scholarly journals Evaluation ofSalmonella-VectoredCampylobacterPeptide Epitopes for Reduction ofCampylobacter jejuniin Broiler Chickens

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Layton ◽  
M. J. Morgan ◽  
K. Cole ◽  
Y. M. Kwon ◽  
D. J. Donoghue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Peptide Epitopes ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Linear Peptide ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Excellent Candidate ◽  
Bacterial Gastroenteritis

ABSTRACTCampylobacteris a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans and is often linked to contaminated poultry products. LiveSalmonellavectors expressing three linear peptide epitopes fromCampylobacterproteins Cj0113 (Omp18/CjaD), Cj0982c (CjaA), and Cj0420 (ACE393) were administered to chicks by oral gavage on the day of hatch, and the chicks were challenged withCampylobacter jejunion day 21. All three candidate vaccines produced consistent humoral immune responses with high levels of serum IgG and mucosal secretory IgA (sIgA), with the best response from the Cj0113 peptide-expressing vector.Campylobacterchallenge following vaccination of three candidate vaccine groups decreasedCampylobacterrecovery from the ileum compared to that for controls on day 32. The Cj0113 peptide-expressing vector reducedCampylobacterto below detectable levels. TheSalmonella-vectored Cj0113 subunit vaccine appears to be an excellent candidate for further evaluation as a tool for the reduction ofCampylobacterin poultry for improved food safety.

scholarly journals Phage display demonstrates durable differences in serological profile by route of inoculation in primary infections of non-human primates with Dengue Virus 1

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayant V. Rajan ◽  
Michael McCracken ◽  
Caleigh Mandel-Brehm ◽  
Greg Gromowski ◽  
Simon Pollett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Phage Display ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Phage Library ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Linear Peptide ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
High Resolution Map ◽  
Domain Iii ◽  
Inoculation Route

AbstractNatural dengue virus (DENV) infections occur by mosquito bite but how the inoculation route affects the humoral immune response is unknown. We serologically profiled 20 non-human primates (NHP) from a prior study of DENV1 infection where animals were inoculated by mosquito (N = 10) or subcutaneous injection (N = 10). Using a comprehensive, densely tiled and highly redundant pan-flavivirus programmable phage library containing 91,562 overlapping 62 amino acid peptides, we produced a high-resolution map of linear peptide sequences enriched during DENV seroconversion. Profiles in mosquito-inoculated and subcutaneously-inoculated animals were similar up to 90 days after primary infection, but diverged at 1 year with differences in sero-reactivity in the Envelope (E; residues 215–406; p < 0.08), and Nonstructural-3 (NS3; residues 549–615; p < 0.05) proteins in mosquito-inoculated versus subcutaneously-inoculated animals. Within the E protein, residues 339–384 in domain III accounted for > 99% of the observed sero-reactivity difference. Antibody breadth did not vary by mode of inoculation. The differential reactivity to E domain III seen by phage display validated orthogonally by ELISA, but did not correlate with late neutralization titers. Serological profiling of humoral immune responses to DENV infection in NHP by programmable phage display demonstrated durable differences in sero-reactivity by route of inoculation.

scholarly journals Cytokines, Antibodies, and Histopathological Profiles duringGiardiaInfection and Variant-Specific Surface Protein-Based Vaccination

2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. e00773-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianela C. Serradell ◽  
Pablo R. Gargantini ◽  
Alicia Saura ◽  
Sergio R. Oms ◽  
Lucía L. Rupil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Oral Vaccine ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Meriones Unguiculatus ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses

ABSTRACTGiardiasis is one of the most common human intestinal diseases worldwide. Several experimental animal models have been used to evaluateGiardiainfections, with gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) being the most valuable model due to their high susceptibility toGiardiainfection, abundant shedding of cysts, and pathophysiological alterations and signs of disease similar to those observed in humans. Here, we report cytokine and antibody profiles both during the course ofGiardiainfection in gerbils and after immunization with a novel oral vaccine comprising a mixture of purified variant-specific surface proteins (VSPs). Transcript levels of representative cytokines of different immune profiles as well as macro- and microtissue alterations were assessed in Peyer's patches, mesenteric lymph nodes, and spleens. During infection, cytokine responses showed a biphasic profile: an early induction of Th1 (gamma interferon [IFN-γ], interleukin-1β [IL-1β], IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor [TNF]), Th17 (IL-17), and Th2 (IL-4) cytokines, together with intestinal alterations typical of inflammation, followed by a shift toward a predominant Th2 (IL-5) response, likely associated with a counterregulatory mechanism. Conversely, immunization with an oral vaccine comprising the entire repertoire of VSPs specifically showed high levels of IL-17, IL-6, IL-4, and IL-5, without obvious signs of inflammation. Both immunized and infected animals developed local (intestinal secretory IgA [S-IgA]) and systemic (serum IgG) humoral immune responses against VSPs; however, only infected animals showed evident signs of giardiasis. This is the first comprehensive report of cytokine expression and anti-Giardiaantibody production during infection and VSP vaccination in gerbils, a reliable model of the human disease.

scholarly journals The effect of <i>Myrtus communis</i> oil extract on growth performance, serum biochemistry and humoral immune responses in broiler chicks fed diet containing aflatoxin B1

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 842-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Saei ◽  
A. A. Sadeghi ◽  
H. Ahmadvand
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Myrtus Communis ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Antibody Titers

Abstract. A study was conducted to investigate the capability of Myrtus communis essential oil (MCE) in counteracting the deleterious effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on growth performance, serum biochemistry and humoral immune responses in broiler chickens. In a completely randomized design, 300 day-old male chicks were assigned to four treatments with five replicates of 15 birds for 42 days. Chickens, up to day 7 of age, were fed the same diet and then, they were fed the experimental diets. The dietary treatments were 1) the negative control (no dietary aflatoxin or MCE), 2) the positive control (diet containing AFB1 at 0.5 mg/kg, without MCE), 3) diet containing AFB1 at 0.5 mg/kg plus 500 mg/kg MCE, and 4) basal diet containing 500 mg/kg MCE, without AFB1. Growth performance was measured from day 7 to 42. Serum biochemical parameters, organ weights on day 42 and the antibody titers against Newcastle and influenza viruses on day 28 of age were determined. Addition of aflatoxin to diet decreased (P<0.05) the weight gain and feed intake and MCE supplementation diminished (P<0.05) the inhibitory effects of AFB1 on the growth performance. Addition of AFB1 to diet of chicks increased the serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and decreased the antibody titers against Newcastle and influenza viruses. Addition of MCE to diet alleviated the negative effects of AFB1 on these parameters (P<0.05). In conclusion, our results showed that addition of MCE may reduce the adverse effects of AFB1 on broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Studies onEmblica officinalisDerived Tannins for Their Immunostimulatory and Protective Activities against Coccidiosis in Industrial Broiler Chickens

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qari Muhammad Kaleem ◽  
Masood Akhtar ◽  
Mian Muhammad Awais ◽  
Muhammad Saleem ◽  
Muddassar Zafar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Intestinal Lesion ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Daily Body Weight ◽  
And Control

The present study reports the effect ofEmblica officinalis(EO) derived tannins on humoral immune responses and their protective efficacy againstEimeriainfection in chickens. Tannins were extracted from EO and characterized by HPLC. EO derived tannins (EOT) and commercial tannins (CT) were orally administered in broiler chicks in graded doses for three consecutive days, that is, 5th-7th days of age. On day 14 after administration of tannins, humoral immune response was detected against sheep red blood cells (SRBCs) by haemagglutination assay. Protective efficacy of tannins was measured against coccidial infection, induced byEimeriaspecies. Results revealed higher geomean titers against SRBCs in chickens administered with EOT as compared to those administered with CT and control group. Mean oocysts per gram of droppings were significantly lower (P<0.05) in EOT administered chickens as compared to control group. Lesion scoring also showed the lowest caecal and intestinal lesion score of mild to moderate intensity in chickens administered with EOT. Further, significantly higher (P<0.05) daily body weight gains and antibody titers were detected in EOT administered chickens as compared to those of CT administered and control groups. EOT showed the immunostimulatory properties in broilers and their administration in chickens boost the protective immunity against coccidiosis.

scholarly journals Oral Vaccination with the Porcine Rotavirus VP4 Outer Capsid Protein Expressed byLactococcus lactisInduces Specific Antibody Production

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-jing Li ◽  
Guang-peng Ma ◽  
Gui-wei Li ◽  
Xin-yuan Qiao ◽  
Jun-wei Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Oral Vaccine ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Oral Immunization ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Specific Antibody Production ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Porcine Rotavirus

The objective of this study to design a delivery system resistant to the gastrointestinal environment for oral vaccine against porcine rotavirus.Lactococcus lactisNZ9000 was transformed with segments ofvP4of the porcine rotavirus inserted into the pNZ8112 surface-expression vector, and a recombinantL. lactisexpressing VP4 protein was constructed. An approximately 27 kDa VP4 protein was confirmed by SDS-PAGE , Western blot and immunostaining analysis. BALB/c mice were immunized orally with VP4-expression recombinantL. lactisand cellular, mucosal and systemic humoral immune responses were examined. Specific anti-VP4 secretory IgA and IgG were found in feces, ophthalmic and vaginal washes and in serum. The induced antibodies demonstrated neutralizing effects on porcine rotavirus infection on MA104 cells. Our findings suggest that oral immunization with VP4-expressingL. lactisinduced both specific local and systemic humoral and cellular immune responses in mice.

scholarly journals Secretor status and humoral immune responses to Neisseria lactamica and Neisseria meningitidis

1992 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Zorgani ◽  
J. Stewart ◽  
C. C. Blackwell ◽  
R. A. Elton ◽  
D. M. Weir
Keyword(s):  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Neisseria Lactamica ◽  
Secretor Status ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Mucosal Surfaces ◽  
Secretory Igm

SUMMARYNon-secretors of ABO blood group antigens are over-represented among patients with meningococcal diseases. Lower levels of secretory IgA reported for non-secretors have been suggested to compromise mucosal defences. Total serum and salivary IgG, IgA and IgM and levels of these isotypes specific for Neisseria lactamica and five isolates of meningococci were determined by ELISA for 357 pupils and staff of a secondary school in which an outbreak of meningitis occurred. There were no differences in total or specific levels of serum IgG, IgA or IgM or salivary IgG or IgA of secretors compared with non-secretors. Non-secretors had significantly lower levels of salivary IgM (P=0·022) A similar pattern was observed for levels of IgM specific for N. lactamica and five meningococcal isolates. The significance of these results is discussed with reference to the role of secretory IgM in protection of mucosal surfaces in infants.

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