scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with false hyperkalaemia in Asians in primary care: a cross-sectional study (the Unlysed Hyperkalaemia- the Unseen Burden (UHUB) study)

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e033755
Author(s):  
Alicia Ying Ying Boo ◽  
Yi Ling Eileen Koh ◽  
Pei Lin Hu ◽  
Ngiap Chuan Tan
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Serum Potassium ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Care Clinics ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Beta Coefficient ◽  
Study Population

Serum potassium is part of routine laboratory tests done for patients with hypertension or diabetes mellitus in primary care. Those found to have raised potassium (K>5.5 mmol/L) are recalled for repeat potassium in emergency departments or primary care clinics. Repeat potassium are often normal (≤5.5 mmo/L), that is, false hyperkalaemia. Haemolysis is known to cause false hyperkalaemia. We postulated that unlysed false hyperkalamia was prevalent and was associated with factors such as delayed processing time.ObjectiveWe aimed to determine the prevalence of unlysed false hyperkalaemia and the factors associated with false-and-true-hyperkalaemia.SettingOutpatients in a cluster of public primary care clinics (polyclinics) in Singapore.ParticipantsAll patients of any ethnicity aged ≥21 with serum potassium test done.MethodsElectronic health records of index patients with potassium >5.5 mmol/L and its corresponding laboratory processing time in seven local polyclinics were reviewed between August 2015 and August 2017. Haemolysed specimens and patients on sodium polystyrene sulfonate (SPS) suspension were excluded. If repeat potassium level was ≤5.5 mmol/L within 8 days, the case was defined as false hyperkalaemia. The proportion of such patients was computed to determine its prevalence. Linear and logistic regressions were used to identify the associated factors.ResultsThe study population comprised of 3014 index cases, of which 1575 had repeat potassium tests without preceding SPS. 86.4% (1362/1575) of them had potassium ≤5.5 mmol/L. The average processing time among specimens with potassium ≥6.0 mmol/L was 50 min longer, compared with those with potassium <5.1 mmol/L. Risk factors significantly associated with false hyperkalaemia included estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (60–89 mL/min/1.73 m2, OR=3.25, p<0.001;>90 mL/min/1.73 m2, OR=3.77, p<0.001) and delayed laboratory processing time (beta coefficient 0.001, p<0.001).ConclusionThe prevalence of false hyperkalaemia was 86.4%. Recommendation to repeat potassium tests may target those with eGFR<60ml/min/1.73m2.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hyposalivation in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in a Brazilian Subpopulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristhiane Almeida Leite ◽  
Marcial Francis Galera ◽  
Mariano Martínez Espinosa ◽  
Paulo Ricardo Teles de Lima ◽  
Vander Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Study Population

Background.Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory, multisystem, and autoimmune disease.Objective.The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of hyposalivation in SLE patients and evaluate factors associated.Methods.This is a cross-sectional study developed at the Cuiaba University General Hospital (UNIC-HGU), Mato Grosso, Brazil. The study population consisted of female SLE patients treated at this hospital from 06/2010 to 12/2012. Unstimulated salivary flow rates (SFRs) were measured. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed in all cases using a significance levelP<0.05.Results.The results showed that 79% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus suffered from hyposalivation and that the disease activity and age in years were the factors that resulted in statistically significant differences.Conclusion.The activity of the disease, age >27 years, and the drugs used were factors associated with hyposalivation, resulting in a statistically significant decrease in saliva production.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with minor psychiatric disorders in hospital housekeeping workers*

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cintia da Silva Marconato ◽  
Ana Carolina de Souza Magnago ◽  
Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza Magnago ◽  
Graziele de Lima Dalmolin ◽  
Rafaela Andolhe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire ◽  
Minor Psychiatric Disorders

Abstract OBJECTIVE Investigating the prevalence and factors associated with minor psychiatric disorders (MPDs) in Hospital housekeeping workers. METHOD A cross-sectional study carried out in 2013 with workers from the cleaning service of a public university hospital in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Data were collected through a form containing sociodemographic, occupational, habits and health variables. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 was used in order to evaluate MPDs. RESULTS The study population consisted of 161 workers. The overall prevalence of suspected MPD was 29.3%. The chances of suspected MPDs were higher in workers with Effort-Reward Imbalance, those who did not have time or who occasionally had time for leisure activities, and those taking medications. CONCLUSION The prevalence of MPDs was similar to that found in the literature for health workers. Therefore, we consider it important to include these workers in institutional programs for continuing health education.

scholarly journals Knowledge and perception of treatment among tuberculosis patients attending primary care clinics in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (08) ◽  
pp. 1205-1211
Author(s):  
Nesamalar Balakrishnan ◽  
Ezura Madiana Md Monoto ◽  
Noorlaili Mohd Tohit ◽  
Asrul Abdul Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Perception ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Primary Care Clinics ◽  
Recommended Treatment ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Tuberculosis is a disease of public health concern. It can be treated effectively with good knowledge about the disease and complete adherence to the recommended treatment regime. This study is intended to assess the level of knowledge and perception of treatment among tuberculosis patients attending primary care clinics. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study using a validated self-administered questionnaire among tuberculosis patients attending primary care clinics in Johor Bahru district. A total of 208 tuberculosis patients were enrolled in this study through convenience sampling. We assessed the general knowledge, transmission, causes, and prevention of tuberculosis, where higher scores indicated better knowledge. For the perception of treatment, a higher mean score indicated a more negative perception. Results: The mean score for knowledge on tuberculosis was 54.33 ± 12.78, ranging from 25 to 88.9%. The mean score for perception was 2.75±0.52, ranging from 2.15-3.39. We found that although 88.9% of respondents knew a person could be infected with TB through inhalation of tuberculosis bacilli, a majority believed that smoking (68.2%), sharing food (69.2%), and eating from the same plate (66.8%) are causes of tuberculosis. Moreover, there was still a negative perception regarding the treatment of tuberculosis with the highest mean score for the statement ‘I am afraid if I am told I am tuberculosis positive’. Conclusions: We found that there were gaps in knowledge among tuberculosis patients. Intermittent counseling during the treatment re-enforces the knowledge of tuberculosis. An updated standardized counseling sheet of tuberculosis Health Education should be included along with staff training to update their knowledge as part of their important role in health education in tuberculosis prevention.

scholarly journals Time Trends and Factors Associated with Antibiotic Prescribing in Swiss Primary Care (2008 to 2020)

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 837
Author(s):  
Nahara Anani Martínez-González ◽  
Stefania Di Gangi ◽  
Giuseppe Pichierri ◽  
Stefan Neuner-Jehle ◽  
Oliver Senn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Employment Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Swiss Primary Care

Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is a major threat to public health, and the majority of antibiotics are prescribed in the outpatient setting, especially in primary care. Monitoring antibiotic consumption is one key measure in containing ABR, but Swiss national surveillance data are limited. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study to characterise the patterns of antibiotic prescriptions, assess the time trends, and identify the factors associated with antibiotic prescribing in Swiss primary care. Using electronic medical records data, we analysed 206,599 antibiotic prescriptions from 112,378 patients. Based on 27,829 patient records, respiratory (52.1%), urinary (27.9%), and skin (4.8%) infections were the commonest clinical indications for antibiotic prescribing. The most frequently prescribed antibiotics were broad-spectrum penicillins (BSP) (36.5%), fluoroquinolones (16.4%), and macrolides/lincosamides (13.8%). Based on the WHO AWaRe classification, antibiotics were 57.9% Core-Access and 41.7% Watch, 69% of which were fluoroquinolones and macrolides. Between 2008 and 2020, fluoroquinolones and macrolides/lincosamides prescriptions significantly declined by 53% and 51%; BSP prescriptions significantly increased by 54%. Increasing patients’ age, volume, and employment level were significantly associated with antibiotic prescribing. Our results may inform future antibiotic stewardship interventions to improve antibiotic prescribing.

scholarly journals Medical errors in primary care clinics – a cross sectional study

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ee Ming Khoo ◽  
Wai Khew Lee ◽  
Sondi Sararaks ◽  
Azah Abdul Samad ◽  
Su May Liew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Medical Errors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Care Clinics

scholarly journals Computerization of primary health care: the manager as a change agent

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarcísio Laerte Gontijo ◽  
Paola Karol Martins Lima ◽  
Eliete Albano de Azevedo Guimarães ◽  
Valéria Conceição de Oliveira ◽  
Humberto Ferreira de Oliveira Quites ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Primary Care Professionals

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze factors associated with the implementation of software systems of the e-SUS Primary Care strategy in municipalities of Minas Gerais. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted with municipal managers of the e-SUS Primary Care strategy. A sample of cities stratified according to population size was selected. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyzes were performed to identify factors associated with the implementation of the systems. Results: In 49.1% (95%CI: 39.5-58.8) of the municipalities investigated, some of the e-SUS Primary Care systems were implemented. Time working as a strategy manager (OR: 3.03) and training for Primary Care professionals in the municipality (OR: 2.28) were associated with the implementation of the systems. Conclusion: The presence of a trained manager leading the implementation process impacted the implementation of the e-SUS AB strategy software systems in the municipalities of Minas Gerais. It is also essential to highlight the need to improve the technological infrastructure for the computerization of Primary Care.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and its Associated Factors among Diabetic Patients in Primary Care Clinics, Kuantan, Pahang

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Aznan MA ◽  
Khairidzan MK ◽  
Razman MR ◽  
Fa’iza A
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Uncontrolled Blood Pressure ◽  
Primary Care Clinics ◽  
High Hba1c ◽  
Retinal Examination ◽  
Disease Severity Scale

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the commonest complications of diabetes mellitus. This study was to determine the prevalence of DR and its association with chronic kidney disease (CKD), high HbA1c and dyslipidemia among diabetic patients in government primary care clinics. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out. The respondents were selected from diabetic registry at two government primary care clinics in Kuantan, Pahang via stratified random sampling method during the study period from May 2010 to April 2011. The respondents were interviewed and assessed clinically using a structured questionnaire. Retinal examination was performed by accredited staff using non-mydratic retinal imaging and DR was classified according to the International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Disease Severity Scale. Results: Out of 400 respondents, 58.8% were diagnosed with diabetes less than 5 years and 51.0% had uncontrolled blood pressure (>130/80 mmHg). The prevalence of DR and maculopathy were 33.5% and of 17.8% respectively. Most of these patients (22.3%) had mild non-proliferative DR. DR patients had higher percentages CKD (17.9% vs. 6.8%; p<0.001) and a higher mean of HbA1C (8.69 vs. 8.11; p=0.015) compared to non-DR patients. The study revealed that DR was independently associated with CKD {OR: 3.46, 95% CI (1.76, 6.80)} and high HbA1c {OR: 1.12, 95% CI (1.02, 1.23)}. Those with dyslipidemia however, has 39% less risk of DR {OR: 0.61, 95% CI (0.39, 0.94)}. Conclusion: This study showed that diabetic patients with CKD and high HbA1c have greater risks to develop DR but has protective risk with dyslipidemia.

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