scholarly journals Knowledge and perception of treatment among tuberculosis patients attending primary care clinics in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (08) ◽  
pp. 1205-1211
Author(s):  
Nesamalar Balakrishnan ◽  
Ezura Madiana Md Monoto ◽  
Noorlaili Mohd Tohit ◽  
Asrul Abdul Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Perception ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Primary Care Clinics ◽  
Recommended Treatment ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Tuberculosis is a disease of public health concern. It can be treated effectively with good knowledge about the disease and complete adherence to the recommended treatment regime. This study is intended to assess the level of knowledge and perception of treatment among tuberculosis patients attending primary care clinics. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study using a validated self-administered questionnaire among tuberculosis patients attending primary care clinics in Johor Bahru district. A total of 208 tuberculosis patients were enrolled in this study through convenience sampling. We assessed the general knowledge, transmission, causes, and prevention of tuberculosis, where higher scores indicated better knowledge. For the perception of treatment, a higher mean score indicated a more negative perception. Results: The mean score for knowledge on tuberculosis was 54.33 ± 12.78, ranging from 25 to 88.9%. The mean score for perception was 2.75±0.52, ranging from 2.15-3.39. We found that although 88.9% of respondents knew a person could be infected with TB through inhalation of tuberculosis bacilli, a majority believed that smoking (68.2%), sharing food (69.2%), and eating from the same plate (66.8%) are causes of tuberculosis. Moreover, there was still a negative perception regarding the treatment of tuberculosis with the highest mean score for the statement ‘I am afraid if I am told I am tuberculosis positive’. Conclusions: We found that there were gaps in knowledge among tuberculosis patients. Intermittent counseling during the treatment re-enforces the knowledge of tuberculosis. An updated standardized counseling sheet of tuberculosis Health Education should be included along with staff training to update their knowledge as part of their important role in health education in tuberculosis prevention.

scholarly journals Preventive Practices of Tuberculosis Patients in a Municipality of Chitwan District, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Prerna Bansal ◽  
Dipendra Khatiwada ◽  
Hari Prasad Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Preventive Practices

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide and sixth leading cause of death in Nepal. Preventing new infections of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is crucial to reduce TB burden and death. The source of infection is an open (sputum positive) case of pulmonary tuberculosis. Poor management of TB-related waste like disposal of sputum by patients has been reported as a risk factor for increasing susceptibility to active TB infection. The present study was undertaken to assess preventive measures practiced by TB patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 82 tuberculosis patients who visited the five different DOTs centres of Bharatpur Municipality of Chitwan district, Nepal during December 2016 to February 2017. To find the association between variables, chi-square test was used. P-value less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.  Results: The Mean ± SD of age of patients was 37.02±18.90 years. 67.10% of the patients received health education on preventive measures. 59.8% of the respondents had good practice on prevention measures of TB. Only 3.70% used burning method for the sputum disposal after diagnosis of TB. None of the respondents used boiling method for the disposal of sputum. Among all only 6% practiced safe method of sputum disposal. The statistically significant variables with health education were preventive measures like self isolation (ᵪ2 = 7.54, p = 0.006), covering face while coughing and sneezing (ᵪ2 = 4.113, p = 0.043) and keeping surrounding clean (ᵪ2= 7.880, p = 0.005).  Conclusions: Patients and family members should be well educated on practicing different preventive measures by further strengthening the preventive measures strategy in the transmission of tuberculosis if we envisioned to end TB by 2035.

scholarly journals Medical errors in primary care clinics – a cross sectional study

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ee Ming Khoo ◽  
Wai Khew Lee ◽  
Sondi Sararaks ◽  
Azah Abdul Samad ◽  
Su May Liew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Medical Errors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Care Clinics

scholarly journals Dentists’ intention to report suspected violence: a cross-sectional study in eight Arab countries

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e019786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha El Tantawi ◽  
Balgis Gaffar ◽  
Arheiam Arheiam ◽  
Wafaa AbdelAziz ◽  
Ola B Al-Batayneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Negative Perception ◽  
Perceived Ability ◽  
Professional Attitude ◽  
The Mean

ObjectivesThis study assessed dentists’ intention in eight Arab countries to report suspected exposure to violence among patients and factors associated with this intention based on the theory of planned behaviour.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 including a convenience sample of dentists practising in public, private and academic sectors in Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Palestine, Saudi Arabia and Yemen. Respondents answered a self-administered questionnaire collecting information about personal and professional background and perceived ability to identify victims of violence. The questionnaire assessed (on a scale from 1 to 10 using six negative statements) dentists’ perception of healthcare system mandated reporting of suspected violence. Six statements were used to assess professional attitude towards reporting suspected violence. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between intention to report suspected violence and perceived ability, perception and attitude adjusting for confounders.ResultsThe response rate was 65.2% (n=2936/4506) from general practitioners (70.9%) of mean age=31 years with 56.7% women. Of those, 68.8% intended to report and 52.2% considered themselves able to identify violence victims. The mean (SD) negative perception score=5.3/10 (2.1) and the mean (SD) professional attitude score=7.5/10 (1.9). In multivariate regression, intention to report was associated with professional attitude (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.14), ability to identify violence victims (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.45 to 2.12) and negative perception that reporting is not mandated (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.85 to 0.94). Significant differences existed among countries in intention to report.ConclusionMost dentists intended to report suspected violence and their intention could be explained by the theory of planned behaviour which offers a framework for professional development to support violence victims. Sharing of training resources, policies and guidelines is needed to ensure that practices similar to international guidelines are consistently adopted by dentists across Arab countries.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and its Associated Factors among Diabetic Patients in Primary Care Clinics, Kuantan, Pahang

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Aznan MA ◽  
Khairidzan MK ◽  
Razman MR ◽  
Fa’iza A
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Uncontrolled Blood Pressure ◽  
Primary Care Clinics ◽  
High Hba1c ◽  
Retinal Examination ◽  
Disease Severity Scale

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the commonest complications of diabetes mellitus. This study was to determine the prevalence of DR and its association with chronic kidney disease (CKD), high HbA1c and dyslipidemia among diabetic patients in government primary care clinics. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out. The respondents were selected from diabetic registry at two government primary care clinics in Kuantan, Pahang via stratified random sampling method during the study period from May 2010 to April 2011. The respondents were interviewed and assessed clinically using a structured questionnaire. Retinal examination was performed by accredited staff using non-mydratic retinal imaging and DR was classified according to the International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Disease Severity Scale. Results: Out of 400 respondents, 58.8% were diagnosed with diabetes less than 5 years and 51.0% had uncontrolled blood pressure (>130/80 mmHg). The prevalence of DR and maculopathy were 33.5% and of 17.8% respectively. Most of these patients (22.3%) had mild non-proliferative DR. DR patients had higher percentages CKD (17.9% vs. 6.8%; p<0.001) and a higher mean of HbA1C (8.69 vs. 8.11; p=0.015) compared to non-DR patients. The study revealed that DR was independently associated with CKD {OR: 3.46, 95% CI (1.76, 6.80)} and high HbA1c {OR: 1.12, 95% CI (1.02, 1.23)}. Those with dyslipidemia however, has 39% less risk of DR {OR: 0.61, 95% CI (0.39, 0.94)}. Conclusion: This study showed that diabetic patients with CKD and high HbA1c have greater risks to develop DR but has protective risk with dyslipidemia.

scholarly journals Protocol for a cross-sectional study measuring person-centredness among healthcare providers in Malaysian primary care clinics: the adaptation and validation of the Person-Centred Practice Inventory-Staff (PCPI-S) Questionnaire

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e034128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Zahirah Balqis-Ali ◽  
Pui San Saw ◽  
Anis Syakira Jailani ◽  
Tze Wei Yeoh ◽  
Weng Hong Fun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Internal Validity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Care Clinics ◽  
Human Research Ethics

IntroductionPerson-centred care (PCC) has become a global movement in healthcare. Despite this, the level of PCC is not routinely assessed in clinical practice. This protocol describes the adaptation and validation of the Person-Centred Practice Inventory-Staff (PCPI-S) tool that will be used to assess person-centred practices of primary healthcare providers in Malaysia.Methods and analysisTo ensure conceptual and item equivalence, the original version of the PCPI-S will be reviewed and adapted for cultural context by an expert committee. The instrument will subsequently be translated into Malay language using the forward-backward translation method by two independent bilingual speaking individuals. This will be pretested in four primary care clinics and refined accordingly. The instrument will be assessed for its psychometric properties, such as test-retest reliability, construct and internal validity, using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.Ethics and disseminationStudy findings will be disseminated to healthcare professionals and academicians in the field through publication in peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations, as well as at managerial clinic sites for practice improvement. The study was approved by the Medical Research and Ethics Committee (MREC), Ministry of Health Malaysia (KKM/NIHSEC/ P18-766 (14) and Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee (2018-14363-19627).

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depressive Symptoms among Adults with Overt Hypothyroidism on Treatment in Riyadh: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Care Clinics

Background: There is strong associated between depression and hypothyroidism. People with a chronic disease and on lifelong medication are more likely to have poorer mental health than those with no illnesses. This study aimed to measure the prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms in adults with overt hypothyroidism on treatment in primary care clinics in Riyadh. Methods and findings: Cross-sectional study of 369 patients with overt hypothyroidism visiting primary care clinics and endocrine outpatient clinics at in Prince Mohammed bin Abdul-Aziz hospital .Data were collected using an the Arabic validated version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for screening of depression among the participants . Prevalence of depression among adult patients with hypothyroidism on treatment was 56.1% . It was moderately severe and severe among 58.7% and 33.3% of depressed patients. Conclusions: Depression is a common health problem among patients with overt hypothyroidism on thyroxin treatment , majority of patients has moderately severe to severe depression. Depression was more observed among older (≥40 years), female, divorced/widowed and lower educated patients compared to their counterparts. Also, it was more reported among patients with longer duration of hypothyroidism. No association was observed with levels of TSH and thyroxin hormones.

scholarly journals Comparing and determining factors associated with hypertension self-care profiles of patients in two multi-ethnic Asian countries: cross-sectional studies between two study populations

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e044192
Author(s):  
Sabrina Yi-Mei Wee ◽  
Hani Salim ◽  
Maliza Mawardi ◽  
Yi Ling Eileen Koh ◽  
Hanifatiyah Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Care Clinics ◽  
Disease Characteristics ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Mean

ObjectivesTo compare the sociodemography, disease characteristics and hypertension self-care profiles and to determine the factors influencing Hypertension Self-Care Profiles (HTN-SCP) in two populations in primary care settings from Singapore and Malaysia.DesignCross-sectional, cross national.SettingMulti-centre, primary care clinics Malaysia and Singapore.Participants1123 adults with hypertension enrolled and analysed.Primary and secondary outcome measuresComparison between sociodemography, disease characteristics and the mean scores of HTN-SCP domains (behaviour, motivation and self-efficacy) and the factors influencing hypertension self-care.Results1123 adults with hypertension attending primary care clinics in Malaysia and Singapore were involved. The participants’ mean age was 63.6 years (SD 9.7) in Singapore and 60.4 (SD 9.1) in Malaysia. Most of the participants in Singapore had tertiary education (22.3%) compared with Malaysia (13.0%), p<0.001. A higher proportion of participants from Singapore had controlled blood pressure (74.6%) compared with Malaysia (33.8%), p<0.001. The mean total score of HTN-SCP was significantly higher among Singapore participants compared with Malaysia participants 190 (SD 28) versus 184 (SD 23) (p<0.001). Similarly, the mean score for motivation domain 67 (SD 10) versus 65 (SD 9), followed by self-efficacy score 65 (SD 11) versus 62 (SD 9) and behaviour score (58 SD 9 vs 56 SD 9) were higher among Singapore participants. In both countries, the factors which influenced higher HTN-SCP mean scores across all domains were being Indian and had tertiary education.ConclusionsThe study population in Singapore had a higher HTN-SCP mean score compared with Malaysia. The common factors influencing higher HTN-SCP mean scores at both study sites were ethnicity and level of education. Future intervention to improve self-care among people with hypertension may need to be tailored to their behaviour, motivation and self-efficacy levels.

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