scholarly journals Typhlitis Caused by IntestinalSerpulina-Like Bacteria in Domestic Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus)

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 690-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mia Vanrobaeys ◽  
Peter De Herdt ◽  
Richard Ducatelle ◽  
Luc A. Devriese ◽  
Gerard Charlier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Cavia Porcellus ◽  
Serpulina Hyodysenteriae ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University

Between January 1992 and December 1996, Serpulina-like bacteria were demonstrated in intestinal tract lesions from 37 of 88 guinea pigs submitted to the University of Ghent in Ghent, Belgium, for necropsy because of disease and death from different unknown causes. All infected animals had a history of sudden death with minimal introductory clinical signs. Occasionally, they produced yellow, slimy feces or showed nervous signs, but the condition always had a fatal outcome within 24 h. When larger colonies of guinea pigs were involved, the disease spread very rapidly unless treatment with ronidazole was initiated. Lesions consisted of a catarrhal or hemorrhagic inflammation of the colon and cecum (typhlitis). Electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of large numbers ofSerpulina-like organisms adhering to the cecal mucosae of these animals. Attempts to isolate the agents failed. The organisms did not stain by an immunofluorescence technique for the detection ofSerpulina hyodysenteriae. The present data provide evidence that intestinal Serpulina-like organisms can be important as a cause of disease in guinea pigs.

Association of Genital Mycoplasmas with Exudative Vaginitis in a 10 Year Old: A Case of Misdiagnosis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-252
Author(s):  
K. B. Waites ◽  
M. B. Brown ◽  
S. Stagno ◽  
J. Schachter ◽  
S. Greenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
University Of Alabama ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Lower Genital Tract ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
Urology Clinic ◽  
Multiple Antibiotics

A 10-year-old girl with a 1-year history of lower genitourinary tract symptoms suggestive of bacterial infection but with numerous negative urine cultures was referred to the University of Alabama urology clinic after empirical treatment with multiple antibiotics failed to resolve her symptoms. An extensive urologic evaluation revealed no structural or physiologic abnormalities, but an exudative vaginitis was noted and large numbers of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis were isolated from the lower genital tract. Cultures for Chlamydia, viruses, and routine bacterial pathogens were negative. After initiation of tetracycline therapy, symptoms resolved and subsequent cultures for mycoplasmas were negative. In addition, a seroconversion was noted for M hominis but not for U urealyticum. Chlamydia serology was negative. It was later learned that the patient had been sexually molested just prior to the onset of symptoms. This case illustrates the necessity of early consideration of a mycoplasmal etiology in the patient with persistent genitourinary symptoms and no obvious bacterial pathogen, or in the patient whose condition is refractory to routine antibiotic therapy.

Measurement of tear production and establishment of reference values in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) using a modified Schirmer tear test

2019 ◽  
Vol 186 (10) ◽  
pp. 321-321
Author(s):  
Anna Linda Nogradi ◽  
Zsolt Szentgáli ◽  
Márton Battay ◽  
Iain Cope ◽  
János Gál ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Cavia Porcellus ◽  
Tear Production ◽  
Schirmer Tear Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

BackgroundPast studies have shown that 5-mm Schirmer tear tests (STTs) are difficult to interpret in guinea pigs. Modified 2.5-mm STT strips are more adequate for measuring the small volume of tear production in these animals. The aim of this study was to establish reference values for the modified 2.5-mm STT strips.MethodsModified STT measurements were performed in random order in both eyes of 50 guinea pig patients. The wetting of the strip was noted at 30 seconds and at 1 minute.ResultsThe mean±sd STT values for both eyes were 7.58±3.19 mm at 30 seconds and 10.42±3.92 mm at 60 seconds. The median was 8 mm at 30 seconds and 10 mm at 60 seconds for both eyes. Animals under one year of age had lower STT values. STT values at 30 and 60 seconds can both be used. Both eyes should be measured when possible.ConclusionThe authors recommend values above 8 mm at 30 seconds and 10 mm at 60 seconds to be considered normal when using a 2.5-mm STT strip. There are ambiguous areas at 5–8 mm and 6–10 mm. If in these ranges the results should be combined with clinical signs and judgement.

scholarly journals Urticaria pigmentosa-like skin disease in a domestic shorthair cat

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 205511691882119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara M Tomich ◽  
Jason B Pieper
Keyword(s):  
Urticaria Pigmentosa ◽  
Oral Dexamethasone ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Ciclosporin A ◽  
Cetirizine Hydrochloride ◽  
Uncommon Disease ◽  
Disease Pattern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
The University

Case summary A 14-month-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat presented with an 8 month history of severe pruritus, alopecia, papules and excoriations. Initial evaluation and treatment prior to referral included skin scrape, cytology, two strict food trials, dermatophyte culture, and bacterial culture and sensitivity, as well as antibiotic therapy, empiric treatment for mites, steroids and ciclosporin A (Atopica; Elanco). The cat was referred to the Dermatology and Otology Clinic at the University of Illinois Veterinary Teaching Hospital for further diagnostics and treatment. Skin scrapes were unremarkable. Cytology showed rare bacteria and moderate neutrophils. The cat was given an injection of triamcinolone acetonide, which was ineffective. Oclacitinib (Apoquel; Zoetis) was given for 4 weeks with no improvement. A skin biopsy was performed, and histopathology showed large numbers of well-differentiated monomorphic mast cells with fewer eosinophils that diffusely infiltrated the superficial dermis, supportive of urticaria pigmentosa. Oral dexamethasone and cetirizine hydrochloride were initiated, and the cat responded favorably. At the time of writing, the cat continues to do well on cetirizine hydrochloride with only intermittent tapering courses of dexamethasone. Relevance and novel information To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of urticaria pigmentosa in a domestic shorthair cat. This case also highlights the importance of biopsy after a thorough, systematic work-up in a cat with severe, intractable pruritus to reveal an uncommon disease pattern, as well as the efficacy of oral dexamethasone and cetirizine hydrochloride as a potential management option.

A contribution to the morphology and life history of Proteocephalus niloticus (Beddard, 1913) from Varanus niloticus (L.) in Ghana

Parasitology ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 53 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 201-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwendolen Rees
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Technical Staff ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
University Of Ghana ◽  
Zoology Department

1. A plerocercoid of ‘Acanthotaenia’ has been found in large numbers in ‘cysts’ in the pancreas of Rana occipitalis (Günther) in Ghana.2. ‘Cysts’ containing plerocercoids were fed to Varanus niloticus (L.). Adults of Proteocephalus niloticus (Beddard) were recovered from the intestine 3 weeks later.3. It is suggested that the life cycle involves three hosts, the first being a copepod.4. The morphology of the larva and adult is described.I wish to express my sincere gratitude to the authorities of the University of Ghana for inviting me to spend some time in the Zoology Department there. I am most grateful, also, to Professor R. D. Purchon for his kindly interest and for the facilities which he placed at my disposal. It is a pleasure to thank Dr J. D. Thomas and the technical staff for their assistance in the collection of material.

On the Life History of the Lungworm, Synthetocaulus abstrusus, hitherto confused with that of Ollulanus tricuspis in Cats

1926 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. M. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Posterior Extremity ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Enclosed Space

In 1865, Leuckart described from the stomach of the domestic cat, a minute bursate worm which he named Ollulanus tricuspis. His original description was somewhat scanty, but it was amplified in later years (1867–1876). As this work is scattered throughout many pages, the following is a brief resumé of Leuckart's theory.He was struck by the fact, that being viviparous in habit, it resembled Trichinella spiralis, but recognised that several fundamental differences existed between them. Ollulanus never produced more than three larvae at a time from relatively large eggs, about 60μ to 120μ long; whereas Trichinella produced numerous larvae with small eggs about 35μ long. He found what he believed were the free larvae of Ollulanus, which measured about 320μ long by 15μ wide, had a truncated oral extremity and a short tail which ended in a short S-shaped tip (Fig. 1, a). The oesophagus was between one third and one half of the total length of the intestine; several transparent vesicles could be seen at its clubshaped posterior extremity. Although there are seldom more than three embryos inside the female, larvae were usually, found in large numbers throughout the whole intestinal tract of the host, as well as encysted (in cysts ·15 to ·2 mm. in diameter) on various internal organs. The cyst wall had a connective tissue-like structure of such thickness that it might be three or four times the diameter of the enclosed space.

scholarly journals  Diagnosis of a Dicrocoelium dendriticum infection in New World Camelids: a case report

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 154-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Klein ◽  
H. Prosl ◽  
D. Thaller ◽  
M. Floeck
Keyword(s):  
Bile Ducts ◽  
New World ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Dicrocoelium Dendriticum ◽  
History Of ◽  
Liver Flukes ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time

Dicrocoelium dendriticum plays an important role in New World Camelids as infected animals may suffer from severe clinical symptoms even leading to death of the animals. Intra vitam diagnosis may be difficult as clinical signs are atypical and Dicrocoelium eggs are shed only intermittently in faeces. The aim of this paper is to present four clinical cases of dicrocoeliosis in lamas as well as three asymptomatic infected animals to support the veterinarian in practice to diagnose infections. Furthermore, it is the first time that ultrasonographic examinations are described in this context. All seven lamas had been admitted to the Clinic for Ruminants at the University for Veterinary Medicine in Vienna. None of the animals had a history of D. dendriticum infection. The ultrasonographic examination of the liver revealed in all diseased animals as well as in two asymptomatic lamas hyperechoic areas representing calcified bile ducts typical for an infection with liver flukes. These findings together with blood examination of liver enzymes and parasitological examination may lead to the intra vitam diagnosis of dicrocoeliosis in lamas and alpacas. With an early diagnosis, the therapy of Dicrocoelium spp. could become more effective and the number of animals rescued may be increased.  

scholarly journals Physiological Features of Pennisetum Purpureum or Panicum Maximum Consumption in Guinea Pigs (Cavia Porcellus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-19
Author(s):  
Emile Miégoué ◽  
Fernand Tendonkeng ◽  
Nathalie Mweugang Ngouopo ◽  
Loïc Arnauld Mba Tene ◽  
Paulette Ntsafack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Cavia Porcellus ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Local Breed ◽  
The University ◽  
Better Than

Guinea pig diet is essentially based on the use of grasses associated with protein sources. Then, in to improve the herbivores nutrition, the evaluation of intake and In vivo digestibility of Pennisetum purpureum or Panicum maximum in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) was carried out in January 2017 at the University of Dschang research and experimental farm and animal production and nutrition laboratory. 20 adult animals of local breed on average weight 450 ± 50g and aged about 5 months were used. They were organized into two batches of 10 animals each (5 males and 5 females). The first batch received 250g of fresh matter of Pennisetum purpureum + 60g concentrate/animal/day, while the second received the same treatment with Panicum maximum as grasses. Leftover and animals were weighed every morning before food distributions, and drinking water containing vitamin C was served ad libitum. According to the results, the highest ingestion was obtained with Panicum maximum. However, the digestibility different nutrients was comparable between treatments; nevertheless, males fed on P. maximum digested crude cellulose (63.78%) better than males fed on P. purpureum (51.17%). With regard to the variation of the bacterial rate of the caecal flora, enterobacteria of animals fed P. maximum was high (11.20 CFU/ml) compared to those of the animals receiving P. purpureum (7.27 CFU/ml), although regardless of the treatment, the level of lactobacilli was higher than that of enterobacteria. In view of the results obtained, these grasses can be alternatively used in feeding guinea pigs.

Eosinophilic Colitis and Hepatitis in a Horse with Colonic Intramucosal Ciliated Protozoa

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. French ◽  
W. A. Meier ◽  
J. F. Zachary
Keyword(s):  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Granuloma Formation ◽  
Ciliated Protozoa ◽  
Histopathologic Examination ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Eosinophilic Colitis ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University

Tissues from a 9-year-old American Standardbred gelding with a history of anorexia, mild colic, and unexpected death were submitted to the Laboratories of Veterinary Diagnostic Medicine at the University of Illinois for histopathologic examination. Microscopic diagnoses were severe subacute, diffuse eosinophilic colitis with intralesional protozoa and a subacute to chronic eosinophilic portal hepatitis with granuloma formation. Two tissue-invading, ciliated protozoa were identified in large numbers within the colonic mucosa. The ciliates were Polymorphella ampulla and Cycloposthium sp., Phylum: Ciliophora. The eosinophilic colitis and portal hepatitis in association with the overpopulation and invasion by the ciliated protozoa suggests a causal etiology.

scholarly journals Ultrasonographic deteCTION of abdominal abScess in two guinea pigs

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Zorn ◽  
V. Molnár ◽  
F. Bíró ◽  
A. Beregi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Thick Wall ◽  
Cavia Porcellus ◽  
Abdominal Abscess ◽  
Pelvic Region

Two guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) with clinical signs of anorexia, weight loss, depression and abdominal enlargement were examined. During ultrasound examination, a fluid-filled anechogenic structure 3–4 cm in diameter, with echogenic spots and a highly echogenic thick wall, was found in the pelvic region in one case and connected to the liver in the other case. An abscess or a cyst was suspected and surgical treatment including laparotomy was performed. By histopathological examination performed after surgery, a liver abscess was diagnosed in one guinea pig and an abscess in the pelvic region in the other animal.

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