Effects of Silicon Nanoparticles on Photosynthetic Pigments and Biogenic Elements in Tomato Plants Infected with Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita

2020 ◽  
Vol 495 (1) ◽  
pp. 329-333
Author(s):  
Zh. V. Udalova ◽  
G. E. Folmanis ◽  
M. A. Fedotov ◽  
L. A. Pelgunova ◽  
E. Yu. Krysanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Silicon Nanoparticles ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Tomato Plants

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF FOLIAR TREATMENTS OF TOMATO PLANTS WITH MICROELEMENTS ON ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE INFESTATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 520-525
Author(s):  
Udalova ◽  
Zinovieva
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Metabolic Effect ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Pathological State ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Susceptible Tomato

Selenium (Se), silicon (Si) and nickel (Ni) are essential microelements in plants. Their deficiency can have a significant impact on the growth and development of plants, and on nematode infestation. The study of the possibility of regulating the interaction of plants with root-knot nematode by means of exogenous foliar treatments with solutions of nanosized Se, Si and Ni has been conducted. Susceptible tomato plants were treated in the seed phase and the growing plants were sprayed with aqueous solutions of nanosized microelements (Se – 0.6; Ni – 0.1; Si – 2 mg/l). The influence of treatments on the infestation of tomatoes by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita, as well as on the development of plants and the quantitative and qualitative composition of photosynthetic pigments, as the most sensitive indicator of the pathological state of plants, was studied. A decrease in the infestation of tomatoes with a nematode in the Se<Si<Ni series is shown. The treated plants were dominated by larvae. An increase in the entire pool of photosynthetic pigments or individual pigments was observed when treated with nanosized microelements. The greatest effect on the infestation of the root system, the development of nematodes and the content of photosynthetic pigments was obtained when plants were treated with nanosized nickel. It is obvious that these elements have an individual metabolic effect on plant tissues, but it is obvious that they have a beneficial effect on tomato plants, which allows us to consider them as inductors that increase resistance to root-knot nematode.

scholarly journals Systemically Induced Resistance and Microbial Competitive Exclusion: Implications on Biological Control

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Martinuz ◽  
A. Schouten ◽  
R. A. Sikora
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Competitive Exclusion ◽  
Spatial Separation ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Split Root ◽  
Induce Resistance

The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, is among the most damaging agricultural pests, particularly to tomato. The mutualistic endophytes Fusarium oxysporum strain Fo162 (Fo162) and Rhizobium etli strain G12 (G12) have been shown to systemically induce resistance toward M. incognita. By using triple-split-root tomato plants, spatially separated but simultaneous inoculation of both endophytes did not lead to additive reductions in M. incognita infection. More importantly, spatially separated inoculation of Fo162 and G12 led to a reduction in Fo162 root colonization of 35 and 39% when G12 was inoculated on a separate root section of the same plant in two independent experiments. In an additional split-root experiment, spatial separation of Fo162 and G12 resulted in a reduction of Fo162 root colonization of approximately 50% over the water controls in two independent experiments. The results suggested that the suppressive activity of G12 on Fo162 and M. incognita is possibly related to the induction of specific plant defense mechanisms. Thus, although Fo162 and G12 have the ability to systemically repress M. incognita infection in tomato, they can be considered incompatible biocontrol agents when both organisms are present simultaneously on the same root system.

Comparison of host recognition, invasion, development and reproduction of Meloidogyne graminicola and M. incognita on rice and tomato

Nematology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 509-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tushar K. Dutta ◽  
Stephen J. Powers ◽  
Brian R. Kerry ◽  
Hari S. Gaur ◽  
Rosane H.C. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Host Recognition ◽  
Cortical Region ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Meloidogyne Graminicola ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Tomato Roots

AbstractThe rice root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola normally infects rice, wheat and several other graminaceous plants. Meloidogyne incognita is a serious pest of dicotyledonous crops, although it can infect and reproduce on some cereals. This paper demonstrates and compares host recognition, development and reproduction of these two species of root-knot nematodes on rice and tomato plants. Attraction bioassays in pluronic gel clearly showed that M. incognita preferred tomato roots to rice or mustard roots, whilst M. graminicola was more attracted towards rice compared with tomato or mustard roots. Based on the attraction data from this study, it can be hypothesised that either: i) the blend of attractants and repellents are different in good and poor hosts; or ii) relatively long-range attractants, together with shorter-range repellents, might affect nematode movement patterns. Some host specific attractants might also be involved. Meloidogyne incognita was able to invade and develop to adult female but did not produce eggs in rice roots. By contrast, M. graminicola developed and reproduced faster on both rice and tomato plants compared with M. incognita. Nevertheless, second-stage juveniles of both these root-knot nematodes showed a similar pattern of distribution inside the roots, preferring to accumulate at the root tips of rice or in the vascular cylinder and cortical region of tomato.

Usage of green manure plants as cover-crops in controlling root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) on tomato, Lyco-persicon esculentum (Mill.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
L. D. Amarasinghe ◽  
N. W. Premachandra
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Juvenile Mortality ◽  
Plant Parts

This study was conducted to determine the nematicidal effect of aqueous extractions of dry plant materials, Tithonia diversifolia, Gliricidia sepium and Tagetes erecta on juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) and to determine the effect of dry leaves of wild sunflower, dry leaves of Gliri-cidia, and dry plant parts of marigold as cover crops on the growth of potted tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum (Mill.) infested with M. incognita. Nemati-cidal effect of aqueous extracts of T. diversifolia, G. sepium and T. erecta (20 g/ 100 mL w/v) were evaluated at 0.05 g/mL, 0.1 g/mL and 0.2 g/mL concentrations in the laboratory bioassay. Results revealed that 0.1 g/ mL and 0.2 g/ mL concentration of T. erecta and 0.2 g/mL concentration of T. diversifolia were very effective in juvenile mortality by over 50% within 48 hours com-pared to other treatments. T. erecta plant parts were the most effective causing above 70% juvenile mortality in 48 hours. M. incognita infested potted tomato plants supplement with dry plant parts of Marigold (2% w/w) showed; significantly higher number of green leaves (P=0.000, F=10.95); significantly lower number of yellow leaves (P=0.001, F=6.78); significantly high-er plant height (P=0.000, F=8.90), stem diameter (P=0.000, F=11.83), root length (P=0.000, F=14.71) and root weight (P=0.000, F=15.08); significantly lower number of root galls (P=0.000, F=116.74), gall index (P=0.000, F=95.80) and significantly lower population of M. incognita in soil (P=0.000, F=24.78) compared to other treatments. This study concludes that addition of botani-cals as cover crops enhanced plant growth and significantly reduced root-knot infestation in tomato plants.

scholarly journals Use of organic amendments in the management of root-knot nematode in lettuce

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia R Dias-Arieira ◽  
Danielle Mattei ◽  
Heriksen H Puerari ◽  
Regina CF Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Whey Protein ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Wood Chip ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Crambe Meal ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp

ABSTRACT: Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., are among the most important parasites of the lettuce crop. Managing these organisms is difficult due to limitations in genetic (use of resistant cultivars) and chemical control. Thus, new practices should be sought to reduce their reproduction. The present study aimed to evaluate the application of organic amendments in the control of Meloidogyne incognita in lettuce. At first, tomato plants were inoculated to establish an initial population in the soil. After 60 days, the aerial part was discarded, and the lettuce seedlings were transplanted into pots. Two days after transplanting, the treatments bokashi, crambe cake, whey protein, cottonseed composted and shredded wood chip composted were applied at 20 g or 20 mL per pot. Water was applied as control treatment. After 70 days, bokashi and crambe meal reduced the number of eggs/g of root and promoted plant growth. Results obtained with whey protein, cottonseed meal and composted shredded wood chip did not differ from those obtained with the control treatment. Bokashi and crambe cake are effective in the M. incognita control under controlled conditions.

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