Campylobacter jejuni is a predominant cause of food-borne bacterial gastroenteritis in the developed world. We have investigated the importance of a homologue of the periplasmic HtrA protease in C. jejuni stress tolerance. A C. jejuni htrA mutant was constructed and compared to the parental strain, and we found that growth of the mutant was severely impaired both at 44°C and in the presence of the tRNA analogue puromycin. Under both conditions, the level of misfolded protein is known to increase, and we propose that the heat-sensitive phenotype of the htrA mutant is caused by an accumulation of misfolded protein in the periplasm. Interestingly, we observed that the level of the molecular chaperones DnaK and ClpB was increased in the htrA mutant, suggesting that accumulation of nonnative proteins in the periplasm induces the expression of cytoplasmic chaperones. While lack of HtrA reduces the oxygen tolerance of C. jejuni, the htrA mutant was not sensitive to compounds that increase the formation of oxygen radicals, such as paraquat, cumene hydroperoxide, and H2O2. Using tissue cultures of human epithelial cells (INT407), we found that the htrA mutant adhered to and invaded human epithelial cells with a decreased frequency compared to the wild-type strain. This defect may be a consequence of the observed altered morphology of the htrA mutant. Thus, our results suggest that in C. jejuni, HtrA is important for growth during stressful conditions and has an impact on virulence.

scholarly journals Biofilm Formation by Campylobacter jejuni Is Increased under Aerobic Conditions

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 2122-2128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Reuter ◽  
Arthur Mallett ◽  
Bruce M. Pearson ◽  
Arnoud H. M. van Vliet
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Planktonic Cells ◽  
Aerobic Conditions ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Passive Release ◽  
Bacterial Gastroenteritis ◽  
Microaerobic Conditions ◽  
Developed World

ABSTRACT The microaerophilic human pathogen Campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of food-borne bacterial gastroenteritis in the developed world. During transmission through the food chain and the environment, the organism must survive stressful environmental conditions, particularly high oxygen levels. Biofilm formation has been suggested to play a role in the environmental survival of this organism. In this work we show that C. jejuni NCTC 11168 biofilms developed more rapidly under environmental and food-chain-relevant aerobic conditions (20% O2) than under microaerobic conditions (5% O2, 10% CO2), although final levels of biofilms were comparable after 3 days. Staining of biofilms with Congo red gave results similar to those obtained with the commonly used crystal violet staining. The level of biofilm formation by nonmotile aflagellate strains was lower than that observed for the motile flagellated strain but nonetheless increased under aerobic conditions, suggesting the presence of flagellum-dependent and flagellum-independent mechanisms of biofilm formation in C. jejuni. Moreover, preformed biofilms shed high numbers of viable C. jejuni cells into the culture supernatant independently of the oxygen concentration, suggesting a continuous passive release of cells into the medium rather than a condition-specific active mechanism of dispersal. We conclude that under aerobic or stressful conditions, C. jejuni adapts to a biofilm lifestyle, allowing survival under detrimental conditions, and that such a biofilm can function as a reservoir of viable planktonic cells. The increased level of biofilm formation under aerobic conditions is likely to be an adaptation contributing to the zoonotic lifestyle of C. jejuni.

scholarly journals Campylobacter jejuni persistently colonizes gnotobiotic altered Schaedler flora C3H/HeN mice and induces mild colitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 367 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan Wymore Brand ◽  
Orhan Sahin ◽  
Jesse M Hostetter ◽  
Julian Trachsel ◽  
Qijing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Proximal Colon ◽  
Rodent Model ◽  
Mucosal Inflammation ◽  
Colonization Resistance ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Bacterial Gastroenteritis

ABSTRACT Campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of food-borne human bacterial gastroenteritis but animal models for C. jejuni mediated disease remain limited because C. jejuni poorly colonizes immunocompetent, conventionally-reared (Conv-R) mice. Thus, a reliable rodent model (i.e. persistent colonization) is desirable in order to evaluate C. jejuni-mediated gastrointestinal disease and mechanisms of pathogenicity. As the nature and complexity of the microbiota likely impacts colonization resistance for C. jejuni, Conv-R and gnotobiotic C3H/HeN mice were used to evaluate the persistence of C. jejuni colonization and development of disease. A total of four C. jejuni isolates readily and persistently colonized ASF mice and induced mild mucosal inflammation in the proximal colon, but C. jejuni did not stably colonize nor induce lesions in Conv-R mice. This suggests that the pathogenesis of C. jejuni is influenced by the microbiota, and that ASF mice offer a reproducible model to study the influence of the microbiota on the ability of C. jejuni to colonize the gut and to mediate gastroenteritis.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of Campylobacter jejuni 11168H

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Macdonald ◽  
Ozan Gundogdu ◽  
Nick Dorrell ◽  
Brendan W. Wren ◽  
Damer Blake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Developed World

ABSTRACT Campylobacter jejuni is the most prevalent cause of food-borne gastroenteritis in the developed world. The reference and original sequenced strain C. jejuni NCTC11168 has low levels of motility compared to clinical isolates. Here, we describe the draft genome of the laboratory derived hypermotile variant named 11168H.

scholarly journals Campylobacter jejuni FlpA Binds Fibronectin and Is Required for Maximal Host Cell Adherence

2009 ◽  
Vol 192 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Konkel ◽  
Charles L. Larson ◽  
Rebecca C. Flanagan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Wild Type Strain ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Type I ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Type Iii

ABSTRACT Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most frequent bacterial causes of food-borne gastrointestinal disease in developed countries. Previous work indicates that the binding of C. jejuni to human intestinal cells is crucial for host colonization and disease. Fibronectin (Fn), a major constituent of the extracellular matrix, is a ∼250-kDa glycoprotein present at regions of cell-to-cell contact in the intestinal epithelium. Fn is composed of three types of repeating units: type I (∼45 amino acids), type II (∼60 amino acids), and type III (∼90 amino acids). The deduced amino acid sequence of C. jejuni flpA (Cj1279c) contains at least three Fn type III domains. Based on the presence of the Fn type III domains, we hypothesized that FlpA contributes to the binding of C. jejuni to human INT 407 epithelial cells and Fn. We assessed the contribution of FlpA in C. jejuni binding to host cells by in vitro adherence assays with a C. jejuni wild-type strain and a C. jejuni flpA mutant and binding of purified FlpA protein to Fn by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Adherence assays revealed the binding of the C. jejuni flpA mutant to INT 407 epithelial cells was significantly reduced compared with that for a wild-type strain. In addition, rabbit polyclonal serum generated against FlpA blocked C. jejuni adherence to INT 407 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Binding of FlpA to Fn was found to be dose dependent and saturable by ELISA, demonstrating the specificity of the interaction. Based on these data, we conclude that FlpA mediates C. jejuni attachment to host epithelial cells via Fn binding.

The Campylobacter jejuni general glycosylation system is important for attachment to human epithelial cells and in the colonization of chicks

Microbiology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 150 (6) ◽  
pp. 1957-1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Karlyshev ◽  
P. Everest ◽  
D. Linton ◽  
S. Cawthraw ◽  
D. G. Newell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
High Similarity ◽  
Human Epithelial Cells

It has recently been shown that the enteropathogen Campylobacter jejuni has an N-linked general protein glycosylation pathway (Pgl) that modifies many of the organism's proteins. To determine the role of the N-linked general glycosylation in C jejuni, the authors studied the pglH gene, which shows high similarity to a family of sugar transferases. pglH mutants were constructed in strains 81116 and 11168H. Both mutants were shown to be deficient in their ability to glycosylate a number of C. jejuni proteins, but their lipooligosaccharide and capsule were unaffected. The pglH mutants had significantly reduced ability to adhere to and invade human epithelial Caco-2 cells. Additionally, the 81116 pglH mutant was severely affected in its ability to colonize chicks. These results suggest that glycosylation is important for the attachment of C. jejuni to human and chicken host cells and imply a role for glycoproteins in the pathogenesis of C. jejuni.

scholarly journals Campylobacter jejuni survival within human epithelial cells is enhanced by the secreted protein CiaI

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 1296-1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daelynn R. Buelow ◽  
Jeffrey E. Christensen ◽  
Jason M. Neal-McKinney ◽  
Michael E. Konkel
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Secreted Protein ◽  
Human Epithelial Cells

scholarly journals A Deep-Rough Mutant of Campylobacter jejuni 81-176 Is Noninvasive for Intestinal Epithelial Cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 2452-2455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret I. Kanipes ◽  
Lindsay C. Holder ◽  
Adrian T. Corcoran ◽  
Anthony P. Moran ◽  
Patricia Guerry
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Wild Type Strain ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Rough Mutant

ABSTRACT A waaF mutant of Campylobacter jejuni 81-176 showed decreased invasion of INT407 cells in vitro and increased sensitivity to some antibiotics compared to what was seen with the wild-type strain.

scholarly journals Bridging the Gap: A Role for Campylobacter jejuni Biofilms

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Tram ◽  
Christopher J. Day ◽  
Victoria Korolik
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Food Preparation ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Human Host ◽  
Bacterial Gastroenteritis ◽  
Developed World

Campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in the developed world. Cases of Campylobacteriosis are common, as the organism is an avian commensal and is passed on to humans through contaminated poultry meat, water, and food preparation areas. Although typically a fastidious organism, C. jejuni can survive outside the avian intestinal tract until it is able to reach a human host. It has long been considered that biofilms play a key role in transmission of this pathogen. The aim of this review is to examine factors that trigger biofilm formation in C. jejuni. A range of environmental elements have been shown to initiate biofilm formation, which are then affected by a suite of intrinsic factors. We also aim to further investigate the role that biofilms may play in the life cycle of this organism.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Reverses Disruption of Gut Epithelial Barrier Function Caused by Campylobacter jejuni

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8872
Author(s):  
Fábia D. Lobo de Sá ◽  
Steffen Backert ◽  
Praveen K. Nattramilarasu ◽  
Soraya Mousavi ◽  
Geoffrey I. Sandle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Epithelial Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Epithelial Barrier Function ◽  
Bacterial Gastroenteritis ◽  
The Relationship

Infections by the zoonotic foodborne bacterium Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) are among the most frequent causes of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. The aim was to evaluate the relationship between epithelial barrier disruption, mucosal immune activation, and vitamin D (VD) treatment during C. jejuni infection, using intestinal epithelial cells and mouse models focused on the interaction of C. jejuni with the VD signaling pathway and VD treatment to improve C. jejuni-induced barrier dysfunction. Our RNA-Seq data from campylobacteriosis patients demonstrate inhibition of VD receptor (VDR) downstream targets, consistent with suppression of immune function. Barrier-preserving effects of VD addition were identified in C. jejuni-infected epithelial cells and IL-10−/− mice. Furthermore, interference of C. jejuni with the VDR pathway was shown via VDR/retinoid X receptor (RXR) interaction. Paracellular leakiness of infected epithelia correlated with tight junction (TJ) protein redistribution off the TJ domain and apoptosis induction. Supplementation with VD reversed barrier impairment and prevented inhibition of the VDR pathway, as shown by restoration of transepithelial electrical resistance and fluorescein (332 Da) permeability. We conclude that VD treatment restores gut epithelial barrier functionality and decreases bacterial transmigration and might, therefore, be a promising compound for C. jejuni treatment in humans and animals.

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