scholarly journals Intrafamilial Transmission and Family-Specific Spectra of Cutaneous Betapapillomaviruses

2008 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 811-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Weissenborn ◽  
M. N. C. De Koning ◽  
U. Wieland ◽  
W. G. V. Quint ◽  
H. J. Pfister
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
General Population ◽  
Persistent Infection ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Type Spectrum ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Cutaneous human betapapillomaviruses (beta-HPVs) are widespread in the general population and have been associated with skin cancer. To evaluate the impact of continuous person-to-person contact within families on an individual's beta-HPV type spectrum, we collected serial skin swab samples from parents and children from 10 families. All participants were found to be beta-HPV DNA positive, with 1 to 13 types at study entry (median, 4.0 types). Initial and cumulative (2 to 16 types) HPV type multiplicities varied widely between different families but only a little between family members. The high intrafamilial correlation of HPV multiplicity is already obvious for babies aged 10 days to 10 months. Family members typically displayed similar spectra of HPV types. More than 75% of the HPV types in babies were also detected in their parents. This indicates that HPV transmission mainly results from close contact between family members. Type-specific persistence for at least 9 months was more prevalent in parents (92%) than in children (66%). Of the types detected throughout the study, 24% turned out to persist in the parents and only 11% in the children. Interestingly, about one-half of the HPV types found to persist in one of the parents occurred less frequently or even only sporadically in the spouse. Similarly, only one-third of the persisting parental types also persisted in their children. This indicates that even regular exposure to cutaneous HPV does not necessarily lead to the establishment of a persistent infection, which may point to type-specific susceptibilities of different individuals.

scholarly journals The Effect of Parent Psychological Distress on Child Hyperactivity/Inattention During the COVID-19 Lockdown: Testing the Mediation of Parent Verbal Hostility and Child Emotional Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Marchetti ◽  
Lilybeth Fontanesi ◽  
Serena Di Giandomenico ◽  
Cristina Mazza ◽  
Paolo Roma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
General Population ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Parent Distress ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) health crisis is strongly affecting the psychological well-being of the general population. According to a very recent literature, the imposed lockdown and social distancing measures have generated a series of negative outcomes, including fear of the future, anxiety, and somatization symptoms. Few studies have investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the well-being of parents and children, and still fewer studies have assessed the relationship between the psychological health of parents and children. The present study aimed at understanding the effect of parents’ psychological distress and verbal aggression on behavioral and emotional symptoms of children during the COVID-19 lockdown. Using an online survey administered in the first weeks of the lockdown in Italy, we explored the mediating effects of parent verbal hostility and child emotional symptoms on the relationship between parent distress and child hyperactivity/inattention in a sample of 878 Italian parents (87.4% mothers; meanage = 40.58). Two hypotheses were proposed: (1) parent distress would significantly predict child hyperactivity/inattention, and (2) parent verbal hostility and child emotional symptoms would mediate the association between parent distress and child hyperactivity/inattention. The serial mediated model confirmed both hypotheses, suggesting that higher rates of psychological distress in parents were associated with higher levels of hyperactivity/inattention in children. Parent verbal hostility and child emotional problems were also found to positively mediate this relation. Our results may be used to improve sociopsychological interventions in the general population in the near future. They may also contribute to the clinical definition of therapeutic paths for parents and families.

55. HIGH EFFICACY OF A HPV-16/18 L1 VIRUS-LIKE PARTICLE (VLP) VACCINE ADJUVANTED WITH AS04 AGAINST CIN2+ CAUSED BY HPV-16/18 INFECTION IN A BROAD POPULATION OF YOUNG WOMEN

Sexual Health ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 305 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Skinner ◽  
S. M. Garland ◽  
I. Denham ◽  
M. O'Sullivan ◽  
R. Waddell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Persistent Infection ◽  
Vaccine Efficacy ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Vaccine Type ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Oncogenic Hpv

Objectives: Previous studies with the HPV-16/18 L1 VLP AS04 vaccine have shown 100% efficacy against HPV 16/18 associated persistent infection and CIN in women with no previous exposure to oncogenic HPV. This interim analysis of a phase III, randomized, controlled trial assessed vaccine efficacy against HPV 16/18 associated CIN2+ and persistent infection with oncogenic HPV types in a broad population of women. Methods: Healthy women, aged 15-25 years, with d6 sexual partners and no previous colposcopy were eligible and were randomly allocated to 3 doses of HPV or hepatitis A (control) vaccine at 0, 1, 6 months. Serum antibodies for HPV 16/18 were assessed by ELISA. HPV DNA was detected by PCR on cervical cytology and biopsy. Vaccine efficacy was assessed in women who received at least one vaccine dose, had normal or low-grade cytology and were HPV 16/18 sero- and DNA negative at entry. Additional analyses were undertaken to assign causality where multiple HPV types were present. Immunogenicity was evaluated in a subset of women and safety was assessed in the entire vaccinated cohort. Results: 18729 women from Asia Pacific (34%), Europe (34%), North (16.5%) and Latin America (14.9%) were enrolled. 18525 were included in the cohort for vaccine efficacy analyses. Mean age was 20 years and mean follow up 15 months from dose 1. Most HPV 16/18 infections were detected prior to dose 3 in this analysis. Of 23 CIN2+ lesions associated with HPV 16/18, 14 contained multiple oncogenic HPV types: three showed no preceding infection or E4 gene expression for the relevant HPV vaccine type. Vaccine efficacy according to HPV DNA detected in the lesion was 90.4% (95% CI, 53.4-99.3); after additional analyses for causality assignment, efficacy was 100% (95% CI: 74.2-100). Cross-protection against 6-months infection with HPV-45, -31, -52; and broad protection against 12-month persistent non-16/18 oncogenic HPV infection was also demonstrated. Seroconversion was 99.5% after dose 2 and 3. Safety profiles were comparable between groups. Conclusions: In a broad cohort of women, high vaccine efficacy was observed against CIN2+ caused by HPV-16/18.

scholarly journals Human papillomavirus type spectrum in normal skin of individuals with or without a history of frequent sun exposure

2008 ◽  
Vol 89 (11) ◽  
pp. 2891-2897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Che-Ha Chen ◽  
Nigel A. J. McMillan ◽  
Annika Antonsson
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Type Spectrum ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Healthy Males

Cutaneous human papillomavirus (HPV) has been widely detected in healthy skin. Previous studies have found that UV radiation can activate several HPV types, and a possible role for cutaneous HPV in the development of non-melanoma skin cancer has been suggested. This study investigated the prevalence and type-spectrum of cutaneous HPV in relation to UV radiation by studying forehead skin swab samples from 50 healthy males frequently exposed to the sun and 50 healthy males who were not frequently exposed to the sun. A questionnaire including ethnic background of the participants, history of cancers and a self-assessment of sun-exposure was also conducted and analysed. PCR with the FAP primer pair was carried out to detect HPV DNA in samples. HPV prevalence was higher in individuals who spent more time outdoors and in individuals with a history of skin cancers (P=0.044 and P=0.04, respectively). Furthermore, individuals wearing sunglasses as a means of sun protection had a lower prevalence of HPV (P=0.018). Interestingly, HPV-76 was only detected in the group without frequent sun-exposure (P=0.001). These results suggest that increased UV radiation exposure may be a factor leading to a difference in prevalence of cutaneous HPV types.

P–071 Human Papillomavirus Infection and impact on men fertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Madzunkov ◽  
K Madjunkova
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Study question Is there any correlation between men infertility and HPV infection and its impairment on sperm quality? Summary answer There is a significantly higher prevalence of high-risk HPV in infertile men than fertile men. HPV infection does not impair sperm quality. What is known already Many factors may cause the infertility in males and females. Human papillomavirus are the most frequently sexually transmitted DNA viruses and etiological agents of cervical cancers. There is association between HPV infection in females and adverse pregnancy outcomes such as spontaneous abortion and spontaneous preterm delivery. Previous studies have reported the detection of HPV DNA in semen and in different sites of the male reproductive tract, such as glans penis and scrotum. Recent reports suggested that HPV may affect sperm parameters and lead to male infertility. The impact of HPV infection upon male fertility abnormality has received far less attention. Study design, size, duration In this study case control study we examined 38 fertile and 36 men from infertle couples. Participants/materials, setting, methods we examined the swabs of the entire penile surface and semen samples for HPV detection and genotyping from 38 fertile men and 36 from men from infertile couples.HPV were detected with PCR method. Sperm was also examined for its motility, sperm quantity and morphology . Main results and the role of chance Among 36 confirmed infertile males, only 8 (22.22%) cases were tested positive for HPV of semen samples and 2 among fertile men were HPV-positive (5.26%) of semen samples. Among infertile males 14 (38.88%) had HPV positive penile swabs, and only 1 (2,63%) had positive HPV swab among fertile men. The most prevalent HPV types in the male external genitalia were HPV–16. The most prevalent HPV types in semen were HPV–53. This data revealed a significant association between high-risk HPV and male infertility (P = 0.03). Sperm quality (morphology and motility) did not differ significantly between men with seminal HPV infection and uninfected men. Limitations, reasons for caution There were some limitations in the study such as differences in age. sample sizes and the number of HPV genotypes detected. Wider implications of the findings: We need larger studies and more further investigations to confirm the impact of HPV on male infertility. Trial registration number 2

Qualitative Examination of the Impact of Rural Veterans' Functioning on Their Family Members

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle M. Kawasaki ◽  
Julia Whealin ◽  
Dawna Nelson ◽  
Jui-Feng Tatekawa-Chen
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
The Impact

Psychological Impacts of COVID-19 During the First Nationwide Lockdown in Vietnam: Web-Based, Cross-Sectional Survey Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khanh Ngoc Cong Duong ◽  
Tien Nguyen Le Bao ◽  
Phuong Thi Lan Nguyen ◽  
Thanh Vo Van ◽  
Toi Phung Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
General Population ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND The first nationwide lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic was implemented in Vietnam from April 1 to 15, 2020. Nevertheless, there has been limited information on the impact of COVID-19 on the psychological health of the public. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of psychological issues and identify the factors associated with the psychological impact of COVID-19 during the first nationwide lockdown among the general population in Vietnam. METHODS We employed a cross-sectional study design with convenience sampling. A self-administered, online survey was used to collect data and assess psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and stress of participants from April 10 to 15, 2020. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) were utilized to assess psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and stress of participants during social distancing due to COVID-19. Associations across factors were explored using regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 1385 respondents completed the survey. Of this, 35.9% (n=497) experienced psychological distress, as well as depression (n=325, 23.5%), anxiety (n=195, 14.1%), and stress (n=309, 22.3%). Respondents who evaluated their physical health as average had a higher IES-R score (beta coefficient [B]=9.16, 95% CI 6.43 to 11.89), as well as higher depression (B=5.85, 95% CI 4.49 to 7.21), anxiety (B=3.64, 95% CI 2.64 to 4.63), and stress (B=5.19, 95% CI 3.83 to 6.56) scores for DASS-21 than those who rated their health as good or very good. Those who self-reported their health as bad or very bad experienced more severe depression (B=9.57, 95% CI 4.54 to 14.59), anxiety (B=7.24, 95% CI 3.55 to 10.9), and stress (B=10.60, 95% CI 5.56 to 15.65). Unemployment was more likely to be associated with depression (B=3.34, 95% CI 1.68 to 5.01) and stress (B=2.34, 95% CI 0.84 to 3.85). Regarding worries about COVID-19, more than half (n=755, 54.5%) expressed concern for their children aged <18 years, which increased their IES-R score (B=7.81, 95% CI 4.98 to 10.64) and DASS-21 stress score (B=1.75, 95% CI 0.27 to 3.24). The majority of respondents (n=1335, 96.4%) were confident about their doctor’s expertise in terms of COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment, which was positively associated with less distress caused by the outbreak (B=–7.84, 95% CI –14.58 to –1.11). CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight the effect of COVID-19 on mental health during the nationwide lockdown among the general population in Vietnam. The study provides useful evidence for policy decision makers to develop and implement interventions to mitigate these impacts. CLINICALTRIAL

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES ON DAILY SUPPORT TO FAMILY AND EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING IN ADULTHOOD

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S235-S235
Author(s):  
Jooyoung Kong ◽  
Yin Liu ◽  
David Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Well Being ◽  
National Study ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Extensive evidence suggests that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can lead to negative health effects across a lifetime. This study examines the impact of ACEs on the frequency of providing daily support (i.e., unpaid assistance, emotional support, and disability-related assistance) to family members and the moderating effects of ACEs in the association between providing daily support to family and daily negative affect. Using the National Study of Daily Experiences II, we analyzed a total of 14,912 daily interviews from 2,022 respondents aged 56 on average. Key results showed that a greater number of ACEs were associated with providing more frequent emotional support to family. We also found the significant interaction effect that adults with more ACEs showed greater negative affect on the days when they provided assistance to family members with disabilities. The findings underscore the long-term negative impact of ACEs on daily well-being in the context of family relationships.

scholarly journals Family reported outcomes, an unmet need in the management of a patient's disease: appraisal of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Shah ◽  
F. M. Ali ◽  
A. Y. Finlay ◽  
M. S. Salek
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Chronic Health Condition ◽  
Family Quality Of Life ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background A person’s chronic health condition or disability can have a huge impact on the quality of life (QoL) of the whole family, but this important impact is often ignored. This literature review aims to understand the impact of patients' disease on family members across all medical specialities, and appraise existing generic and disease-specific family quality of life (QoL) measures. Methods The databases Medline, EMBASE, CINHAL, ASSIA, PsycINFO and Scopus were searched for original articles in English measuring the impact of health conditions on patients' family members/partner using a valid instrument. Results Of 114 articles screened, 86 met the inclusion criteria. They explored the impact of a relative's disease on 14,661 family members, mostly 'parents' or 'mothers', using 50 different instruments across 18 specialities including neurology, oncology and dermatology, in 33 countries including the USA, China and Australia. These studies revealed a huge impact of patients' illness on family members. An appraisal of family QoL instruments identified 48 instruments, 42 disease/speciality specific and six generic measures. Five of the six generics are aimed at carers of children, people with disability or restricted to chronic disease. The only generic instrument that measures the impact of any condition on family members across all specialities is the Family Reported Outcome Measure (FROM-16). Although most instruments demonstrated good reliability and validity, only 11 reported responsiveness and only one reported the minimal clinically important difference. Conclusions Family members' QoL is greatly impacted by a relative's condition. To support family members, there is a need for a generic tool that offers flexibility and brevity for use in clinical settings across all areas of medicine. FROM-16 could be the tool of choice, provided its robustness is demonstrated with further validation of its psychometric properties.

scholarly journals Determinants of participation and quality of life of young adults with cerebral palsy: longitudinal approach and comparison with the general population – SPARCLE 3 study protocol

BMC Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Arnaud ◽  
Carine Duffaut ◽  
Jérôme Fauconnier ◽  
Silke Schmidt ◽  
Kate Himmelmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Young People ◽  
General Population ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Effective inclusion in society for young people with disabilities is increasingly seen as generating opportunities for self-development, and improving well-being. However, significant barriers remain in the vast majority of activities meaningful for young adults. Research argues that various personal (disabilities, health) and environmental (access to the resources needed, accessible environment, discrimination, lack of personal economic independence) factors contribute to limited participation. However, previous studies conducted in young people with cerebral palsy (CP) mainly investigated the transition period to adulthood, and did not fully consider the whole range of impairment severity profiles or environmental barriers. In this study, we will use the follow-up of the SPARCLE cohort and a comparison group from the general population (1) to investigate the impact of the environment on participation and quality of life of young adults with CP, (2) to determine predictors of a successful young adulthood in educational, professional, health and social fields, (3) to compare quality of life and frequency of participation in social, work and recreational activities with the general population, (4) to document on participation and quality of life in those with severe disabilities. Methods The SPARCLE3 study has a combined longitudinal and cross-sectional design. Young adults with CP aged 22 to 27 years in 6 European regions previously enrolled in the SPARCLE cohort or newly recruited will be invited to self-complete a comprehensive set of questionnaires exploring participation (daily life and discretionary activities), health-related quality of life, body function, personal factors (health, personal resources), and contextual factors (availability of needed environmental items, family environment, services provision) during home visits supervised by trained researchers. Proxy-reports or adapted questionnaires will be used for those with the most severe impairments. The recruitment of a large group from the general population (online survey) will enable to identify life areas where the discrepancies between young people with CP and their able-bodied peers are the most significant. Discussion This study will help identify to what extent disabilities and barriers in environment negatively affect participation and quality of life, and how previous valued experiences during childhood or adolescence might modulate these effects.

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