Extraction of americium with benzyldimethyllaurylammonium nitrate from aqueous nitrate solutions

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1900-1907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Věra Jedináková ◽  
Jana Cibulková ◽  
Libor Kuča
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Distribution Ratio ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Extraction System ◽  
Salting Out ◽  
Extraction Mechanism ◽  
Nitrate Solutions

The extraction of Am(III) with benzyldimethyllaurylammonium nitrate from acidic nitrate solutions was studied. The effects of the kind and concentration of the salting-out agent, of the organic solvents, and of the concentrations of the other components in the extraction system on the distribution ratio values and applicability of this extracting agent to the separation of americium from lanthanoids are discussed. From the analytical data on the organic phase and from the infrared spectra, the composition of the extractable associates and their extraction mechanism were established.

Extraction of americium with benzyldibutylamine from nitrate solutions

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 2366-2372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Věra Jedináková ◽  
Jana Cibulková ◽  
Libor Kuča
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Nuclear Fission ◽  
Salting Out ◽  
Nitrate Medium ◽  
Separation Factors ◽  
Nitrate Solutions

The extraction of Am(III) with benzyldibutylamine from nitrate medium was examined in dependence on the concentration of nitric acid, kind and concentration of the salting-out agent in the aqueous phase, and on the solvent. Am(III) is extracted into the organic phase in the form of {(R3NH+)α, Am(NO3)52-}. The IR spectra of the organic phase are discussed and confronted with the results of the chemical analysis of the organic phase. The extraction of Am(III) and of lanthanoids was found to be considerably higher than that of some products of corrosion and nuclear fission (Cs, Sr, Zr, Fe), which is documented by the high values of the separation factors.

Extraction of indium(III) and antimony(III) from hydrochloric acid solutions by means of some neutral organophosphorus reagents

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1906-1912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oldřich Navrátil ◽  
Jiří Meindl ◽  
Jiří Kos
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Distribution Ratio ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Chloro Complexes ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid Solutions

Distribution of indium(III) and antimony(III) was examined between hydrochloric acid solutions and solutions of tri-n-butylphosphate (TBP), trialkyl- and triarylphosphine oxides (TGPO, G = phenyl (P), n-butyl (B), or n-octyl (O)), or tetra-n-butylammonium chloride (R4NCl) in benzene or other organic solvents. The extractability of indium into benzene decreases in the order TOPO > TBPO > TBP ~ TPPO. In the case of TOPO and TBPO, there is a pronounced maximum on the plots of log DIn vs c(HCl) in the region of c(HCl) = 3-6 mol l-1; this applies also to other organic solvents. The composition of the species transferred into the organic phase is probably HInCl4.2 TGPO. The distribution ratio of antimony(III) attains considerable value even in the absence of the organophosphorus reagents, which indicates that Sb chloro complexes themselves are extracted.

The composition of complexes in the organic phase during the extraction of Eu(III) and Am(III) by benzyldibutylamine and benzyltrialkylammonium nitrates

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-800
Author(s):  
Libor Kuča ◽  
Věra Jedináková ◽  
Lubomír Daňo
Keyword(s):  
Metal Complex ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Salts ◽  
Ammonium Salts ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Salting Out ◽  
Nitrate Ions ◽  
Nitrate Complexes ◽  
Composition Of Complexes ◽  
Nitrate Solutions

The extraction of americium and europium from acid nitrate solutions by benzene solutions of benzyldibutylamine nitrate (I) and quaternary ammonium salts benzyllauryldimethylammonium nitrate (II) and benzyltrioctylammonium nitrate (III) has been studied. During extraction with I, {(R3NH+)2, Me(NO3)2-5} is formed in the organic phase, extraction with II yields {(R4N+), Me(NO3)-4} and {(R4N+)2, Me(NO3)2-5} is formed during extraction with III. The concentration of nitrate ions does not have an unambiguous effect on the stoichiometry of the extraction. In addition to favouring the formation of the nitrate complexes of Am3+ and Eu3+, which are extracted by amines, nitrate ions also have a nonspecific salting out effect. The changes in the water content in the organic phase in dependence on the concentration of the metal complex suggests that the complex of Eu with II is not hydrated in the organic phase.

scholarly journals Extraction of macro quantities of scandium (III) in antipyrine-benzoic acid-water segregate system without the use of organic solvents

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-138
Author(s):  
Irina A. Starichenko ◽  
◽  
Mikhail I. Degtev ◽  
Yulia B. Elchischeva ◽  
Pavel V. Melnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Aqueous System ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Salting Out ◽  
Extraction Capacity ◽  
Maximum Extraction ◽  
Degree Of Extraction

The optimal conditions of separation of aqueous system containing antipyrine, benzoic acid, hydrochloric or nitric acids, inorganic salting-out agents, and water at 85 ° C have been determined. The resulting organic phase contains the antipyrinium benzoate salt, which is a phase former. It is shown that the concentration of hydrochloric and nitric acids in the range of 0,01–0,20 mol/l promotes the stratification of the system, and above 0.4 mol l leads to homogenization. The conditions for the quantitative or maximum extraction of macroquantities of scandium (III) in the studied systems were found and their extraction capacity was determined. Inorganic salting-out agents provide separation even in the presence of 0,5 mol/l hydrochloric or nitric acid, while the degree of extraction of scandium (III) ions is significantly increased.

Turnover and Distribution of 131Iodine-Labelled Human Fibrinogen

1964 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 404-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemarie Amris ◽  
C. J Amris
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cancer Patient ◽  
Distribution Ratio ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Human Fibrinogen ◽  
Coagulation Defects ◽  
Fractional Turnover

Summary14 patients (5 diabetics with arteriosclerotic complications, 4 patients with thrombo-embolic disease, 4 with cirrhosis, coagulation defects and increased fibrinolytic activity, and 1 cancer patient) and 3 control patients were subjected to turnover studies with 13iodine labelled human fibrinogen.Half-life times in the control patients were found to be 4 days, the fractional turnover rates 19–23 per cent, of intravascular fibrinogen per day, and the absolute turnover 0.02 to 0.06 gm per day per kg. body weight. The other patient’s half-life times and turnover rates varied considerably from 0.9–5.5 days, 13–160 per cent, per day of intravascular fibrinogen and 0.02–0.4 gm per day per kg. body weight respectively.As fibrinogen unlike other proteins subjected to turnover studies, is converted to fibrin, it is not possible to measure the true intra-extravascular distribution ratio of fibrinogen. But intravascular fibrinogen could be approximated to constitute 68–99 per cent, of the total fibrinogen. There is justification in believing that fibrinogen is degradated through a continuous coagulation in equilibrium with fibrinolysis, and that the organism contains a greater mass of fibrin, the “fibrin pool”. Considerations of the turnover mechanism can however only be hypothetical.

Extraction of hafnium(IV) with organophosphorus reagents from solutions of mineral acids mixtures

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 3656-3664
Author(s):  
Oldřich Navrátil ◽  
Jiří Smola ◽  
Rostislav Kolouch
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Perchloric Acid ◽  
Synergic Effect ◽  
Salting Out ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Mixed Complexes ◽  
Synergic Extraction ◽  
Mineral Acids

Extraction of hafnium(IV) was studied from solutions of mixtures of perchloric and nitric acids and of perchloric and hydrochloric acids for constant ionic strength, I = 2, 4, 6, or 8, and for cHf 4 . 10-4 mol l-1. The organic phase was constituted by solutions of some acidic or neutral organophosphorus reagents or of 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone, 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-5-pyrazolone, or N-benzoyl-N-phenylhydroxylamine in benzene, chloroform, or n-octane. A pronounced synergic extraction of hafnium proceeds only on applying organophosphorus reagents from an aqueous phase whose acidity is not lower than 3M-(HClO4 + HNO3) or 5M-(HClO4 + HCl). The synergic effect was not affected markedly by a variation of the initial concentration of hafnium in the range 1 . 10-8 -4 .10-4 mol l-1, it lowered with increasing initial concentration of the organophosphorus reagent and decreasing concentration of the H+ ions. It is suggested that the hafnium passes into the organic phase in the form of mixed complexes, the salting-out effect of perchloric acid playing an appreciable part.

Extraction of iron, cobalt, nickel and copper with dibenzyl sulfoxide solution in toluene

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 2024-2031 ◽  
Author(s):  
František Vláčil ◽  
Huynh Dang Khanh
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Distribution Ratio ◽  
Separation Factor ◽  
Chromatographic Separation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Iron Cobalt ◽  
Cobalt Nickel ◽  
Factor Α

The dependence of the distribution ratio of the metal on the concentration of hydrochloric of nitric acid was examined for Fe, Co, Ni and Cu extraction with 0.05M solution of dibenzylsulfoxide in toluene. Iron is extracted considerably more than the other metals, and is better extracted from hydrochloric acid than from nitric acid. The separation factor αFe/M (for 8M-HCl) is of the order of 104; this is not sufficient for a separation of trace quantities of iron from Co, Ni and Cu, but even at lower concentrations of HCl (e.g., 5M) the values is high enough for extraction chromatographic separation. The composition of the iron solvate extracted from HCl or LiCl medium was determined to be HFeCl4.2 B (B = dibenzyl sulfoxide).

Extraction of Am(III) by benzyldibutylamine from nitrate solutions of lanthanides

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Vojtíšková ◽  
Věra Jedináková ◽  
Libor Kuča
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Nuclear Fuel ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Spent Nuclear Fuel ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Separation Factors ◽  
Nitrate Solutions

Benzyldibutylamine is a suitable extractant for the separation of Am(III) and Ln(III) from the acidic nitrate solutions. The effect of lanthanides and yttrium on the extraction of Am(III) has been followed under the conditions modelling the content of these components in the spent nuclear fuel. The separation factors αAm/Ln were evaluated for the optimum conditions found for the separation of Am(III) from the lanthanides. The coextraction of nitric acid and water into the organic phase is discussed.

CO-ORDINATION COMPLEXES OF TITANIUM (IV) HALIDES: II. PREPARATION AND INFRARED SPECTRA OF THE COMPLEXES OF TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE WITH DIESTERS OF α,ω-DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND COMPARISON WITH ANALOGOUS COMPLEXES OF ZIRCONIUM TETRACHLORIDE AND TIN TETRACHLORIDE

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 2343-2352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest Rivet ◽  
Real Aubin ◽  
Roland Rivest
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Titanium Tetrachloride ◽  
Complex Molecule ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acids ◽  
The Other ◽  
Zirconium Tetrachloride ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
Zirconium Complexes ◽  
Tin Tetrachloride

Co-ordination complexes between diesters of α,ω-dicarboxylic acids and titanium tetrachloride, tin tetrachloride, and zirconium tetrachloride have been prepared. The analytical results, the infrared spectra, the melting points, and the molecular-weight determinations indicate that for the titanium and zirconium complexes, two types of complexes are obtained, one having a general formula MX4•1 diester in which chelate rings from five to nine atoms are formed and the other one, 2MX4•1 diester in which there are two 4-membered rings per complex molecule. With tin tetrachloride only one type of complex is formed, which has two tin tetrachlorides and two diesters per complex molecule.

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