Consensus on evidence-based medicine curriculum contents for healthcare schools in Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjebm-2020-111397
Author(s):  
Gabriela Andrade Araujo ◽  
Luis Claudio Lemos Correia ◽  
Julia Rodrigues Siqueira ◽  
Leandro Calazans Nogueira ◽  
Ney Meziat-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Total Workload

ObjectivesHealthcare professionals need to take into account their knowledge, skills and attitudes to develop a focused clinical question, perform an effective search of the literature, critically appraise the evidence, and apply to the clinical context and evaluate the effectiveness of the process. To date, there is a lack of consensus on evidence-based medicine (EBM) curriculum for undergraduate healthcare students in Brazil. The aim of this study was to develop a consensus on EBM curriculum contents for healthcare schools in Brazil considering expert opinion.DesignModified three-round Delphi methodology.SettingOnline survey.ParticipantsThe expert panel was composed of 40 healthcare professionals from different specialties. Most of the participants (n=24; 60%) were female with the age between 30 and 44 years. Participants were also experts in the field of epidemiology, biostatistics or public health. The mean experience of experts in teaching EBM was 9.5 years.Main outcome measuresAn online questionnaire consisting of 89 items related to EBM was sent to the experts. The experts ranked each item of EBM curriculum considering the importance of each item as omitted, mentioned, explained or practised. The last section of the questionnaire was composed of ‘additional content’ where the experts evaluated only if an item should be included or not, the form of offering the EBM contents and the total workload (in hours/semester). Open-ended questions were present in each section to give the opportunity to experts to insert suggestions. Items that reached values greater than or equal to 70% of agreement among experts was considered definitive for the curriculum. Items between 51% and 69% of agreement were included for the next round and those items with less than or equal to 50% of agreement were considered unnecessary and were excluded. In the third round, the EBM contents were classified according to the degree of consensus as follow: strong (≥70% of agreement), moderate (51%–69% of agreement) and weak (50% of agreement) based on the maximum consensus reached.ResultsOf the 89 initial contents, 32 (35.9%) reached a strong degree of consensus, 23 (25.8%) moderate degree of consensus, two (2.2%) weak degree of consensus and 35 items were not recommended (≤50% of agreement). The workload suggested by experts should be between 61 and 90 hour/semester and an EBM curriculum should be offered with epidemiology and biostatistics as prerequisites. Regarding the importance of each item, 29 (72.5%) should be explained and 25 (27.5%) should be practised with exercises.ConclusionsThe consensus on an EBM curriculum for Brazilian healthcare schools consists of 54 items. This EBM curriculum also presents the degree of consensus (strong, moderate and weak), the importance of each item (mentioned, explained and practised with exercises). A total workload of between 60 and 90 hours per semester was suggested and the EBM curriculum should be offered with epidemiology and biostatistics as prerequisites, but also EBM contents should be included within other disciplines throughout the entire undergraduate course.

scholarly journals Validity and reliability of the Noor Evidence-Based Medicine Questionnaire: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249660
Author(s):  
Mohd Noor Norhayati ◽  
Zanaridah Mat Nawi
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Based Medicine

Background Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is a widely accepted scientific advancement in clinical settings that helps achieve better, safer, and more cost-effective healthcare. However, presently, validated instruments to evaluate healthcare professionals’ attitude and practices toward implementing EBM are not widely available. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of a newly developed knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) questionnaire on EBM for use among healthcare professionals. Methods The Noor Evidence-Based Medicine Questionnaire was tested among physicians in a government hospital between July and August 2018. Exploratory factor analysis and internal consistency reliability-based Cronbach’s alpha statistic were conducted. Results The questionnaire was distributed among 94 physicians, and 90 responded (response rate of 95.7%). The initial number of items in the KAP domains of the Noor Evidence-Based Medicine Questionnaire were 15, 17, and 13, respectively; however, two items in the practice domain with communalities <0.25 and factor loadings <0.4 were removed. The factor structure accounted for 52.33%, 66.29%, and 55.39% of data variance in the KAP domains, respectively. Cronbach’s alpha values were 0.81, 0.81, and 0.84 for KAP domains, respectively, indicating high reliability. Conclusions This questionnaire can be used to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour of healthcare professionals toward EBM. Future testing of this questionnaire among other medical personnel groups will help expand the scope of this tool.

Exploring the Real World: Medical Librarians' Involvement in Supporting Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) Practice

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Li ◽  
Lin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Real World ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
The Real ◽  
Based Medicine

This paper reports the results of an online survey that explores medical librarians’ roles and activities in supporting EBM practice. More than 500 medical librarians replied to the survey. Data analysis reveals that librarians have been taking on various EBM-related responsibilities both routine by nature and project-related.Cet article présente les résultats d’un sondage en ligne portant sur les rôles et les activités des bibliothécaires du domaine des sciences de la santé pour soutenir les pratiques de médecine fondée sur les preuves (MFP). Plus de 500 bibliothécaires ont répondu au sondage. L’analyse des données révèlent que ces bibliothécaires ont participé à des activités routinières et à des projets relevant du domaine de la MFP. 

scholarly journals Nudging healthcare professionals towards evidence-based medicine: A systematic scoping review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosanna Nagtegaal ◽  
Lars Tummers ◽  
Mirko Noordegraaf ◽  
Victor Bekkers
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Information Overload ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Social Reference ◽  
Based Medicine

Translating medical evidence into practice is difficult. Key challenges in applying evidence-based medicine are information overload and that evidence needs to be used in context by healthcare professionals. Nudging (i.e. softly steering) healthcare professionals towards utilizing evidence-based medicine may be a feasible possibility. This systematic scoping review is the first overview of nudging healthcare professionals in relation to evidence-based medicine. We have investigated a) the distribution of studies on nudging healthcare professionals, b) the nudges tested and behaviors targeted, c) the methodological quality of studies and d) whether the success of nudges is related to context. In terms of distribution, we found a large but scattered field: 100 articles in over 60 different journals, including various types of nudges targeting different behaviors such as hand hygiene or prescribing drugs. Some nudges – especially reminders to deal with information overload – are often applied, while others - such as providing social reference points – are seldom used. The methodological quality is moderate. Success appears to vary in terms of three contextual characteristics: the task, organizational, and occupational contexts. Based on this review, we propose future research directions, particularly related to methods (preregistered research designs to reduce publication bias), nudges (using less-often applied nudges on less studied outcomes), and context (moving beyond one-size-fits-all approaches).

scholarly journals EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE IN THE TIMES OF COVID-19: A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY TO UNDERSTAND THE INDIAN PERSPECTIVE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karan B. Bhanushali ◽  
Nikita Gupta ◽  
Vinayak Mishra ◽  
Heena Asnani
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Based Medicine

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a tremendous amount of literature published regularly. In a country like India, historically, where there is a paternalistic approach to practicing medicine, there is a lot of hindrance to evidence-based medicine (EBM). Doctors have always weighed one's clinical experience superior over any other form of decision-making. This system of practice has made decision-making difficult for the physicians during this pandemic as COVID-19 is a reasonably new disease entity and the physicians lack enough 'prior experience' dealing with such a situation. Our survey tries to address the common barriers to evidence-based medical practices especially during the COVID-19 pandemic in India. We also try to explore the various source of information used by the doctors. Methods: It is a descriptive cross-sectional survey. The questions were provided in multiple-choice question format. An online survey comprising of 10 questions entitled “Hurdles faced by physicians to assimilate evidence-based guidelines on COVID-19” was made using Google Forms (Google Inc, California, US) and circulated through email to medical practitioners in the Ghatkopar (Mumbai, India) Medical Association's register from 17th June 2020 to 1st September 2020. Results: Our survey collected 213 responses, out of which 80.3% (n=171) of doctors were involved in care, counseling, or management of COVID-19 patients. The most opted primary sources for evidence-based information during this pandemic were teachings of/discussions with medical colleagues (71.4%, n=152), followed by online webinars (59.6%, n= 127) and social media (41.8%, n=89). When questioned about the main obstacles faced by them to obtain evidence-based information, the responses were as follows: Overload of medical literature (53.5%, n=114), limited access to quality resources (40.8%, n=87), unfamiliarity with the bio-statistics analysis (39%, n= 83), difficulty in locating relevant medical literature (38%, n=81), unfamiliarity with the research methodology (37.1%, n=79), lack of time (30%, n=64).  Our respondents' perspective concerning EBM attributes: 57.3% (n=122) think evidence-based practice takes their clinical experience into account. 93.4% (n=199) of them have shown an interest in broadening their skills. There was no significant difference between doctors' attitudes with less than 10 years and more than 10 years of experience (chi-square value = 0.857, p = 0.65). Conclusion: Our survey results highlight the balance maintained between evidence-based medicine and experience-based medicine by Indian physicians. They identify the importance of EBM while acknowledging its shortcomings. They realize the significance of developing their repertoire to understand, appraise, and practice EBM. Keywords: EBM, COVID-19

scholarly journals 777Teaching evidence-based medicine using authentic assessment the Whack-a-mole project

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Basia Diug ◽  
Bethany Howard ◽  
Kenneth Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Real World ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Authentic Assessment ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Authentic Assessments ◽  
Based Medicine

Abstract Introduction Authentic assessments facilitate student’s application of complex problem-solving skills and knowledge to real-world tasks. The whack-a-mole (WAM) project includes key critical thinking, biostatistics and epidemiology skills as well as elements of complexity and creativity skills that are particularly important when teaching evidence-based medicine to health professionals. Complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) provide the current context as they are widely used in the Australian population making them an important subject amongst primary health care professional and policy makers. Aim To report student perceptions and learning after completion of the real-world authentic assessment WAM. Methods WAM required students to choose, document, investigate, identify, critically appraise and report on a complementary medication for sale in Australia. A total 464 students enrolled in a 3rd Biomedical Science capstone unit completed the WAM project report and video assessments in teams. Data on student perceptions was collected using an online questionnaire and analysed using SPSS 25 and NVIVO 11. Results The average overall mark for the WAM assessment was 52/60 (86%). 116 students (25%) completed the online questionnaire of which 92% of students indicated the whack-a-mole project changed their perceptions of complementary medicine and/or the regulation of goods and services in Australia. The majority of students found no (43%) or insufficient (55%) evidence to support product claims. These findings were supported by qualitative feedback. Conclusion Students applied the principles of EBM to the WAM project and in doing so altered their perceptions of CAM, regulation and scientific evidence. Key messages Authentic assessments play a key role in engaging student in real-world problem solving to advance their critical thinking and evidence-based medicine.

scholarly journals Evaluation of HIV/AIDS-related mobile health applications content using an evidence-based content rating tool

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Raeesi ◽  
Reza Khajouei ◽  
Leila Ahmadian
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Health ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Mobile Health Applications ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Google Play ◽  
Health Applications ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Despite the increasing number of mobile health applications, the validity of their content is understudied. The objective of this study was to rate the content of HIV/AIDS-related mobile applications and to determine the extent to which evidence-based medicine is being incorporated into their content using a new tool called the Evidence-based content rating tool of mobile health applications (EBCRT-mHealth). Methods All available HIV/AIDS-related applications in Iran from Cafe Bazaar and Google Play Store were evaluated. This study was first conducted in 2018, then after almost two years in 2021 was done again. In this study, researchers developed the EBCRT-mHealth tool to rate the content of applications based on the evidence-based medicine pyramid. Its reliability was calculated (α = 0.78), and five specialists confirmed its validity. Two reviewers independently reviewed all HIV/AIDS applications directly downloaded and installed from the Google Play Store and Cafe Bazaar. Results Out of 980 retrieved applications, in 2018, 85, and in 2021, 78 applications were included in the study. Only in 17 (28%) out of the 60 in 2018, and 25 (51%) in 2021 Google Play store applications the source of content information was mentioned. All Cafe Bazaar mobile applications mentioned the source of information. The mean rating of all application content in 2018 was 2.38 (SD = 0.74), and in 2021 was 2.90 (SD = 1.35) out of 5. The mean rating of the content of Cafe Bazaar applications in 2018 was 2.10 (SD = 0.49), and in 2021 was 1.94 (SD = 0.29). The mean content rating of Google Play store applications in 2018 was 2.50 (SD = 0.80) and in 2021 was 3.86 (SD = 1.18). Conclusion After two years, the rating of the content of HIV/AIDS-related applications available in Iran that existed in Cafe Bazaar decreased from "poor" to "inappropriate". Also, the content score of the Google Play Store applications increased from "poor" to "good". It is critical to ensure the credibility of the sources used in developing their content and removing applications with inappropriate and unreliable content from the App Stores. Also, mobile health application developers should use the highest quality information in their applications.

scholarly journals Keeping up with Best Evidence: What Resources are Available?

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasir Hussain ◽  
Mohit Bhandari ◽  
Sarah Turvey
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Medical Journals ◽  
Orthopedic Surgeons ◽  
Allied Healthcare ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Quality Evidence

ABSTRACT Evidence-based medicine (EBM) teaches physicians to base their decisions and actions on the best available scientific evidence in conjunction with their own expertise and the patient's values and preferences; however, this can be very time consuming as a one has to stay current and up-to-date with the most recent evidence. Several point-of-care databases, such as Up To Date and Dynamed, have been developed that distill the contents of medical journals into summaries with guidelines for practice in order to aid in EBM approach, but these also come with various limitations. Due to this, tools specific to surgical specialties are now beginning to be developed that systematically collect, appraise and summarize top quality evidence. One such tool is Ortho Evidence, which is an openaccess tool for orthopedic surgeons, researchers and allied healthcare professionals. How to cite this article Hussain N, Turvey S, Bhandari M. Keeping up with Best Evidence: What Resources are Available? J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2012;46(1):4-7.

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