scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors of post-traumatic stress disorder among emergency responders of Addis Ababa Fire and Emergency Control and Prevention Service Authority, Ethiopia: institution-based, cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e020705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yodit Habtamu Bezabh ◽  
Solomon Mekonnen Abebe ◽  
Tolesa Fanta ◽  
Agitu Tadese ◽  
Mikiyas Tulu
Keyword(s):  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emergency Control ◽  
Emergency Responders ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Prevention Service ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Traumatic

ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence and associated factors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among emergency responders at Addis Ababa Fire and Emergency Control and Prevention Service Authority, Ethiopia.DesignInstitution-based, cross-sectional design.SettingThe study was conducted at the Fire and Emergency Control and Prevention Service Authority, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Participants603 emergency responders who worked in the Fire and Emergency Control and Prevention Authority during the study period.MeasurementData were collected using a self-administered questionnaire: an adaptation of the standardised PTSD Checklist–Civilian Version. The questionnaire was administered to subjects on duty. Social support was measured using the Oslo 3-Item Social Support Scale, while other stressful life events were measured using the List of Threatening Experiences, that is, experiencing one or more stressful life events in the last 6 months. Reliability and construct validity were verified. To be diagnosed with PTSD, a subject must display at least three different types of symptoms at once. Coded variables were entered into Epi Info V.3.5.1 and then exported to SPSS V.20 for analysis. Descriptive and bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions and 95% CI were employed to establish and test statistically significant associations.ResultsA total of 603 subjects participated in the study, with 19.9% prevalence rate of PTSD (95% CI 16.9 to 23.1). The study found family history of mental illness (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.82; 95% CI 1.65 to 4.84), longer years of service (AOR=2.67; 95% CI 1.54 to 4.63), as well as prolonged exposure to emergency situations (AOR=0.44; 95% CI 0.24 to 0.84) and road traffic accidents (AOR=2.71; 95% CI 1.67 to 4.42) as significant predictors of PTSD among emergency responders.ConclusionThe prevalence of PTSD was high among the study population. Family history of mental illness, length of service, duration of exposure and type of exposure were found to be associated with PTSD. Mental health education and linking emergency responders with available mental health services/facilities should be prioritised to mitigate the problem.

scholarly journals Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder and associated factors among Koshe landslide survivors, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a community-based, cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e028550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sintayehu Asnakew ◽  
Shegaye Shumet ◽  
Worknesh Ginbare ◽  
Getasew Legas ◽  
Kalkidan Haile
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Traumatic

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and associated factors among the survivors of Koshe landslide, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2018.DesignCommunity-based cross-sectional design.SettingKoshe landslide, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.ParticipantsWe recruited 830 participants for interviews using the simple random sampling technique.MeasurementWe collected data by face-to-face interviews. The civilian version of the PTSD checklist was used to measure the symptoms of the disorder. The Perceived Stress Scale and the Oslo-3 social support instruments were used to assess the factors. Coded variables were entered into Epi data V.4.2 and exported to SPSS V.24 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions with OR and 95% CI were employed.ResultA total of 830 participants were interviewed, with a response rate of 98.2%. The prevalence of PTSD was 37.3% with 95% CI 34.1 to 40.8. In the multivariate logistic regression, female sex (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=1.74, 95% CI 1.21 to 2.50), divorce (AOR=2.08, 95% CI 1.26 to 3.43), sustained physical injury (AOR=8.28, 95% CI 5.04 to 13.61), history of mental illness (AOR=5.55, 95% CI 2.30 to 13.36), family history of mental illness (AOR=2.82, 95% CI 1.48 to 5.37), poor social support (AOR=3.64, 95% CI 1.99 to 6.69) and high perceived stress (AOR=3.08, 95% CI 1.43 to 6.64) were associated with PTSD.Conclusion and recommendationsThe prevalence of PTSD among the survivors of Koshe landslide was high. We recommend that an early PTSD-focused regular screening be carried out by trained health professionals; linkage with mental health service providers also needs to be considered.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Among a Cohort of Post-Partum Sri Lankan women: A Cross Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wedisha Imal Gankanda ◽  
I.A.G.M.P Gunathilake ◽  
N.L. Kahawala ◽  
A.K.P. Ranaweera
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Verbal Abuse ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Postpartum Ptsd ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Traumatic

Abstract BackgroundPost-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) usually follows a catastrophic event. However, the experience of child birth can be severe enough to cause PTSD in some women.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in field clinics of a semi-urban area. A pre-tested interviewer administered checklist was used to collect socio-demographic and pregnancy related data. Pre-existing self-administered, validated Sinhalese versions of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and PTSD Symptom Scale-Self Report (PSS-SR) were used to assess the presence of Post-Partum Depression (PPD) and PTSD, respectively. Each participant was assessed at one, two and six months after the delivery for PTSD and PPD. Scores of PPD >9 and PSS-SR >13 were taken as positive for the two conditions, respectively. ResultsData was obtained from 225 women who were at their first month postpartum, for the initial study. The response rate at their follow-up visits at the second and sixth months were 95% (n=214) and 94% (n=211). The point prevalence of postpartum PTSD was recorded as 2.7% (n=6), 0.9% (n=2) and 0.5% (n=1) at their first, second and sixth month postpartum, respectively. A period prevalence of 3.6% was observed over 6 months. Verbal abuse during labour (p=0.04) and the presence of postpartum depression (P≤0.001) were significantly associated with postpartum PTSD. There were no significant associations between PTSD and gestational age at delivery, whether it was a pregnancy planned ahead or not, a history of subfertility, family history of psychiatric disorders, intimate partner violence, receiving antenatal counseling, type and mode of delivery, duration of labour, presence of a labour companion, mental trauma, presence of post-partum hemorrhage, manual removal of placenta, negative birth experience, low APGAR score of the baby at delivery, receiving neonatal and maternal intensive care, birth defects, problems with breast feeding or opportunities to discuss problems with a health care worker. ConclusionsPrevalence of postpartum PTSD in this semi-urban community during the study period was 3.6%; which is in par with the overall global prevalence. PTSD was significantly associated with verbal abuse during labour and postpartum depression.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among a cohort of Srilankan post-partum mothers: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wedisha Imal Gankanda ◽  
Ileperuma Arachchige Gayani Malsha Gunathilake ◽  
Nalaka Lasantha Kahawala ◽  
Augustus Keshala Probhodana Ranaweera
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Postpartum Ptsd ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Traumatic

Abstract Background Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) usually follows a catastrophic event. However, the experience of child birth can be severe enough to cause PTSD in some women. The aim of this study is to highlight the prevalence of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder among a cohort of postpartum mothers. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in field clinics of a semi-urban area in Sri Lanka. A pre-tested interviewer administered checklist was used to collect socio-demographic and pregnancy related data. Pre-existing self-administered, validated Sinhalese versions of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and PTSD Symptom Scale-Self Report (PSS-SR) were used to assess the presence of Post-Partum Depression (PPD) and PTSD, respectively. Each participant was assessed for PTSD and PPD after one, two and six months following delivery. Scores of PPD > 9 and PSS-SR > 13 were taken as screening positive for the two conditions, respectively. Results Two hundred and twenty-five mothers at the end of postpartum one month were recruited for the study. The response rate at their follow-up visits at the second and sixth months were 95 % (n = 214) and 93 % (n = 211). The prevalence of postpartum PTSD was 2.7 % (n = 6), 0.9 % (n = 2) and 0.5 % (n = 1) after one, two and sixth months respectively. Prevalence of postpartum PTSD was 3.6 % over 6 months. Verbal abuse during labour (p = 0.04) and the presence of postpartum depression (P ≤ 0.001) were significantly associated with postpartum PTSD. There were no significant associations between PTSD and gestational age at delivery, index pregnancy being a planned pregnancy, a history of subfertility, family history of psychiatric disorders, intimate partner violence, receiving antenatal counseling, type and mode of delivery, duration of labour, presence of a labour companion, post-partum hemorrhage, manual removal of placenta, negative birth experience, low APGAR score of the baby at delivery, receiving neonatal and maternal intensive care, birth defects, problems with breast feeding or opportunity to discuss with a health care worker. Conclusions Prevalence of postpartum PTSD in this community-based study is 3.6 %; which is comparable with the overall global prevalence. PTSD was significantly associated with verbal abuse during labour and postpartum depression.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors with mental health outcomes among interns and residents physicians during COVID-19 epidemic in Panama: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward A. Espinosa-Guerra ◽  
Edgar R. Rodríguez-Barría ◽  
Christl A. Donnelly ◽  
Jean-Paul Carrera
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Interns And Residents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Traumatic

AbstractBackgroundA new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 was associated with a newly identified respiratory syndrome, COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, in early December 2019. SARS-CoV-2 rapidly spread across the globe resulting in 117 million cases and 2.59 million deaths by March 2021. Rapidly increased numbers of COVID-19 cases overwhelmed public health systems across the world, imposing increased working hours and workloads for health care workers. Here, we have evaluated the prevalence of health outcomes and associated factors of interns and resident physicians in Panama.MethodsA cross-sectional study was undertaken during July 23, 2020, to August 13, 2020, to evaluate the prevalence of health outcomes and associated factors in interns and residents across Panama. Snowball sampling was used to recruit participants. Then an electronic questionnaire with scales to evaluate anxiety disorders (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9) and post-traumatic stress (IES-R) was evaluated. In addition, socio-demographic variables, clinical history of mental disorders and COVID-19 exposure were evaluated. Independent analyses for each mental health outcome were undertaken using a logistic regression analysis.ResultsA total of 517/1205 (42.9%) interns and residents were nationwide recruited. Of these 274 (53.0%) were interns and 243 (47.0%) residents. The overall prevalence of depression symptoms was 25.3%, 13.7% anxiety and 12.2% post-traumatic stress. At least, 9.3% participants reported having suicidal ideation.The most parsimonious model showed females had a higher prevalence of mental health disorders, in all results and the married participants were more likely to present depression (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.03-2.91; P = 0.039) or at least one alteration to mental health (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.03-2.68; P = 0.039). Resident physicians in surgical specialties were less likely to have post-traumatic stress (OR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.06-0.63; P = 0.006) or at least one mental health disturbance (OR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.26-0.83; P = 0.010). A history of psychological trauma and psychiatric pathology were risk factors for most of the disorders investigated.ConclusionsA high prevalence of mental health disorders was found, showing the need to mitigate this emotional burden among healthcare workers in the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Effort-Reward Imbalance and Post-Traumatic Stress After a Workplace Terror Attack

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-224
Author(s):  
Camilla Hem ◽  
Morten Birkeland Nielsen ◽  
Marianne Bang Hansen ◽  
Trond Heir
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extra Effort ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Reward Imbalance

AbstractObjectiveFollowing adverse work conditions, health consequences can be explained by an imbalance between the effort made and the reward received. We investigated the association between extra effort, perceived reward, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The Effort-Reward Imbalance Model was used to examine whether extra effort at work in the aftermath of a workplace-related terrorist attack affected the risk of PTSD and the effects of reward for extra effort from a leader or colleagues.MethodsCross-sectional data were collected 10 months after a terrorist attack in Norway in 2011. Out of 3520 Ministry employees invited, 1927 agreed to participate. Employees reported any extra effort performed as a result of the bomb explosion and any reward received from a leader or colleagues. PTSD was assessed with the PTSD Checklist.ResultsEmployees who reported extra effort displayed increased risk for PTSD (odds ratio [OR]=1.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15-2.55, P=0.008). Perceived reward for extra effort from a leader was associated with lower risk for PTSD (OR=0.39, 95% CI: 0.23-0.64, P<0.001) but not perceived reward from colleagues.ConclusionsExtra effort may increase the risk of PTSD, but reward from a leader may mitigate this effect. The Effort-Reward Imbalance Model appears to be an appropriate approach that may contribute to understanding of the etiology of work-related PTSD. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:219–224)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document