Effect of imitated global warming on Δ13C values in seven plant species growing in tibet alpine meadows

Banning of grazing is a widely used means of restoring degraded rangeland in China. However, little is known about the time required to restore degraded alpine meadows through the use of a grazing ban. Height and cover of individual plant species and total cover, herbage mass and root mass of each plot of a grazing ban and communal free-grazing alpine meadows in Northern Tibet were examined. Soil samples were also collected and total organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon, total phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen contents were measured. The results showed that both the level of plant species diversity and herbage mass were higher in areas of a grazing ban than in communal free-grazing land without a grazing ban. No significant differences in root mass and soil nutrient contents were observed. There was a higher plant species diversity and herbage mass in the early years of a grazing ban but there was a subsequent decline. It is suggested that some grazing after a grazing ban may be necessary according to the dynamics of ecosystem responses with time.

Download Full-text

Results of study on immunotropic activity of immune supporting drugs

Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.5564/mjas.v29i1.1371 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 72-78

Author(s):

Gurbadam Baatarkhuyag ◽

Bayartogtokh Bataa ◽

Gereltuya Jagj ◽

Delgermurun Dugar ◽

Bolormaa Pelden

Keyword(s):

Global Warming ◽

Plant Species ◽

Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽

Laboratory Animals ◽

Control Group ◽

Immunotropic Activity ◽

Veterinary Practice ◽

Medical Plants

In recent years, there have been negative developments such as deforestation, overgrazing, and loss of plant species due to the mining and pasture misuse, and global warming. Due to this, the immunity of Mongolian livestock has been decreasing. The uses of immunosuppressive drugs is limited in the veterinary practice. The aim of this study, the technology of 3 types of drugs prepared from the different type of medical plants and their immunotropic activity was tested in the laboratory animals. In the result, the immunotropic activity of 1th group preparation /SL (50), AS (30) and OPG (20)/ was higher than control group and also other group preparation. Дархлаа тэтгэх үйлдэлтэй эмийн бэлдмэлийн иммунотроп үйлдлийг судалсан дүн Сүүлийн жилүүдэд уул уурхайн олборлолт, бэлчээрийг зөв зохистой ашиглахгүй байх, дэлхийн цаг агаарын дулаарал зэрэгтэй холбоотойгоор бэлчээр хомсдох, талхлагдах, ургамлын төрөл, зүйлийн тоо хомсдох зэрэг сөрөг үзэгдэл ажиглагдах боллоо. Үүнээс шалтгаалан монгол малын тэсвэрт чанар нь алдагдах, дархлаа буурах үндэс болж байна. Дархлаа тэтгэх үйлчилгээтэй эм бэлдмэлийн хэрэглээ мал эмнэлгийн практикт хязгаарлагдмал байна. Иймд энэхүү судалгааны ажлын хүрээнд бид ургамлын гаралтай шинэ эмийн технологи боловсруулж түүний иммунотроп идэвхийг судлан тогтоолоо. Судалгааны дүнд ургамлын гаралтай өөр өөр найрлага бүхий 3 төрлийн эмийн бэлдмэлийн технологи боловсруулж тэдгээрийн иммунотроп идэвхийг лабоарторийн амьтанд туршиж үзэхэд Хувилбар 1 буюу I бүлгийн бэлдмэлийн иммунотроп идэвх ШБ (50) : СНШ (30) : ХБО (20) туршилтын нийт хугацаанд хяналттай харьцуулахад туршилтын хулганы дэлүүний жинг нь 2 дахин, дэлүүний эсийн тоог 1,5 дахин, дэлүүний индексийг 1,5 дахин тус тус нэмэгдүүлж бусад бүлгийн бэлдмэлүүдээс дархлалын урвалын эрчимжилтийг илүү дэмждэг болохыг тогтоолоо. Түлхүүр үг: шинэсэрхүү бударгана, сантолин навчит шарилж, хуурмаг булчирхайт ортууз, эмийн технологи, хорон чанар, иммунотроп идэвх

Download Full-text

Phylogenetic Correlation and Symbiotic Network Explain the Interdependence Between Plants and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in a Tibetan Alpine Meadow

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.804861 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Qiang Dong ◽

Xin Guo ◽

Keyu Chen ◽

Shijie Ren ◽

Muhammad Atif Muneer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Plant Species ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Host Plants ◽

Alpine Meadow ◽

Phylogenetic Signal ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Form Complex ◽

Alpine Meadows

Plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can form complex symbiotic networks based on functional trait selection, contributing to the maintenance of ecosystem biodiversity and stability. However, the selectivity of host plants on AMF and the characteristics of plant-AMF networks remain unclear in Tibetan alpine meadows. In this study, we studied the AMF communities in 69 root samples from 23 plant species in a Tibetan alpine meadow using Illumina-MiSeq sequencing of the 18S rRNA gene. The results showed a significant positive correlation between the phylogenetic distances of plant species and the taxonomic dissimilarity of their AMF community. The plant-AMF network was characterized by high connectance, high nestedness, anti-modularity, and anti-specialization, and the phylogenetic signal from plants was stronger than that from AMF. The high connected and nested plant-AMF network potentially promoted the interdependence and stability of the plant-AMF symbioses in Tibetan alpine meadows. This study emphasizes that plant phylogeny and plant-AMF networks play an important role in the coevolution of host plants and their mycorrhizal partners and enhance our understanding of the interactions between aboveground and belowground communities.

Download Full-text

Effects of local factors on plant species richness and composition of Alpine meadows

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment ◽

10.1016/j.agee.2006.07.015 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 119 (3-4) ◽

pp. 281-288 ◽

Cited By ~ 97

Author(s):

Lorenzo Marini ◽

Michele Scotton ◽

Sebastian Klimek ◽

Johannes Isselstein ◽

Angelo Pecile

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Plant Species ◽

Plant Species Richness ◽

Alpine Meadows ◽

Local Factors

Download Full-text

Thermal niche traits of high alpine plant species and communities across the tropical Andes and their vulnerability to global warming

Journal of Biogeography ◽

10.1111/jbi.13759 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 408-420 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Francisco Cuesta ◽

Carolina Tovar ◽

Luis D. Llambí ◽

William D. Gosling ◽

Stephan Halloy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Global Warming ◽

Plant Species ◽

Tropical Andes ◽

Alpine Plant ◽

Thermal Niche

Download Full-text

İklim Değişikliğinin Çayır-Meralar Üzerindeki Etkileri

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v7i12.2282-2290.3049 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 2282

Author(s):

Rüştü Hatipoğlu ◽

Mustafa Avcı ◽

Selahattin Çınar

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Global Warming ◽

Greenhouse Gases ◽

Plant Species ◽

Central Africa ◽

Live Weight ◽

Western Hemisphere ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Temperature And Precipitation ◽

Eastern Hemisphere

Climate change refers to the increase in greenhouse gases and changes in all kinds of climate with global warming. Concentration of CO2, one of the greenhouse gases, in the atmosphere increased over the 30% during the last 50 years, and this increase is expected to increase more rapidly at the next century. Climate change can lead to changes in temperature and precipitation. Flora is also varying in parallel to the climate change. In some part of the world, the number of plant species is decreasing, and it is expected that the number of the plant species adapting cool climates will decrease even further since these species cannot adapt to high temperatures. Climate change is importantly affecting yield of the grasslands. Higher increase in productivity in the western hemisphere in compared to the Eastern Hemisphere shows vulnerability of the grassland in North America, Central Asia, Central Africa and Oceania to the climate change. Global warming in areas with high summer temperatures affects feed consumption efficiency, live weight gain, milk yield and reproduction of the animals negatively. In cool regions, the effect of global warming is less felt. Intensive efforts are being made to investigate and predict the effects of climate changes on the grasslands. Detailed modeling studies are needed to make high predictions about the future. According to the forecasts made, it is predicted that global warming will be effective especially in Turkey. For this reason, drought tolerant varieties of forage plants should be developed and forage plant species with C4 photosynthesis adapting to different ecological regions of our country should be determined as well as the researches on the growing and breeding techniques of those plants should be conducted.

Download Full-text

Alluvial record of an early Eocene hyperthermal, Castissent Formation, Pyrenees, Spain

10.5194/cp-2019-88 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Louis Honegger ◽

Thierry Adatte ◽

Jorge E. Spangenberg ◽

Jeremy K. Caves Rugenstein ◽

Miquel Poyatos-Moré ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Global Warming ◽

Carbon Isotope ◽

Middle Eocene ◽

Stable Carbon Isotope ◽

Signal Propagation ◽

Mean Annual Precipitation ◽

Small Scale ◽

Early Eocene ◽

Δ13c Values ◽

South Central

Abstract. During the late Palaeocene to the middle Eocene (57.5 to 46.5 Ma) a total of 39 hyperthermals – periods of rapid global warming recorded by prominent negative carbon isotope excursions (NCIEs) as well as peaks in iron content – have been recognized in marine cores. Understanding how the Earth system responded to rapid warming during these hyperthermals is fundamental because they represent potential analogues, in the geological record, to the ongoing anthropogenic modification of global climate. However, while hyperthermals have been well documented in the marine sedimentary record, only few have been recognized and described in continental deposits, thereby limiting our ability to understand the effect and record of global warming on terrestrial surficial systems. Hyperthermals in the continental record could be a powerful correlation tool to help connect marine and continental records, addressing issues of environmental signal propagation from land to sea. In this study, we generate new stable carbon isotope data (δ13C values) across the well-exposed and time-constrained fluvial sedimentary succession of the early Eocene Castissent Formation in the South-Central Pyrenees (Spain). The δ13C values of pedogenic carbonate reveal – similarly to the global records – stepped NCIEs, culminating in a minimum δ13C value that we correlate with the hyperthermal event U at ca. 50 Ma. This general trend towards more negative values is most probably linked to higher primary productivity leading to an overall higher respiration of soil organic matter during these climatic events. The relative enrichment in immobile elements (Zr, Ti, Al) and higher estimates of mean annual precipitation together with the occurrence of small iron-oxides/hydroxides nodules during the NCIEs suggest intensification of chemical weathering and/or longer exposure of soils in a highly seasonal climate. The results show that even relatively small-scale hyperthermals compared with their prominent counterparts, such as PETM, ETM2 and 3, have left a recognizable trace in the stratigraphic record, providing insights into the dynamics of the carbon cycle in continental environments during these events.

Download Full-text

Striga asiatica (witch weed).

10.1079/cpc.51786.20210100267 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chris Parker

Keyword(s):

Global Warming ◽

Plant Species ◽

Natural Vegetation ◽

Cereal Crops ◽

Climatic Data ◽

Striga Asiatica ◽

Parasitic Weeds ◽

Crop Land ◽

Almost All

Abstract S. asiatica is a hemiparasitic plant, native to Africa and Asia. In common with most other parasitic weeds, it is not especially invasive in natural vegetation, but is much feared in crop land where infestations can build up to ruinous levels, especially with repeated growing of susceptible cereal crops. For this reason it is included in almost all lists of noxious, prohibited plant species. It has recently been reported in Queensland, Australia. There is also evidence for its continuing spread and intensification within a number of countries in Africa in particular in rice in Tanzania and maize in Malawi. A study by Mohamed et al. (2006) suggests that on the basis of climatic data, there are many territories into which Striga species, including S. asiatica, could be introduced and thrive. Global warming could further increase this potential.

Download Full-text