scholarly journals Two Atypical Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Induce the Production of Secreted and Membrane-Bound Mucins To Benefit Their Own Growth at the Apical Surface of Human Mucin-Secreting Intestinal HT29-MTX Cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 927-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mônica A. M. Vieira ◽  
Tânia A. T. Gomes ◽  
Antonio J. P. Ferreira ◽  
Terezinha Knöbl ◽  
Alain L. Servin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Typical Epec ◽  
Membrane Bound

ABSTRACT In rabbit ligated ileal loops, two atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (aEPEC) strains, 3991-1 and 0421-1, intimately associated with the cell membrane, forming the characteristic EPEC attachment and effacement lesion of the brush border, induced a mucous hypersecretion, whereas typical EPEC (tEPEC) strain E2348/69 did not. Using cultured human mucin-secreting intestinal HT29-MTX cells, we demonstrate that apically aEPEC infection is followed by increased production of secreted MUC2 and MUC5AC mucins and membrane-bound MUC3 and MUC4 mucins. The transcription of the MUC5AC and MUC4 genes was transiently upregulated after aEPEC infection. We provide evidence that the apically adhering aEPEC cells exploit the mucins' increased production since they grew in the presence of membrane-bound mucins, whereas tEPEC did not. The data described herein report a putative new virulence phenomenon in aEPEC.

scholarly journals Association of Atypical Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli with Diarrhea and Related Mortality in Kittens

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 2719-2735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria E. Watson ◽  
Megan E. Jacob ◽  
James R. Flowers ◽  
Sandra J. Strong ◽  
Chitrita DebRoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Experimental Animal Models ◽  
Atypical Epec ◽  
Gastrointestinal Pathology ◽  
Typical Epec ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Related Mortality

ABSTRACTDiarrhea is responsible for the death of approximately 900,000 children per year worldwide. In children, typical enteropathogenicEscherichia coli(EPEC) is a common cause of diarrhea and is associated with a higher hazard of death. Typical EPEC infection is rare in animals and poorly reproduced in experimental animal models. In contrast, atypical EPEC (aEPEC) infection is common in both children and animals, but its role in diarrhea is uncertain. Mortality in kittens is often attributed to diarrhea, and we previously identified enteroadherent EPEC in the intestines of deceased kittens. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and type of EPEC in kittens and whether infection was associated with diarrhea, diarrhea-related mortality, gastrointestinal pathology, or other risk factors. Kittens with and without diarrhea were obtained from two shelter facilities and determined to shed atypical EPEC at a culture-based prevalence of 18%. In contrast, quantitative PCR detected the presence of the gene for intimin (eae) in feces from 42% of kittens. aEPEC was isolated from kittens with and without diarrhea. However, kittens with diarrhea harbored significantly larger quantities of aEPEC than kittens without diarrhea. Kittens with aEPEC had a significantly greater severity of small intestinal and colonic lesions and were significantly more likely to have required subcutaneous fluid administration. These findings identify aEPEC to be prevalent in kittens and a significant primary or contributing cause of intestinal inflammation, diarrhea, dehydration, and associated mortality in kittens.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) adherence factor (EAF) plasmid reveals a new deletion within the EAF probe sequence among O119 typical EPEC strains

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalia B. Teixeira ◽  
Thais C. G. Rojas ◽  
Wanderley D. da Silveira ◽  
Cecília Matheus-Guimarães ◽  
Neusa P. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Probe Sequence ◽  
Typical Epec

scholarly journals Molecular and phenotypic typing of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated in childhood acute diarrhea in Abuja, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (07) ◽  
pp. 527-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casmir Ifeanyichukwu Cajetan Ifeanyi ◽  
Nkiruka Florence Ikeneche ◽  
Bassey Enya Bassey ◽  
Stefano Morabito ◽  
Caterina Graziani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Typical Epec ◽  
Marked Resistance

Introduction: Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) causes infectious diarrhea among children in developing countries. However, in Nigeria, due to limited laboratory resources, the genetic diversity of its virulence factors, which include intimin subtypes, remains undefined. Methodology: EPEC isolates from diarrheic children 60 months of age and younger in Abuja, Nigeria, were analyzed. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for EPEC virulence gene, Hep-2 cell adherence, and serotyping were performed. EPEC strains were further subtyped by PCR for the identification of intimin subtype genes α (alpha), β (beta), γ1 (gamma-1), and έ (epsilon). Antibiotic resistance and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production was determined by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Results: Overall, 18 (4.5%) out of 400 children with acute diarrhea had EPEC infection.  Typical EPEC (tEPEC) strains were detected in 14 (3.5%), whereas 4 (1.1%) were atypical EPEC (aEPEC). A total of 15 (83.3%) of the EPEC isolated belonged to β intimin subtype gene, while the remaining 3 EPEC isolates possessed the intimin έ subtype. No α and γ intimin subtypes were detected. Traditional EPEC serotypes O114:H14 were detected only in tEPEC strains. Marked resistance to β-lactam agents were observed but no ESBL-producing tEPEC or aEPEC was detected. Conclusions: This is the first report of intimin subtype genes in Abuja, Nigeria. EPEC isolates of diverse serotypes resistant to β-lactam antimicrobial agents were observed. These data will be useful in facilitating the characterization of intimin variants of EPEC and some Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) in humans and other animal species.

scholarly journals Afa, a Diffuse Adherence Fibrillar Adhesin Associated with Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli

2002 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 2681-2689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogéria Keller ◽  
Juana G. Ordoñez ◽  
Rosana R. de Oliveira ◽  
Luiz R. Trabulsi ◽  
Thomas J. Baldwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Chromosomal Region ◽  
Enzyme Electrophoresis ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Epec Strain ◽  
Infantile Diarrhea ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Multilocus Enzyme Electrophoresis ◽  
Typical Epec

ABSTRACT O55 is one of the most frequent enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) O serogroups implicated in infantile diarrhea in developing countries. Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis analysis showed that this serogroup includes two major electrophoretic types (ET), designated ET1 and ET5. ET1 corresponds to typical EPEC, whilst ET5 comprises strains with different combinations of virulence genes, including those for localized adherence (LA) and diffuse adherence (DA). Here we report that ET5 DA strains possess a DA adhesin, designated EPEC Afa. An 11.6-kb chromosomal region including the DA adhesin operon from one O55:H− ET5 EPEC strain was sequenced and found to encode a protein with 98% identity to AfaE-1, an adhesin associated with uropathogenic E. coli. Although described as an afimbrial adhesin, we show that both AfaE-1 and EPEC Afa possess fine fibrillar structures. This is the first characterization and demonstration of an Afa adhesin associated with EPEC.

scholarly journals Characterization of typical and atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) strains of the classical O55 serogroup by RAPD analysis

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennys M. Girão ◽  
Sílvia Y. Bando ◽  
Valéria Brígido de C. Girão ◽  
Carlos A. Moreira-Filho ◽  
Sérgio Eduardo L. Fracalanzza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Typical Epec ◽  
Rapd Method ◽  
Atypical Strains

The genetic diversity of 41 typical and atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) strains of the serogroup O55 was analyzed by using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method. All typical EPEC O55 strains were grouped in two clusters (A and C) and belonged to the serotype O55:H6, while cluster B included all atypical strains, which were of the serotype O55:H7. The three groups also included non-motile strains. RAPD may be a useful method for epidemiological studies on E. coli O55 infection.

scholarly journals Detection of eae, bfpA, espA Genes on Diarrhoeagenic Strains of Escherichia coli Isolates

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Sri Harti ◽  
Susi Iravati ◽  
Widya Asmara
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Dna Probes ◽  
Hybridization Technique ◽  
Secreted Protein ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Typical Epec ◽  
Dna Fragment

The Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is one of pathogenic strain of diarrheagenic E. coli group in children andinfant that occurs in developing countries. The significant virulence factors in pathogenic EPEC are eaeA (E. coli attachingeffacing), bfpA (bundle-forming pilus A) and espA (encoding secreted protein A) genes. The use of DNA probes to detect thevirulence genes in E. coli in Indonesia is not common yet. In this experiment the gene fragments of eae, bfpA, and espA were usedas probes to detect the EPEC among E. coli isolates from stool specimensin of diarrheic children attending Public Health Centersin Yogyakarta. The DNA samples were isolated from 49 diarrheagenic E. coli isolates. The DNA probes of eae, bfpA and espAwere obtained by amplification of DNA fragment of EPEC O126 using PCR technique. Furthermore, those probes were used toidentify the presence of those genes among E. coli isolates using hybridization technique. The results showed that 42 (85.7%)isolates were espA+, 25 isolates (51%) were eaeA+ (EPEC strains). Therefore among 25 isolates of EPEC, 20 isolates (80 %)among EPEC were bfpA+ (typical EPEC strains).Keywords : DNA probe, eae, bfpA, espA, EPEC.

scholarly journals Molecular detection of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in asymptomatic captive psittacines

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 922-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Becker Saidenberg ◽  
Rodrigo Hidalgo F. Teixeira ◽  
Neiva Maria R. Guedes ◽  
Mariangela da Costa Allgayer ◽  
Priscilla Anne Melville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Typical Epec ◽  
Conservation Of Endangered Species

Psittaciformes are one of the most endangered groups of birds, and several Brazilian species are classified between vulnerable and critically endangered. It is thus necessary to identify agents that cause infections in captive wild animals and to assess the risks posed thereof and to design interventions to minimize the possibility of disease outbreaks, leading to the conservation of endangered species. The purpose of this study was to identify enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) cloacal isolates from asymptomatic psittacines in captivity and evaluate the distribution of the EPEC pathotype. Cloacal swabs were obtained from 46 asymptomatic birds, and resulting isolates were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of the attaching and effacing gene (eae) and bundle-forming pilus structural gene (bfpA) of EPEC. Samples from several species were tested, and three samples were found to be positive for the eae and bfpA genes and characterized as typical EPEC. This is the first report of this pathotype in asymptomatic psittacines. Although certain E. coli strains are more pathogenic than others, various factors should be considered when determining the potential of E. coli isolates to cause disease in captive psittacines. Birds that are positive for the EPEC (typical) strain could be zoonotic sources of infection, and may have acquired these strains through contact with humans or domestic animals. These findings may also be valuable for the long-term management of endangered species ex situ as one EPEC sample was isolated from a Red-tailed Amazon (Amazona brasiliensis).

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation in children with Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) in Brazilian Amazon

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (08) ◽  
pp. 698-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Santos Rodrigues ◽  
Nucia Cristiane da Silva Lima ◽  
Roger Lafontaine Mesquita Taborda ◽  
Rosimar Pires Esquerdo ◽  
Antonieta Rodrigues Gama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Typical Epec

Introduction: Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli is an important causative agent of diarrhea in both developed and developing countries. Methodology: We assessed the antibiotic resistance profile and the ability of 71 Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) isolates from children in the age group 6 years, or younger, to form biofilm. These children were hospitalized in Cosme and Damião Children Hospital in Porto Velho, Western Brazilian Amazon, between 2010 and 2012, with clinical symptoms of acute gastroenteritis. Results: The highest frequency of atypical EPEC (aEPEC) isolates reached 83.1% (59/71). Most EPEC isolates presented Localized Adherence Like (LAL) pattern in HEp-2 cells (57.7% - 41/71). Biofilm production was observed in 33.8% (24/71) of EPEC isolates, and it means statistically significant association with shf gene (p = 0.0254). The highest antimicrobial resistance rates and a large number of multiresistant isolates 67.6% (48/71), regarded cefuroxime (CXM), ampicillin (AMP), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT) and tetracycline (TET), respectively, mainly in typical EPEC (tEPEC). Furthermore, 96% (68/71) of EPEC isolates in the present study were resistant to at least one antibiotic, whereas only 3 isolates were sensitive to all the tested drugs. Conclusion: Based on our findings, there was increased aEPEC identification. EPEC isolates showed high resistance rate; most strains showed multiresistance; thus, they work as warning about the continuous need of surveillance towards antimicrobial use. Besides, the ability of forming biofilm was evidenced by the EPEC isolates. This outcome is worrisome, since it is a natural resistance mechanism of bacteria.

Cellular responses to enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infection

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 469-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Knutton
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Cell Signalling ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Mucosal Surfaces ◽  
Attached Bacteria ◽  
Escherichia Coli Infection

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), first described in the 1940's and 1950's, remain an important cause of severe infantile diarrhoea in many parts of the developing world. EPEC do not produce enterotoxins and are not invasive; instead their virulence depends upon exploitation of host cell signalling pathways and the host cell cytoskeleton both as a means of colonizing mucosal surfaces of the small intestine and causing diarrhoea. Following initial mucosal attachment, EPEC secrete ‘signalling’ proteins and expresss a surface adhesin, intimin, to produce ‘attaching & effacing’ lesions in the enterocyte brush border membrane characterised by localised destruction of brush border microvilli, intimate bacterial adhesion and cytoskeletal reorganisation and accretion beneath attached bacteria. The pathophysiology of EPEC diarrhoea is also complex and probably results from a combination of epithelial cell responses including both electrolyte secretion and structural damage.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document