scholarly journals Pseudouridine modification in the tRNA(Tyr) anticodon is dependent on the presence, but independent of the size and sequence, of the intron in eucaryotic tRNA(Tyr) genes.

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 3332-3337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Choffat ◽  
B Suter ◽  
R Behra ◽  
E Kubli
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Trna Gene ◽  
Xenopus Laevis Oocytes ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Consensus Sequences ◽  
Trna Precursor ◽  
Tyr Gene ◽  
Six Genes

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, pseudouridine formation in the middle position of the tRNA(Tyr) anticodon (psi 35) is dependent on the presence of the intron in the tRNA(Tyr) gene (Johnson and Abelson, Nature 302:681-687, 1983). Drosophila melanogaster tRNA(Tyr) genes contain introns of three size classes: 20 or 21 base pairs (bp) (six genes), 48 bp (one gene), and 113 bp (one gene). As in yeast, removal of the intron led to loss of psi 35 in the anticodon when transcription was assayed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. All Drosophila intron sizes supported psi 35 formation. The same results were obtained with the homologous X. laevis tRNA(Tyr) genes containing introns of 12 or 13 bp or with a deleted intron. The introns of yeast (Nishikura and DeRobertis, J. Mol. Biol. 145:405-420, 1981), D. melanogaster, and X. laevis tRNA(Tyr) wild-type genes, while they all supported psi 35 synthesis, did not share any consensus sequences. As discussed, these results, taken together, suggest that for appropriate function the psi 35 enzyme in the X. laevis oocyte needs the presence of an unqualified intron in the tRNA gene and a tRNA(Tyr)-like structure in the unprocessed tRNA precursor.

Pseudouridine modification in the tRNA(Tyr) anticodon is dependent on the presence, but independent of the size and sequence, of the intron in eucaryotic tRNA(Tyr) genes

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 3332-3337
Author(s):  
Y Choffat ◽  
B Suter ◽  
R Behra ◽  
E Kubli
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Trna Gene ◽  
Xenopus Laevis Oocytes ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Consensus Sequences ◽  
Trna Precursor ◽  
Tyr Gene ◽  
Six Genes

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, pseudouridine formation in the middle position of the tRNA(Tyr) anticodon (psi 35) is dependent on the presence of the intron in the tRNA(Tyr) gene (Johnson and Abelson, Nature 302:681-687, 1983). Drosophila melanogaster tRNA(Tyr) genes contain introns of three size classes: 20 or 21 base pairs (bp) (six genes), 48 bp (one gene), and 113 bp (one gene). As in yeast, removal of the intron led to loss of psi 35 in the anticodon when transcription was assayed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. All Drosophila intron sizes supported psi 35 formation. The same results were obtained with the homologous X. laevis tRNA(Tyr) genes containing introns of 12 or 13 bp or with a deleted intron. The introns of yeast (Nishikura and DeRobertis, J. Mol. Biol. 145:405-420, 1981), D. melanogaster, and X. laevis tRNA(Tyr) wild-type genes, while they all supported psi 35 synthesis, did not share any consensus sequences. As discussed, these results, taken together, suggest that for appropriate function the psi 35 enzyme in the X. laevis oocyte needs the presence of an unqualified intron in the tRNA gene and a tRNA(Tyr)-like structure in the unprocessed tRNA precursor.

scholarly journals Sequences involved in temperature and ecdysterone-induced transcription are located in separate regions of a Drosophila melanogaster heat shock gene.

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 663-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Hoffman ◽  
V Corces
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Initiation Site ◽  
P Element ◽  
Heat Shock Gene ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Consensus Sequences ◽  
Shock Gene

The transcriptional regulation of the Drosophila melanogaster hsp27 (also called hsp28) gene was studied by introducing altered genes into the germ line by P element-mediated transformation. DNA sequences upstream of the gene were defined with respect to their effect on steroid hormone-induced and heat-induced transcription. These two types of control were found to be separable; the sequences responsible for 80% of heat-induced expression were located more than 1.1 kilobases upstream of the RNA initiation site, while the sequences responsible for the majority of ecdysterone induction were positioned downstream of the site at -227 base pairs. We have determined the DNA sequence of the intergenic region separating hsp23 and hsp27 and have located putative heat shock and ecdysterone consensus sequences. Our results indicate that the heat shock promoter of the hsp27 gene is organized quite differently from that of hsp70.

scholarly journals Sequences required for transcriptional initiation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae CYC7 genes.

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 3785-3791 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Healy ◽  
T L Helser ◽  
R S Zitomer
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Initiation Site ◽  
Tata Box ◽  
Upstream Region ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Transcriptional Initiation ◽  
Consensus Sequences ◽  
Tata Sequence ◽  
Yeast Genes

A series of BAL 31 deletions were constructed in the upstream region of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae CYC7 gene to determine sequences required for transcriptional initiation. These deletions identified the TATA box as an alternating A-T sequence at -160 and the initiation sequences as well as the spatial relationship between them. The TATA box was necessary for wild-type levels of expression of the CYC7 gene. Decreasing the distance between the TATA sequence and the initiation site did not alter gene expression, but the site of transcription was shifted 3'-ward. In most cases, transcription initiated at a number of sites, the 5'-most of which was the first suitable site greater than 45 base pairs 3' of the TATA sequence, suggesting a spatial relationship between these sequences. Consensus sequences previously proposed for initiation sites were evaluated with respect to the start sites identified in this study as well as the start sites of other yeast genes.

scholarly journals Oxygen-dependent upstream activation sites of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cytochrome c genes are related forms of the same sequence.

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2275-2279 ◽  
Author(s):  
M E Cerdan ◽  
R S Zitomer
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Wild Type Strain ◽  
Repeated Sequence ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Consensus Sequences ◽  
Cyp1 Gene ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Activation Sequence

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the two genes, CYC1 and CYC7, that encode the isoforms of cytochrome c are expressed at different levels. Oxygen regulation is mediated by the expression of the CYP1 gene, and the CYP1 protein interacts with both CYC1 upstream activation sequence 1 (UAS1) and CYC7 UASo. In this study, the homology between the CYP1-binding sites of both genes was investigated. The most noticeable difference between the CYC1 and CYC7 UASs is the presence of GC base pairs at the same positions in a repeated sequence in CYC7 compared with CG base pairs in CYC1. Directed mutagenesis changing these GC residues to CG residues in CYC7 led to CYC1-like expression of CYC7 both in a CYP1 wild-type strain and in a strain carrying the semidominant mutation CYP1-16 which reverses the oxygen-dependent expression of the two genes. Our results strongly support the hypothesis that the CYP1-binding sites in CYC1 and CYC7 are related forms of the same sequence and that the CYP1-16 protein has altered specificity for the variant forms of the consensus sequences in both genes.

scholarly journals Sequences responsible for transcription termination on a gene segment in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1984 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 1515-1520 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Henikoff ◽  
E H Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Signal Sequence ◽  
Transcription Termination ◽  
Gene Segment ◽  
Deletion Analysis ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Yeast Genes

We have mapped a signal sequence for mRNA 3'-end formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by using a Drosophila melanogaster DNA segment that complements a yeast adenine-8 mutation. That the 3' end of the transcript in S. cerevisiae nearly coincides with that in D. melanogaster is consistent with the possibility that mRNA termini are similarly determined in both organisms. Deletion analysis reveals that the complete signal is no more than 21 base pairs long. Part of the signal is the sequence TTTTTATA, which is seen in the termination region of several yeast genes. TTTTTATA appears to be able to act autonomously as a partial termination signal. The efficiency of the complete signal is affected by substitution of sequences downstream from it. This modulation of the effect of a signal is consistent with termination in S. cerevisiae, resembling rho-dependent termination in bacteria.

scholarly journals Characterization and mutational analysis of a cluster of three genes expressed preferentially during sporulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2443-2451 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Percival-Smith ◽  
J Segall
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Intergenic Region ◽  
Mutational Analysis ◽  
Fusion Gene ◽  
Lacz Fusion ◽  
Regulatory Sequences ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Differential Hybridization ◽  
Dna Library

A differential hybridization screen of a genomic yeast DNA library previously identified 14 genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that are expressed preferentially during sporulation. Three of these sporulation-specific genes, SPS1, SPS2, and SPS3, have been shown to be closely linked. A mutational analysis has demonstrated that expression of the SPS1 gene, but not the SPS2 gene, is essential for the completion of sporulation. A diploid MATa/MAT alpha strain homozygous for a disruption of the SPS1 gene failed to form asci when subjected to sporulation conditions. The 3' end of the transcript encoded by the SPS1 gene was found to map only 185 base pairs from the 5' end of the SPS2 gene. The SPS1-SPS2 intergenic region was shown to contain all of the regulatory sequences necessary for the sporulation-specific activation of the SPS2 gene as assessed by expression of a translational SPS2-lacZ fusion gene present on a replicating, centromere-containing plasmid. The fusion gene was found to be expressed at the same time during sporulation as the chromosomal wild-type SPS2 gene.

scholarly journals Tightly centromere-linked gene (SPO15) essential for meiosis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Yeh ◽  
J Carbon ◽  
K Bloom
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Gene Product ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Intragenic Recombination ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Linked Gene ◽  
Mutant Cells

We used DNA fragments from the centromere regions of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) chromosomes III and XI to examine the transcriptional activity within this chromosomal domain. DNA transcripts were found 200 to 300 base pairs from the 250-base-pair centromere core and lie within an ordered chromatin array. No transcripts were detected from the functional centromere region. We examined the cellular function of one of these tightly centromere-linked transcripts. (CEN11)L, by disrupting the coding sequences in vivo and analyzing the phenotype of the mutant yeast cell. Diploids heterozygous for the (CEN11)L disruption sporulated at wild-type levels, and the absence of the (CEN11)L gene product had no effect on the viability or mitotic growth of haploid cells. Diploids homozygous for the (CEN11)L disruption were unable to sporulate when induced by the appropriate nutritional cues. The mutant cells were competent for intragenic recombination and appeared to be blocked at the mononucleate stage. The temporal ordering of (CEN11)L function with respect to the sporulation mutant spo13 suggests that the (CEN11)L gene product may be required at both the first and second meiotic cell divisions. This new sporulation gene has been termed SPO15.

scholarly journals Meiotic mismatch repair quantified on the basis of segregation patterns in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

Genetics ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 815-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Schär ◽  
P Munz ◽  
J Kohli
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Schizosaccharomyces Pombe ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Mismatch Repair ◽  
Meiotic Recombination ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Ascobolus Immersus ◽  
Postmeiotic Segregation ◽  
Hybrid Dna

Abstract Hybrid DNA with mismatched base pairs is a central intermediate of meiotic recombination. Mismatch repair leads either to restoration or conversion, while failure of repair results in postmeiotic segregation (PMS). The behavior of three G to C transversions in one-factor crosses with the wild-type alleles is studied in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. They lead to C/C and G/G mismatches and are compared with closely linked mutations yielding other mismatches. A method is presented for the detection of PMS in random spores. The procedure yields accurate PMS frequencies as shown by comparison with tetrad data. A scheme is presented for the calculation of the frequency of hybrid DNA formation and the efficiency of mismatch repair. The efficiency of C/C repair in S. pombe is calculated to be about 70%. Other mismatches are repaired with close to 100% efficiency. These results are compared with data published on mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Ascobolus immersus. This study forms the basis for the detailed analysis of the marker effects caused by G to C transversions in two-factor crosses.

scholarly journals Tightly centromere-linked gene (SPO15) essential for meiosis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-167
Author(s):  
E Yeh ◽  
J Carbon ◽  
K Bloom
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Gene Product ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Intragenic Recombination ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Linked Gene ◽  
Mutant Cells

We used DNA fragments from the centromere regions of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) chromosomes III and XI to examine the transcriptional activity within this chromosomal domain. DNA transcripts were found 200 to 300 base pairs from the 250-base-pair centromere core and lie within an ordered chromatin array. No transcripts were detected from the functional centromere region. We examined the cellular function of one of these tightly centromere-linked transcripts. (CEN11)L, by disrupting the coding sequences in vivo and analyzing the phenotype of the mutant yeast cell. Diploids heterozygous for the (CEN11)L disruption sporulated at wild-type levels, and the absence of the (CEN11)L gene product had no effect on the viability or mitotic growth of haploid cells. Diploids homozygous for the (CEN11)L disruption were unable to sporulate when induced by the appropriate nutritional cues. The mutant cells were competent for intragenic recombination and appeared to be blocked at the mononucleate stage. The temporal ordering of (CEN11)L function with respect to the sporulation mutant spo13 suggests that the (CEN11)L gene product may be required at both the first and second meiotic cell divisions. This new sporulation gene has been termed SPO15.

Oxygen-dependent upstream activation sites of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cytochrome c genes are related forms of the same sequence

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2275-2279
Author(s):  
M E Cerdan ◽  
R S Zitomer
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Wild Type Strain ◽  
Repeated Sequence ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Consensus Sequences ◽  
Cyp1 Gene ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Activation Sequence

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the two genes, CYC1 and CYC7, that encode the isoforms of cytochrome c are expressed at different levels. Oxygen regulation is mediated by the expression of the CYP1 gene, and the CYP1 protein interacts with both CYC1 upstream activation sequence 1 (UAS1) and CYC7 UASo. In this study, the homology between the CYP1-binding sites of both genes was investigated. The most noticeable difference between the CYC1 and CYC7 UASs is the presence of GC base pairs at the same positions in a repeated sequence in CYC7 compared with CG base pairs in CYC1. Directed mutagenesis changing these GC residues to CG residues in CYC7 led to CYC1-like expression of CYC7 both in a CYP1 wild-type strain and in a strain carrying the semidominant mutation CYP1-16 which reverses the oxygen-dependent expression of the two genes. Our results strongly support the hypothesis that the CYP1-binding sites in CYC1 and CYC7 are related forms of the same sequence and that the CYP1-16 protein has altered specificity for the variant forms of the consensus sequences in both genes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document