On the Life History of the Lungworm, Synthetocaulus abstrusus, hitherto confused with that of Ollulanus tricuspis in Cats

1926 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. M. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Posterior Extremity ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Enclosed Space

In 1865, Leuckart described from the stomach of the domestic cat, a minute bursate worm which he named Ollulanus tricuspis. His original description was somewhat scanty, but it was amplified in later years (1867–1876). As this work is scattered throughout many pages, the following is a brief resumé of Leuckart's theory.He was struck by the fact, that being viviparous in habit, it resembled Trichinella spiralis, but recognised that several fundamental differences existed between them. Ollulanus never produced more than three larvae at a time from relatively large eggs, about 60μ to 120μ long; whereas Trichinella produced numerous larvae with small eggs about 35μ long. He found what he believed were the free larvae of Ollulanus, which measured about 320μ long by 15μ wide, had a truncated oral extremity and a short tail which ended in a short S-shaped tip (Fig. 1, a). The oesophagus was between one third and one half of the total length of the intestine; several transparent vesicles could be seen at its clubshaped posterior extremity. Although there are seldom more than three embryos inside the female, larvae were usually, found in large numbers throughout the whole intestinal tract of the host, as well as encysted (in cysts ·15 to ·2 mm. in diameter) on various internal organs. The cyst wall had a connective tissue-like structure of such thickness that it might be three or four times the diameter of the enclosed space.

scholarly journals The biology of Limacina retroversa

1954 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Morton
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clione Limacina

The Plymouth Fauna List contains records of two genera of pteropods, Limacina and Clione. Of the first, Limacina retroversa (Flem.) is by far the better-known species, apparently occurring regularly at Plymouth in large numbers in townettings from outside, and sometimes inside, the Sound. It breeds at Plymouth from June to August, and Lebour (1932) has given a detailed account of its breeding and larval stages and has discussed its role in the plankton. The second species of Limacina at Plymouth is lesueuri (d'Orbigny), which has been observed from time to time since 1906, when it was very common. The last record in the Fauna is off the Breakwater in 1920. Of the gymnosomatous pteropods, Clione limacina Phipps is the only species regularly occurring. Lebour (1931) has described the life history of this form, and mentions February to August as its months of greatest abundance. Its breeding season is June to August. Another gymnosome, tentatively referred to as Clionina longicauda, is reported by Russell (1936), and from the specimen department at Plymouth Laboratory the writer obtained some preserved specimens, not easily identifiable, of a Pneumodermopsis taken locally; its species is perhaps ciliata, recorded by Massy (1917) from the Irish Coast.

A contribution to the morphology and life history of Proteocephalus niloticus (Beddard, 1913) from Varanus niloticus (L.) in Ghana

Parasitology ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 53 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 201-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwendolen Rees
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Technical Staff ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
University Of Ghana ◽  
Zoology Department

1. A plerocercoid of ‘Acanthotaenia’ has been found in large numbers in ‘cysts’ in the pancreas of Rana occipitalis (Günther) in Ghana.2. ‘Cysts’ containing plerocercoids were fed to Varanus niloticus (L.). Adults of Proteocephalus niloticus (Beddard) were recovered from the intestine 3 weeks later.3. It is suggested that the life cycle involves three hosts, the first being a copepod.4. The morphology of the larva and adult is described.I wish to express my sincere gratitude to the authorities of the University of Ghana for inviting me to spend some time in the Zoology Department there. I am most grateful, also, to Professor R. D. Purchon for his kindly interest and for the facilities which he placed at my disposal. It is a pleasure to thank Dr J. D. Thomas and the technical staff for their assistance in the collection of material.

scholarly journals Typhlitis Caused by IntestinalSerpulina-Like Bacteria in Domestic Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus)

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 690-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mia Vanrobaeys ◽  
Peter De Herdt ◽  
Richard Ducatelle ◽  
Luc A. Devriese ◽  
Gerard Charlier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Cavia Porcellus ◽  
Serpulina Hyodysenteriae ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University

Between January 1992 and December 1996, Serpulina-like bacteria were demonstrated in intestinal tract lesions from 37 of 88 guinea pigs submitted to the University of Ghent in Ghent, Belgium, for necropsy because of disease and death from different unknown causes. All infected animals had a history of sudden death with minimal introductory clinical signs. Occasionally, they produced yellow, slimy feces or showed nervous signs, but the condition always had a fatal outcome within 24 h. When larger colonies of guinea pigs were involved, the disease spread very rapidly unless treatment with ronidazole was initiated. Lesions consisted of a catarrhal or hemorrhagic inflammation of the colon and cecum (typhlitis). Electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of large numbers ofSerpulina-like organisms adhering to the cecal mucosae of these animals. Attempts to isolate the agents failed. The organisms did not stain by an immunofluorescence technique for the detection ofSerpulina hyodysenteriae. The present data provide evidence that intestinal Serpulina-like organisms can be important as a cause of disease in guinea pigs.

A Contribution to the Life-history of a Gnathostome

Parasitology ◽  
1925 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asa C. Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stomach Wall ◽  
Hollow Structures ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of

The family Gnathostomidae contains several genera and a fair number of species of nematodes of rather aberrant type and of uncertain affinities. As pointed out by Baylis and Lane (1920) in their excellent revision of the family, there is little doubt but that it should be included in the superfamily Spiruroidea. The subfamily Gnathostominae is characterised by the possession of a head bulb containing four closed membranous hollow structures, called ballonets by Baylis and Lane, connected posteriorly with four elongate sac-like structures designated cervical sacs. Three genera are recognised in this sub-family as follows: Tanqua, in which the head bulb is provided with transverse cuticular ridges, and Echinocephalus and Gnathostoma in which the head bulb is provided with rows of thorn-like spines. In Echinocephalus the body is smooth and destitute of cuticular spines, whereas in Gnathostoma all or a large part of the body has rows of cuticular spines on the posterior edges of the annulations. The first two genera are parasitic in the intestinal tract of cold-blooded vertebrates, whereas Gnathostoma apparently has its normal habitat in the stomach wall of mammals, as Baylis and Lane have pointed out.

Descriptions and Life History of Melanolophia imitata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)

1962 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 594-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Evans
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Forest Insects ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Migratory Movement ◽  
Pale Colour ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Evening

Melanolophia imitata (Walker) has been colloquially referred to as the green-striped forest looper, in reference to its appearance and habitat. The spring-flying adults and the consistently large numbers of larvae attract considerable attention annually. Although the moths evince little migratory movement, their comparatively large size and pale colour, in association with their quantity, combine to create the basis for occasional alarming reports of forest insects. It is not infrequent to hear of clouds of moths scattering about a forest traveller and viewed throughout the woods. Ordinarily the adults fly during late evening, and are less attracted to light than many moths.

scholarly journals THE CIGAR CASE-BEARER OF THE APPLE (COLEOPHORA FLETCHERELLA)

1896 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 128-130
Author(s):  
James Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Cornell University ◽  
Experiment Station ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Agricultural Experiment

In 1889 I received from the late William Brown, of Charlottetown, P. E. I., some larvæ of a small case-bearer, which he had found in large numbers upon his plum trees, and which also occurred in his pear and apple orchards. Since that time this insect has made itself well-known by its injuries in apple orchards in various localities in the Maritime Provinces, and in the Provinces of Quebec and Ontario. A beautifully illustrated and carefully prepared bulletin has been issued by Mr. M. V. Slingerland, of Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station, in which the life history of this most interesting but very serious enemy of the fruit grower is fully described. The above illustration, kindly lent by the editor of the Canadian Horticulturist, is copied from that bulletin.

Life history of Allocreadium fasciatusi Kakaji, 1969 (Trematoda: Allocreadiidae) from the freshwater fish Aplocheilus melastigma McClelland

1978 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Madhavi
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Long Tail ◽  
Mesocyclops Leuckarti ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Intermediate Host

ABSTRACTThe life history of Allocreadium fasciatusi which occurs in the intestine of a freshwater fish Aplocheilus melastigma has been worked out in detail. The snail Amnicola travancorica acts as the first intermediate host. The miracidium hatching out from the eggs attacks the snail and passes through two generations of rediae. Cercariae are of ophthalmoxiphidiocercous type with very long tail and are identical to Cercariae Indicae XLIX Sewell, 1922. The cercariae penetrate and develop into metacercariae in the haemecoel of the copepods Mesocyclops leuckarti, Microcyclops varicans and Marcocyclops distructus. Upon ingestion by the definitive host, the metacercariae excyst and develop into adults. All the stages in the life cycle are described and the life cycle is compared with other allocreadiid life cycles. The original description of A. fasciatusi is revised and Psilostomum chilkai Chatterji, 1956 from Lates calcalifer is synonymized with it.

NOTES ON THE LIFE-HISTORY OF THE FOUR-BANDED LEAF-ROLLER, EULIA QUADRIFASCIANA FERN. (LEPID.)

1927 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 149-152
Author(s):  
S. W. Frost
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Life History ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Leaf Roller ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

The four-banded leaf-roller, Eulia quadrifasciana Fern., is very closely related and similar in habits to the red-banded leaf-roller, Eulia velutinana Walk. It was described by Fernald (1882) as Lophoderus quadrifasciana but was later placed in the genus Eulia by Kearfott (1905). Fernald (1908) put Lophoderus Steph., in synonymy with Eulia Hubn. For at least eight years following the original description it seems to have attracted little attention. Sanderson (1904) recorded it for the first time as a pest of apple in Delaware. The same year Fletcher (1900) reported it somewhat abundant in Canada. Subsequently it has been recorded from Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Illinois and it is apparently common throughout north eastern United States. It has been found somewhat common in Pennsylvania by the writer (1922) who mentions it in connection with Eulia mariana Fern., as a pest of apple.

scholarly journals The Life History of Thysanoessa raschii

1928 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roderick Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Meganyctiphanes Norvegica

Thysanoessa raschii is a regular inhabitant of the Firth of Clyde. Adults are found throughout this area, generally in waters not less than 40 fms. deep. Those of large size, 23–25 mm., are apparently consistently found from year to year in Loch Striven in large numbers from October to January within 10 fms. from the bottom in waters of 40 fms. depth. Throughout the rest of the year they occur in small numbers in the tow-nets, and are seldom found at all during the summer months. On one occasion, however, February, 1926, several hundreds were fished in addition to large numbers of Meganyctiphanes norvegica at 40–60 fms. in the Cumbrae Deep.

Life History of Dasystoma salicellum Hbn. (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae), a New Pest of Blueberries in British Columbia

1966 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Raine
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Life History ◽  
European Species ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Compsilura Concinnata ◽  
Highbush Blueberries ◽  
Fraser Valley ◽  
New Pest

AbstractDasystoma salicellum Hbn., a European species first found in North America in 1955, has become a serious pest of commercial highbush blueberries in the lower Fraser Valley of British Columbia.The species is univoltine, photopositive and has a wide range of hosts. It feeds most often on Salix, Spiraea and Vaccinium. The moths emerge from mid-March to early April and lay eggs in the leaf axils and under bud scales and loose bark. The eggs hatch in late May. The larvae have six instars. The first instars are often dispersed by the wind. Later instars tie new leaves together for shelter, feed on leaves and blossom buds and sometimes enter the early fruit. At harvest the larvae are almost mature and large numbers are dislodged into the crates by picking machines. In September they sometimes defoliate the bushes. In October they pupate within their leaf shelters and drop to the ground with the leaves to overwinter.Some pupae are destroyed by mould; others are parasitized by Itoplectis quadricingulata (Prov.) and Compsilura concinnata (Mg.). The larvae are parasitized by Macrocentrus iridescens French, and the adults by Tomosvaryella species.

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