scholarly journals Hwp1 and Related Adhesins Contribute to both Mating and Biofilm Formation in Candida albicans

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1909-1913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iuliana V. Ene ◽  
Richard J. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Sexual Differentiation ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Filamentous Growth ◽  
Cell Wall Proteins ◽  
Related Cell

ABSTRACT Candida albicans Hwp1, Hwp2, and Rbt1 are related cell wall proteins expressed during the programs of sexual differentiation and filamentous growth. In this study, we compare strains lacking either single factors or a combination of these genes, and we demonstrate distinct but overlapping roles in mating and biofilm formation.

scholarly journals Slipped strand mispairing in the gene encoding sialidase NanH3 in Gardnerella spp

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakya P. Kurukulasuriya ◽  
Mo H. Patterson ◽  
Janet E. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Phase Variation ◽  
Cell Wall Proteins ◽  
Vaginal Microbiome ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Sialidase Activity ◽  
Mucosal Surfaces

AbstractCell wall proteins with sialidase activity are involved in carbohydrate assimilation, adhesion to mucosal surfaces, and biofilm formation. Gardnerella spp. inhabit the human vaginal microbiome and encode up to three sialidase enzymes, two of which are suspected to be cell wall associated. Here we demonstrate that the gene encoding extracellular sialidase NanH3 is found almost exclusively in G. piotii and closely related Gardnerella genome sp. 3, and its presence correlates with sialidase positive phenotype in a collection of 112 Gardnerella isolates. The nanH3 gene sequence includes a homopolymeric repeat of cytosines that varies in length within cell populations, indicating that this gene is subject to slipped-strand mispairing, a mechanisms of phase variation in bacteria. Variation in the length of the homopolymer sequence results in encoding of either the full length sialidase protein or truncated peptides lacking the sialidase domain due to introduction of reading-frame shifts and premature stop codons. Phase variation in NanH3 may be involved in immune evasion or modulation of adhesion to host epithelial cells, and formation of biofilms characteristic of the vaginal dysbiosis known as bacterial vaginosis.

scholarly journals Candida albicans Sun41p, a Putative Glycosidase, Is Involved in Morphogenesis, Cell Wall Biogenesis, and Biofilm Formation

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 2056-2065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekkehard Hiller ◽  
Sonja Heine ◽  
Herwig Brunner ◽  
Steffen Rupp
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Cell Monolayer ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Calcofluor White ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Cell Wall Biogenesis ◽  
Reduced Adherence ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

ABSTRACT The SUN gene family has been defined in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and comprises a fungus-specific family of proteins which show high similarity in their C-terminal domains. Genes of this family are involved in different cellular processes, like DNA replication, aging, mitochondrial biogenesis, and cytokinesis. In Candida albicans the SUN family comprises two genes, SUN41 and SIM1. We demonstrate that C. albicans mutants lacking SUN41 show similar defects as found for S. cerevisiae, including defects in cytokinesis. In addition, the SUN41 mutant showed a higher sensitivity towards the cell wall-disturbing agent Congo red, whereas no difference was observed in the presence of calcofluor white. Compared to the wild type, SUN41 deletion strains exhibited a defect in biofilm formation, a reduced adherence on a Caco-2 cell monolayer, and were unable to form hyphae on solid medium under the conditions tested. Interestingly, Sun41p was found to be secreted in the medium of cells growing as blastospores as well as those forming hyphae. Our results support a function of SUN41p as a glycosidase involved in cytokinesis, cell wall biogenesis, adhesion to host tissue, and biofilm formation, indicating an important role in the host-pathogen interaction.

scholarly journals Critical role for CaFEN1 and CaFEN12 of Candida albicans in cell wall integrity and biofilm formation

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Alfatah ◽  
Vinay K. Bari ◽  
Anubhav S. Nahar ◽  
Swati Bijlani ◽  
K. Ganesan
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cell Wall Integrity

scholarly journals Kinetic and thermodynamic characterization of the interactions between the components of human plasma kinin-forming system and isolated and purified cell wall proteins of Candida albicans

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 825-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Seweryn ◽  
Justyna Karkowska-Kuleta ◽  
Natalia Wolak ◽  
Oliwia Bochenska ◽  
Sylwia Kedracka-Krok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Cell Wall Proteins ◽  
Thermodynamic Characterization ◽  
Plasma Kinin

Reaggregation and binding of cell wall proteins from Candida albicans to structural polysaccharides

1998 ◽  
Vol 149 (5) ◽  
pp. 327-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Aguado ◽  
J Ruíz-Herrera ◽  
M Iranzo ◽  
R Sentandreu ◽  
S Mormeneo
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Cell Wall Proteins

scholarly journals Glycosylation of Candida albicans Cell Wall Proteins Is Critical for Induction of Innate Immune Responses and Apoptosis of Epithelial Cells

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e50518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanette Wagener ◽  
Günther Weindl ◽  
Piet W. J. de Groot ◽  
Albert D. de Boer ◽  
Susanne Kaesler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Cell Wall Proteins ◽  
Innate Immune Responses

scholarly journals Effect of β-1,6-Glucan Inhibitors on the Invasion Process of Candida albicans: Potential Mechanism of Their In Vivo Efficacy

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 3963-3971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Kitamura ◽  
Saito Higuchi ◽  
Masato Hata ◽  
Katsuhiro Kawakami ◽  
Kumi Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Cell Wall Proteins ◽  
Invasion Process ◽  
In Vivo Efficacy

ABSTRACT β-1,6-Glucan is a fungus-specific cell wall component that is essential for the retention of many cell wall proteins. We recently reported the discovery of a small molecule inhibitor of β-1,6-glucan biosynthesis in yeasts. In the course of our study of its derivatives, we found a unique feature in their antifungal profile. D21-6076, one of these compounds, exhibited potent in vitro and in vivo antifungal activities against Candida glabrata. Interestingly, although it only weakly reduced the growth of Candida albicans in conventional media, it significantly prolonged the survival of mice infected by the pathogen. Biochemical evaluation of D21-6076 indicated that it inhibited β-1,6-glucan synthesis of C. albicans, leading the cell wall proteins, which play a critical role in its virulence, to be released from the cell. Correspondingly, adhesion of C. albicans cells to mammalian cells and their hyphal elongation were strongly reduced by the drug treatment. The results of the experiment using an in vitro model of vaginal candidiasis showed that D21-6076 strongly inhibited the invasion process of C. albicans without a significant reduction in its growth in the medium. These evidences suggested that D21-6076 probably exhibited in vivo efficacy against C. albicans by inhibiting its invasion process.

scholarly journals Conserved Serine/Threonine Kinase Encoded by CBK1 Regulates Expression of Several Hypha-Associated Transcripts and Genes Encoding Cell Wall Proteins in Candida albicans

2002 ◽  
Vol 184 (7) ◽  
pp. 2058-2061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark D. McNemar ◽  
William A. Fonzi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Cell Wall Proteins ◽  
Serine Threonine Kinase ◽  
General Role ◽  
Threonine Kinase ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen

ABSTRACT The opportunistic fungal pathogen, Candida albicans, is reported to have several potential virulence factors. A potentially significant factor is the ability to undergo morphological transition from yeast to hypha. This alteration of form is accompanied by many changes within the cell, including alterations in gene expression and cell wall composition. We have isolated a gene that encodes a highly conserved serine/threonine kinase that appears to be involved in the regulation of proteins associated with the cell wall. We have assigned the designation CBK1 (cell wall biosynthesis kinase 1) to this gene. Mutants lacking CBK1 form large aggregates of round cells under all growth conditions and lack the ability to undergo morphological differentiation. Additionally, these mutants show an altered pattern of expression of several transcripts encoding proteins associated with the cell wall. The results suggest that the kinase encoded by CBK1 plays a general role in the maintenance and alteration of the cell wall of C. albicans in all morphologies.

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