scholarly journals Adaptation of the DEMQOL-Proxy for routine use in care homes: a cross-sectional study of the reliability and validity of DEMQOL-CH

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e028045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J Hughes ◽  
Nicolas Farina ◽  
Thomas E Page ◽  
Naji Tabet ◽  
Sube Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Care Homes ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Performance

ObjectiveTo investigate the routine use of a measure of quality of life (QoL) in care homes and assess its psychometric properties when used by care staff.DesignA cross-sectional two-phase study.Setting and participantsData were collected from care staff in seven care homes in East Sussex, England.MethodPhase I: The ability of care staff from two care homes to use the DEMQOL-Proxy without interviewer administration was assessed using agreement analysis between a self-administered and interviewer-administered version of the instrument. Based on these findings, DEMQOL-Proxy was adapted into a new version, DEMQOL-CH, for use as a self-administered instrument in care homes. We assessed agreement between the new DEMQOL-CH and DEMQOL-Proxy to ensure DEMQOL-CH was used correctly. Phase II: A preliminary assessment of the psychometric properties of DEMQOL-CH when used routinely was completed in a further five care homes.ResultsPhase I: Nineteen care staff from two care homes completed QoL measurements for residents. Systematic error was identified when staff self-completed the DEMQOL-Proxy without an interviewer. We modified the DEMOoL-Proxy to create DEMQOL-CH; this reduced the error, producing a version that could be used more accurately by care staff. Phase II: Eleven care staff from five care homes rated resident QoL routinely. DEMQOL-CH showed acceptable psychometric properties with satisfactory reliability and validity and a clear factor structure.ConclusionsThe research presents positive preliminary data on the acceptability, feasibility and performance of routine QoL measurement in care homes using an adapted version of DEMQOL-Proxy, the DEMQOL-CH. Results provide evidence to support the concept that routine measurement of QoL may be possible in care homes. Research is needed to refine and test the methodology and instrument further and to explore the potential for benefits to residents, staff and care homes in larger and more representative populations.

scholarly journals Augmented pseudo-likelihood estimation for two-phase studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 344-358
Author(s):  
Claudia Rivera-Rodriguez ◽  
Sebastien Haneuse ◽  
Molin Wang ◽  
Donna Spiegelman
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Weighted Likelihood ◽  
Finite Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pseudo Likelihood ◽  
Pseudo Likelihood Estimation

In many public health and medical research settings, information on key covariates may not be readily available or too expensive to gather for all individuals in the study. In such settings, the two-phase design provides a way forward by first stratifying an initial (large) phase I sample on the basis of covariates readily available (including, possibly, the outcome), and sub-sampling participants at phase II to collect the expensive measure(s). When the outcome of interest is binary, several methods have been proposed for estimation and inference for the parameters of a logistic regression model, including weighted likelihood, pseudo-likelihood and maximum likelihood. Although these methods yield consistent estimation and valid inference, they do so solely on the basis of the phase I stratification and the detailed covariate information obtained at phase II. Moreover, they ignore any additional information that is readily available at phase I but was not used as part of the stratified sampling design. Motivated by the potential for efficiency gains, especially concerning parameters corresponding to the additional phase I covariates, we propose a novel augmented pseudo-likelihood estimator for two-phase studies that makes use of all available information. In contrast to recently-proposed weighted likelihood-based methods that calibrate to the influence function of the model of interest, the methods we propose do not require the development of additional models and, therefore, enjoy a degree of robustness. In addition, we expand the broader framework for pseudo-likelihood based estimation and inference to permit link functions for binary regression other than the logit link. Comprehensive simulations, based on a one-time cross sectional survey of 82,887 patients undergoing anti-retroviral therapy in Malawi between 2005 and 2007, illustrate finite sample properties of the proposed methods and compare their performance competing approaches. The proposed method yields the lowest standard errors when the model is correctly specified. Finally, the methods are applied to a large implementation science project examining the effect of an enhanced community health worker program to improve adherence to WHO guidelines for at least four antenatal visits, in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

scholarly journals Cyberbullying among Adolescents: Psychometric Properties of the CYB-AGS Cyber-Aggressor Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Buelga ◽  
Javier Postigo ◽  
Belén Martínez-Ferrer ◽  
María-Jesús Cava ◽  
Jessica Ortega-Barón
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cyber Aggression ◽  
Institutional Authority ◽  
Positive Correlations

The present study aims to analyze the psychometric properties of the revised version of the Adolescent Cyber-Aggressor scale (CYB-AGS). This scale is composed of 18 items that measure direct and indirect cyberbullying. A cross-sectional study was conducted using two independent samples of adolescents. The first sample included 1318 adolescents (52.6% girls) from 12 to 16 years old (M = 13.89, SD = 1.32). The second sample included 1188 adolescents (48.5% boys) from 12 to 16 years old (M = 14.19, SD = 1.80). First, to study the psychometric properties of the CYB-AGS, exploratory factor analysis was performed on Sample 1. Results indicated a two-factor structure: direct cyber-aggression and indirect cyber-aggression. Second, to verify the structure of the CYB-AGS, we selected Sample 2 to conduct confirmatory factor analysis and test the scale’s convergent validity with theoretically-related measures. Results confirmed the reliability and validity of the two-dimensional model. Moreover, measurement invariance was established. Finally, regarding convergent validity, positive correlations were obtained between cyberbullying and aggressive behaviors in school, anger expression, negative attitudes towards school, and transgression of norms. Furthermore, negative correlations were found between cyberbullying and attitudes towards institutional authority.

scholarly journals Severe Asthma Management, Patient Pathway, and Disease Burden in Russia: Country Results From Multi-Country Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaurbek Aisanov ◽  
Oksana Kurbacheva ◽  
Alexander Emelyanov ◽  
Galina Ignatova ◽  
Lindsey Teichman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Healthcare Resource ◽  
Asthma Management ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Eosinophil ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Reported

Abstract Background Severe asthma is a poorly controlled disease in Russia which leads to significant healthcare resource use and costs. However, little is known about its burden and management in a real clinical practice in Russia. Here we report the results obtained in the Russian population during an international cross-sectional study. Methods The study comprised two phases: in Phase I data were collected retrospectively from medical records, while Phase II was a cross-sectional collection of patient-reported outcomes and up-to-date data. For Phase I, adult patients with severe asthma according to ERS/ATS criteria were enrolled. Phase I patients were enrolled into Phase II if they signed a written consent form. Data on demographics, history of asthma and comorbidities, treatment approach, and healthcare resource utilization were obtained in both phases. In Phase II, asthma control and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were also evaluated. Results A total of 315 patients were included in Phase I of the study, 106 (33.6%) of them entered Phase II of the study. The study population included more female (n=211, 67.0%) than male patients (n=104, 33.0%). Majority of subjects were either obese (n=103, 39.8%) or overweight (n=94, 36.3%). The most common comorbidity was cardiovascular disease (n=217, 71.4%), followed by chronic respiratory disease (n=198, 68.8%), including COPD and allergies. Mean (SD) age at diagnosis of asthma and severe asthma were 42.9 (16.0) and 53.1 (13.2) years, respectively. There were 268 (85.1%) patients who had at least one exacerbation during last 12 months. Most subjects had only one blood eosinophil count in the last 12 months (n=143, 81.3%). Mean (SD) FEV1 was 56.9 (20.4) % predicted. The mean (SD) last serum IgE/(RAST) value was 254.3 (249.7) ng/mL. Asthma management was generally in line with guidelines. Most patients had poorly controlled asthma according to the ACT and impaired HRQoL. Conclusions In Russia, severe asthma patients had poor disease control, high hospital admission rates and multiple comorbidities. Eosinophil and IgE level measurements are not considered routine tests which might be a barrier for appropriate phenotyping and treatment selection, including prescription of biologics in course of disease management.

scholarly journals The Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM-12)

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Ghahremani ◽  
Fahimeh Fathali Lavasani ◽  
Mahdieh Moinalghorabaei ◽  
Mahmood Dehghani ◽  
Hojjatollah Farahani
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Persian Version ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Youth Resilience

Background: Resilience is a dynamic system for successful adjustment with various circumstances, particularly adverse living conditions. In this respect, the Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM-12) can simultaneously assess the individual, relational, contextual, and cultural resources of resilience. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of CYRM-12 in Iranian youth. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total number of 440 students aged 14 - 18 years were enrolled. The students were studying in middle and high schools (the academic year of 2019 - 2020) in the city of Islamshahr, Iran, and were selected using random cluster sampling. Data collection questionnaires included the CYRM-12, CYRM-28, Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS), and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Results: Our results supported the one-factor structure and showed that the given measure had a good fit (χ2/DF = 2.63, RMSEA = 0.06, CFI = 0.95, and GFI = 0.95). The internal consistency measured by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was also satisfactory (0.79). As well, the test-retest reliability determined by Pearson’s correlation coefficient (with a two-week interval) was obtained 0.70. Moreover, this scale had acceptable convergent and divergent validities. Conclusions: The Persian version of the CYRM-12 delivered good reliability and validity to assess resilience in Iranian youth.

Psychometric Properties of Three Medication Adherence Scales in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Salt ◽  
Lynne Hall ◽  
Ann R. Peden ◽  
Rob Horne
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Adherence Scale

Patient adherence to their health care protocols is important to encourage the best health outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA); however, little attention has been given to assessing the psychometric properties of adherence measures in this patient population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of three existing self-report measures of medication adherence in a sample of patients with RA—the Compliance-Questionnaire-Rheumatology (CQR), the Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS), and the Medication Adherence Scale (MAS). A cross-sectional study of 108 clinic patients with rheumatoid arthritis was conducted to evaluate the reliability and validity of the measures. Cronbach’s alpha was .77 for both the CQR and a modified version of the MARS. For the MAS, the Kuder-Richardson 20 reliability was .25. Although not strong, test-retest reliability was adequate for all measures. Factor analysis indicated that both the MARS and the CQR measure two factors. All three instruments were moderately correlated with each other, with correlations ranging between .48 and .56. Although these scales were significantly correlated, moderate correlations among the scales indicate that they may not measure the same aspects of adherence. Among the three adherence measures, the modified MARS demonstrated the best evidence of reliability and validity and ease of administration in this sample of persons with RA.

Wellness-Promoting Practices Through Girl Scouts: A Pragmatic Superiority Randomized Controlled Trial With Additional Dissemination

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1544-1554
Author(s):  
Brooke J. Cull ◽  
David A. Dzewaltowski ◽  
Justin M. Guagliano ◽  
Sara K. Rosenkranz ◽  
Cassandra K. Knutson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Online Training ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Girl Scout ◽  
Practice Implementation

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of in-person versus online Girl Scout leader wellness training for implementation of wellness-promoting practices during troop meetings (phase I) and to assess training adoption and current practices across the council (phase II). Design: Pragmatic superiority trial (phase 1) followed by serial cross-sectional study (phase II). Setting: Girl Scout troop meetings in Northeast Kansas. Participants: Eighteen troop leaders from 3 counties (phase 1); 113 troop leaders from 7 counties (phase II). Intervention: Phase I: Troop leaders attended 2 wellness training sessions (first in groups, second individually), wherein leaders set wellness-promoting practice implementation goals, self-monitored progress, and received guidance and resources for implementation. Leaders received the intervention in person or online. Measures: Phase I: At baseline and postintervention, leaders completed a wellness-promoting practice implementation questionnaire assessing practices during troop meetings (max score = 11). Phase II: Leaders completed a survey about typical troop practices and interest in further training. Analysis: Phase I: Generalized linear mixed modeling. Results: Phase I: In-person training increased wellness-promoting practice implementation more than online training (in person = 2.1 ± 1.8; online = 0.2 ± 1.2; P = .022). Phase II: Fifty-six percent of leaders adopted the training. For 8 of 11 wellness categories, greater than 50% of leaders employed wellness-promoting practices. Conclusion: In-person training was superior to online training for improvements in wellness-promoting practices. Wellness training was adopted by the majority of leaders across the council.

scholarly journals Portuguese validation of the Symptom Inventory of the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 999-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriane Cristina Bernat Kolankiewicz ◽  
Edvane Birelo Lopes De Domenico ◽  
Luís Felipe Dias Lopes ◽  
Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza Magnago
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Symptom Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptom Inventory ◽  
Brazilian Version ◽  
Md Anderson

Objective To analyze the reliability and validity of the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the instrument for symptom assessment, titled MD Anderson Symptom Inventory - core. Method A cross-sectional study with 268 cancer patients in outpatient treatment, in the municipality of Ijuí, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Results The Cronbach’s alpha for the MDASI general, symptoms and interferences was respectively (0.857), (0.784) and (0.794). The factor analysis showed adequacy of the data (0.792). In total, were identified four factors of the principal components related to the symptoms. Factor I: sleep problems, distress (upset), difficulties in remembering things and sadness. Factor II: dizziness, nausea, lack of appetite and vomiting. Factor III: drowsiness, dry mouth, numbness and tingling. Factor IV: pain, fatigue and shortness of breath. A single factor was revealed in the component of interferences with life (0.780), with prevalence of activity in general (59.7%), work (54.9%) and walking (49.3%). Conclusion The Brazilian version of the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory - core showed adequate psychometric properties in the studied population.

scholarly journals Reliability and Validity of the Lithuanian Version of CASP-19: A Quality of Life Questionnaire for the Elderly

Medicina ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrejus Černovas ◽  
Vidmantas Alekna ◽  
Marija Tamulaitienė ◽  
Rimantas Stukas
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Internal Consistency ◽  
State Examination

Introduction: Ageing is associated with several physical, psychological, and behavioral changes. These changes are closely related with general health problems and quality of life in old age. The CASP-19 multidimensional instrument was specially designed to measure quality of life in the elderly. The different language versions of this scale have been used in more than 20 countries. However, Lithuanian translation was not available. The objective of our study was to test psychometric properties of the Lithuanian version of the CASP-19 questionnaire. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with ambulatory men and women aged 60 and older, living in a community in Vilnius, Lithuania. Exclusion criteria were current acute illness, malignant tumor, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score < 25 points. Psychometric properties of CASP-19 were tested using reliability and validity methods. Results: The study sample consisted of 132 participants, 28 (21.8%) of them were men and 103 (78.2%) women. Analysis of psychometric properties of the Lithuanian version of CASP-19 showed high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha 0.85), good agreement between test-retest measures with an ICC of 0.82 (95% CI 0.79–0.85) and good convergent and divergent construct validity. Conclusions: The psychometric properties indicated that the Lithuanian version of CASP-19 was reliable and valid. As such, it might be used to evaluate quality of life in elderly people.

Frequency of Neck and Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders in Dentists

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-211
Author(s):  
Sidra Sarwar ◽  
Sara Khalid ◽  
Tahir Mahmood ◽  
Hadeeqa Jabeen ◽  
Shahid Imran
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
And Performance

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are not only becoming prevalent among health care professionals in our country but are affecting their health and performance adversely. They are caused by poor ergonomics and awkward posture during work activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of neck and upper limb musculoskeletal disorders in dentists of Lahore, Pakistan. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during October 2017 to March 2018. The data was collected using convenient sampling technique from 162 Dentists including 52 males and 110 females of Children hospital Lahore, Punjab Dental hospital and Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore. Data was collected by using Mangalore Questionnaire for identification of musculoskeletal disorders. Descriptive analysis of the data was done using SPSS version 22.0. Results: Of 162 dentists, 115 (71%) suffered from musculoskeletal disorders. Shoulder was the most commonly affected region (30.9%) followed by neck (25.9%), arm (6.2%), wrist (4.3%), elbow (3.1%) and forearm (0.6%). Pain (45.7%) was found to be the most common complaint followed by muscle weakness (20.4%), paraesthesia (3.7%) and swelling (1.2%). Conclusions: It was concluded that majority of the dentists were suffering from musculoskeletal disorders with shoulder as the most affected region and pain as the most frequent complaint. Key words: Dentists, Musculoskeletal disorders, Neck pain, Upper extremity

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