HER DESHER AND NIRGAL VALLES: STRUCTURAL AND MINERALOGICAL EVIDENCE OF SURFACE WATER TRAPPING AND GROUNDWATER RECHARGE IN NW NOACHIS TERRA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra Buczkowski ◽  
◽  
Danielle Wyrick ◽  
Kim D. Seelos ◽  
Christina Viviano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Water Trapping ◽  
Mineralogical Evidence

scholarly journals Quantifying Focused Groundwater Recharge Induced by Irrigation Surface Water Reservoirs in Crystalline Basement Areas for Complementary Irrigation

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2880
Author(s):  
Apolline Bambara ◽  
Philippe Orban ◽  
Issoufou Ouedraogo ◽  
Eric Hallot ◽  
Francis Guyon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Spatiotemporal Analysis ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Drying Up ◽  
Sub Saharan

Through the practice of irrigation, surface water reservoirs (SWRs) contribute to the socio-economic development and food production activities of populations in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, they tend to dry up prematurely. One solution to circumvent these irrigation water shortages is to ensure their conjunctive use with groundwater. The objective of this study is to better understand the contribution of SWRs to groundwater recharge and to determine if groundwater may be considered as a complementary local resource for irrigation. The study was carried out on two watersheds in Burkina Faso, Kierma and Mogtedo. The spatiotemporal analysis of piezometric and SWRs level records coupled with physico-chemical analyses of water was used to characterize exchanges between SWRs and groundwater. The regional groundwater recharge at the scale of the watersheds was assessed. At the SWRs scale, a water balance methodology was developed and used to estimate focused recharge. The results show that SWRs interact almost continuously with groundwater and contribute focused recharge. The magnitude of this recharge is a function of the geological context and the sediment texture of the SWRs. It is estimated at 5 mm/day in Kierma and 4 mm/day in Mogtédo. These values are higher than the natural recharge estimated at 0.2 mm/day in Kierma and 0.1 mm/day in Mogtédo. Additionally, the values of hydraulic conductivity are between 0.01 and 2 m/day in Kierma and between 1 × 10−4 and 0.2 m/day in Mogtédo. These conductivities could allow pumping in large-diameter hand-dug wells with a significant yield between 0.5 and 120 m3/day in Kierma and between 0 and 10 m3/day in Mogtédo to palliate the early drying up of the SWRs.

scholarly journals Groundwater–surface water interactions in an ephemeral savanna catchment, Kruger National Park

Koedoe ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward S. Riddell ◽  
Jaco Nel ◽  
Johan Van Tol ◽  
Daniel Fundisi ◽  
Faith Jumbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
National Park ◽  
Fractured Rock ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Hydrological Processes ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Fractured Rock Aquifer ◽  
Precipitation Events

The semi-arid conditions in savanna landscapes ensure that ephemeral drainage dominates the hydrological network in these dryland systems. Quantification of their hydrological processes is important to inform ecosystem understanding and future conservation efforts under a changing climate, and to provide guidance for restoration. By combining in situ hydrometric observations, hydrochemistry, remote sensing and a soil water balance model, we characterise the groundwater–surface water interactions in ephemeral low-order catchments of the granitoid regions of the southern Kruger National Park (KNP). Streams at the lowest orders are augmented by lateral interflows from the catena, although the second- and third-order stream reaches are conduits for groundwater recharge to the fractured rock aquifer; the soils of the crests and foot-slopes also show preferential flow, and are truly recharge soils, whilst the duplex soils of the midslopes clearly show their responsive nature to a low soil moisture deficit in the shallow horizons. Actual evaporation (aET) differed between catena elements with surprisingly little variation at third-order hillslopes, with the greatest overall aET at the first order. Meanwhile, soil water balances demonstrated a significant variation in storage of the riparian zones as a result of interflow from upslope and aET losses. Furthermore, data support broader-scale observations that groundwater recharge through the vadose zone to the fractured rock aquifer is dependent upon threshold antecedent precipitation conditions. Moderate precipitation events (5 mm/day – 35 mm/day) over a 2–3 week period initiate groundwater responses with a 2–3 month lag, whilst intense precipitation events (100 mm/day) are expressed within 2–3 weeks.Conservation implications: Understanding the lateral connectivity of terrestrial ecosystems to the ephemeral drainage network expressed via hydrological processes in these savanna landscapes is important to infer potential impacts of climate variability on the continued conservation of these ecosystems, both within and external to protected areas.

scholarly journals Spatially distributed sensitivity of simulated global groundwater heads and flows to hydraulic conductivity, groundwater recharge and surface water body parameterization

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Reinecke ◽  
Laura Foglia ◽  
Steffen Mehl ◽  
Jonathan D. Herman ◽  
Alexander Wachholz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Distributed Parameter ◽  
Groundwater Model ◽  
Surface Water Body ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Gradient Based ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. In global hydrological models, groundwater storages and flows are generally simulated by linear reservoir models. Recently, the first global gradient-based groundwater models were developed in order to improve the representation of groundwater-surface water interactions, capillary rise, lateral flows and human water use impacts. However, the reliability of model outputs is limited by a lack of data as well as model assumptions required due to the necessarily coarse spatial resolution. The impact of data quality is presented by showing the sensitivity of a groundwater model to changes in the only available global hydraulic conductivity data-set. To better understand the sensitivity of model output to uncertain spatially distributed parameter inputs, we present the first application of a global sensitivity method for a global-scale groundwater model using nearly 2000 steady-state model runs of the global gradient-based groundwater model G3M. By applying the Morris method in a novel domain decomposition approach that identifies global hydrological response units, spatially distributed parameter sensitivities are determined for a computationally expensive model. Results indicate that globally simulated hydraulic heads are equally sensitive to hydraulic conductivity, groundwater recharge and surface water body elevation, though parameter sensitivities vary regionally. For large areas of the globe, rivers are simulated to be either losing or gaining, depending on the parameter combination, indicating a high uncertainty of simulating the direction of flow between the two compartments. Mountainous and dry regions show a high variance in simulated head due to numerical difficulties of the model, limiting the reliability of computed sensitivities in these regions. This instability is likely caused by the uncertainty in surface water body elevation. We conclude that maps of spatially distributed sensitivities can help to understand complex behaviour of models that incorporate data with varying spatial uncertainties. The findings support the selection of possible calibration parameters and help to anticipate challenges for a transient coupling of the model.

scholarly journals Spatially distributed sensitivity of simulated global groundwater heads and flows to hydraulic conductivity, groundwater recharge, and surface water body parameterization

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 4561-4582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Reinecke ◽  
Laura Foglia ◽  
Steffen Mehl ◽  
Jonathan D. Herman ◽  
Alexander Wachholz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Groundwater Model ◽  
Decomposition Approach ◽  
Surface Water Body ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Gradient Based ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. In global hydrological models, groundwater storages and flows are generally simulated by linear reservoir models. Recently, the first global gradient-based groundwater models were developed in order to improve the representation of groundwater–surface-water interactions, capillary rise, lateral flows, and human water use impacts. However, the reliability of model outputs is limited by a lack of data and by uncertain model assumptions that are necessary due to the coarse spatial resolution. The impact of data quality is presented in this study by showing the sensitivity of a groundwater model to changes in the only available global hydraulic conductivity dataset. To better understand the sensitivity of model output to uncertain spatially distributed parameters, we present the first application of a global sensitivity method for a global-scale groundwater model using nearly 2000 steady-state model runs of the global gradient-based groundwater model G3M. By applying the Morris method in a novel domain decomposition approach that identifies global hydrological response units, spatially distributed parameter sensitivities are determined for a computationally expensive model. Results indicate that globally simulated hydraulic heads are equally sensitive to hydraulic conductivity, groundwater recharge, and surface water body elevation, though parameter sensitivities vary regionally. For large areas of the globe, rivers are simulated to be either losing or gaining, depending on the parameter combination, indicating a high uncertainty in simulating the direction of flow between the two compartments. Mountainous and dry regions show a high variance in simulated head due to numerical instabilities of the model, limiting the reliability of computed sensitivities in these regions. This is likely caused by the uncertainty in surface water body elevation. We conclude that maps of spatially distributed sensitivities can help to understand the complex behavior of models that incorporate data with varying spatial uncertainties. The findings support the selection of possible calibration parameters and help to anticipate challenges for a transient coupling of the model.

Groundwater recharge in suburban areas of Hanoi, Vietnam: effect of decreasing surface-water bodies and land-use change

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Kuroda ◽  
Takeshi Hayashi ◽  
An Thuan Do ◽  
Vu Duc Canh ◽  
Tran Thi Viet Nga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Surface Water Bodies

scholarly journals Applying Environmental Isotope Theory to Groundwater Recharge in the Jiaozuo Mining Area, China

Geofluids ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinghua Huang ◽  
Xinyi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Deep Groundwater ◽  
Isotope Tracer ◽  
Surface Data ◽  
Fraction Distribution ◽  
Hydrogen And Oxygen Isotope

This study establishes the surface water evaporation line in theory and numerically simulates the δD and δ18O value distribution interval of the recharge source of deep groundwater in the Jiaozuo mining area. The recharge elevation is calculated based on hydrogen and oxygen isotope tracer theory. Theoretical calculation and experimental data indicate that the surface water evaporation line in the study area in theory is almost the same as the measured surface data-fitting line. A significant linear relationship is identified between δ18O and the elevation of spring outcrop. The topography increases per 100 m, and the δ18O value reduces by 0.23‰ on average. The δ18O value is converted into formula to calculate the groundwater recharge elevation, which is approximately from 400 to 800 m. The measured tritium values of karst groundwater are greater than 3 TU. The second factor score is a fraction distribution in shallow groundwater and negative fraction distribution in spring and deep groundwater, which indicates that the Northern Taihang Mountain is the main recharge area, where carbonate-exposed areas exist. The research conclusion holds a certain value for the flood evaluation of local coal mines.

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