scholarly journals Comorbidities and functional impairments in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in China: a hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e042196
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Shi ◽  
Yiting Ji ◽  
Shizhong Cai ◽  
Ying Wu ◽  
Lijun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Core Symptoms

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess comorbidity patterns and functional impairment in children with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).DesignHospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study; data collection occurred between 2016 and 2019.Settings and patientsA total of 8256 children and adolescents, 6–17 years of age, with suspected ADHD agreed to participate in this hospital-based cross-sectional study over a 4-year period in China. Comorbidities and social functions were assessed according to the scales Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Parent Rating Scale and Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale-Parent Form, which were completed by the parents of the study participants.ResultsOf the 8256 children, 5640 were diagnosed with ADHD. Other 2616 children who did not meet the ADHD diagnostic criteria were classified as the N-ADHD group . The proportion of comorbidities (47.4%) and functional impairments (84.5%) in the ADHD group were higher than the N-ADHD group (p≤0.001). The functional impairment scores in all of the six domains, including family, academic, life skills, self-concept, social activities and risky activities, were significantly higher in the ADHD group than the N-ADHD group (p≤0.001). The functional impairment in ADHD group with comorbidities was more severe than those without comorbidities (p≤0.001). Comorbidities and core symptoms both can affect the functions of children with ADHD. Logistics regression analysis indicated that in all of the six functional domains, the effect of comorbidities on functional impairment exceeded the effects of ADHD core symptoms.ConclusionsComorbidities had the greatest influence on different areas of adaptive functioning in children with ADHD. Clinical management of children suspected to have ADHD should address multiple comorbidities and functional impairments assessment, as well as core symptom analysis.

scholarly journals Correlation of psychopathology and white matter abnormalities in fathers of children with ADHD: Cross sectional study

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Effat ◽  
H Elshahawy ◽  
H M Sakr ◽  
E M Shorub ◽  
S E Azab
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Inattentive Type

Abstract Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADM)) is one of the most common neurobehavioral disorders of childhood. Children with ADHD may experience significant adaptation problems because their functional level and behavior may not correspond to their chronological age or expected development level. ADHD is a chronic disease, the symptoms of which can persist into adulthood and become lifelong. Aim of the work evaluating the biological substrate in fathers of children with ADHD, assessing rate of occurrence of ADHD among fathers of children with ADHD. Subjects and Methods This descriptive observational cross-sectional study was conducted on 40 children with a diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) according to the DSNI-IV criteria who attended to the Child and Adolescent Outpatient clinics of the Institute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University Hospital. Results Prevalence rate of diagnosis of adult ADHD among fathers of children with ADHD (6 to 12) years old was 60%, 20% with mixed hyperactive—inattentive type, 15%.predominantly hyperactive—impulsive type and 25% predominantly inattentive type. There were statistically significant differences between ADHD group of children’s fathers in comparison to Non-ADHD group, as the mean ADC of right and left middle cerebellar peduncle, was lower in ADHD group which indicates absence of abnormalities in white matter integrity in those areas. Conclusion prevalence rate of adult ADHD among fathers was 60%. There were no abnormalities in white matter integrity in group of fathers with diagnosis of adult ADHD.

The Association Between Time Spent on Computer Tablets and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Among Children from 3 to 12 Years Old

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S146-S146
Author(s):  
A. Alhadi ◽  
O.A. Abid ◽  
K.A. Alsuhaibani ◽  
K.A. Alshehri ◽  
R.A. Alowaisheq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Parental Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

IntroductionADHD is one of the most common neuropsychiatric disorders in children. The worldwide prevalence is estimated to be between 2–18%. The exact cause of ADHD is still unknown, but some factors have been found to increase the risk of having ADHD like increase TV exposure time and video games.ObjectivesTo study the association between time spent on computer tablets (iPads or Android tablets) by children and ADHD.MethodsThis cross sectional study targeted children from 3 to 12 years old who use computer tablets. Two non-random sampling techniques were used to distribute self-administered questionnaires to one of the caregivers of 275 children, 36 of them installed an application in their children's computer tablets that measures the actual time spent by the children. The questionnaire contains demographics, validated Arabic ADHD rating scale and questions to assess the parental attitude. The SPSS package was used for statistical analysis.ResultsThe results showed that the overall prevalence of ADHD is 22.2% and it is higher in males. There is no statistically significant association between ADHD and all variables except for the time spent on computer tablets, which showed that children using computer tablets more than the average time have an increased chance of having ADHD with an odds ratio of 1.9 with 95% confidence interval from 1.08 to 3.40.ConclusionThis study shows an association between time spent on computer tablets by children and ADHD. There is need for longitudinal studies to demonstrate the temporality and to confirm the association.

EARLY RECOGNIZATION OF THE CHILDREN WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER BY VANDERBILT ADHD RATING SCALE FOR TEACHERS AND PARENTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Dinh Duong Le ◽  
Van Thang Vo ◽  
Thi Mai Nguyen ◽  
Thi Han Vo ◽  
Huu Chau Duc Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Teachers And Parents ◽  
Key Words Adhd

Objectives: The study aims to explore the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and to examine the associated factors with ADHD among primary students by Vanderbilt ADHD rating scale for teacher and parents. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted in 564 students who selected randomly in 4 primary schools in Hue city. Vanderbilt ADHD rating scale for parents and teachers were applied to evaluate the ADHD of children over 6 months ago. Results: The overall prevalence of children who had high risk with ADHD was 4.1% (95%CI: 2.44 - 5.72), including 4.6% and 4.8% in the rating of teachers and parents, respectively. Male was more likely to have ADHD than female (OR adj: 4.64 (95%CI: 1.53 - 14.05) and lack of closely friend (OR adj: 5.11 (95% CI: 2.13 - 12.24). Conclusion: Vanderbilt ADHD diagnosis rating scale for teachers and parents can be used to early recognization children with a high risk of ADHD. Key words: ADHD, Vanderbilt, ratings scale, teacher, parent, children

Enhancing family nursing practice in schools: School nurses’ perspectives on illness beliefs and family nursing practice skills when caring for children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder or asthma – A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 205715852110096
Author(s):  
Erla Kolbrun Svavarsdottir ◽  
Gudny Bergthora Tryggvadottir ◽  
Margret Gisladottir ◽  
Ragnheidur Osk Erlendsdottir
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
Illness Beliefs ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Family Nursing ◽  
Practice Skills

An increasing number of children attend schools with chronic illnesses/disorders that require managing and comprehensive healthcare from school nurses during the day. Collaboration between school nurses, the school-aged child with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or asthma, and their families is needed when coordinating/managing chronic health problems in the school setting. However, involving families in the assessment and care planning processes can be challenging. The aim of this study was to survey the illness beliefs of school nurses and their perceptions of their family nursing practice skills when offering healthcare services to children with ADHD or asthma in schools. A cross-sectional study was used for a sample of 82 school nurses. The manuscript was prepared following STROBE guidelines. Results indicated that the school nurses perceived themselves to be more confident and to have better knowledge and skill in family nursing practice when offering healthcare services to families of children with ADHD in comparison to asthma.

scholarly journals Perceived Loneliness and Severe Sleep Disorders in Adult Women during the Covid-19 Quarantine: A Cross-Sectional Study in Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110251
Author(s):  
Álvaro Monterrosa-Castro ◽  
Angélica Monterrosa-Blanco ◽  
Andrea González-Sequeda
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emotional Loneliness ◽  
Social Loneliness

Background: Quarantine is a measure to control COVID-19 spread, resulting in an increased perception of loneliness. In turn, sleep disorders (SD) may be more frequently reported in uncertain circumstances. Objectives: To identify the association between loneliness and severe SD, in women quarantined due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out in women, between 40 and 79 years and living in Colombia. The women were invited through social network to complete 5 digital instruments: de Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, Menopause Rating Scale, Fear of COVID-19 Five-item Version, Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, and Francis Religion Scale. Bivariate analysis and adjusted logistic regression between loneliness and SD were performed. Results: 1133 women participated, half of them under 50 years old. 43.1% had emotional loneliness, 39.9% social loneliness and 43.3% general loneliness. SD were identified in 6 out of 10 women, those with mild SD presented an OR of 1.84, 1.85, and 1.64, for emotional, social and general loneliness, respectively. Loneliness was associated twice with moderate SD, and more than twice with severe SD. Very severe SD reached OR:5.81 for emotional loneliness, OR:4.38 social loneliness and OR:4.02 general loneliness. In the presence of religiosity, fear and anxiety due to COVID-19, statistical significance was retained for associations, except intense SD with general loneliness. Conclusions: SD were significantly associated with loneliness in our study population. It is important to assess sleep quality and perception of loneliness in middle-aged women, especially during periods of quarantine due to a pandemic to avoid health implications.

A cross-sectional study of hand function in inclusion body myositis: Implications for functional rating scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ava Yun Lin ◽  
Maggie Clapp ◽  
Elizabeth Karanja ◽  
Kevin Dooley ◽  
Conrad C. Weihl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Body ◽  
Inclusion Body Myositis ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of the Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) in Patients Diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Antioquia

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Sierra Montoya ◽  
Sandra Catalina Mesa Restrepo ◽  
Jorge Mauricio Cuartas Arias ◽  
William Cornejo Ochoa
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Restless Legs Syndrome ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Restless Legs ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Issue

Introduction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most common behavioral issue for children. One of the sleeping disorders most frequently related to ADHD is the Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), characterized by an irresistible urge to move the legs, something that is generally associated with paresthesias and motor restlessness. The prevalence rate of RLS in children diagnosed with ADHD is close to 18%, but in Colombia, these cases have been hardly studied. Objective: To determine the frequency of RLS, in children with ADHD. Methods: A cross-sectional study, filled out by parents of children diagnosed with ADHD, were analyzed. This questionnaire contained clinical criteria for classifying ADHD according to the DSM-IV, as well as diagnostic criteria for RLS by the National Institutes of Health (2003). Results: A predominance rate of 65.6% in combined ADHD was observed in children with RLS criteria. Upon carrying out an exploratory data analysis, it was found that having a family history of RLS and belonging to the middle or low socioeconomic strata are conditions associated with the presence of RLS in children with ADHD, with a significant p (p < 0.000) and a PR of 4.47 (3.16-6.32). Conclusions: The prevalence of RLS was similar to the findings of other clinical investigations. However, it highlights new prevalence values in relation to the comorbidity between ADHD and RLS, suggesting the need for new clinical and therapeutic alternatives amidst the presence of both syndromes.

scholarly journals Use of methylphenidate by university students in the health area

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e45310817540
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Zuca Pedreira de Freitas ◽  
Saiane Menezes Moreira ◽  
Lisandra Maria Lago ◽  
Laís Nery Pinheiro ◽  
Danielle Stefane Pinto da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Academic Life ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Care Students ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Health Area ◽  
Intellectual Capacity

Methylphenidate is the drug most frequently used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. However, due to its psychostimulant properties, this substance has been used to stimulate productivity and increase intellectual capacity in several areas of study. In this work, the characteristics of the use of methylphenidate among pharmacy, nursing, and medical students of a university in the capital of Bahia were analyzed. In this cross-sectional study, 338 students from different semesters of the aforementioned courses were interviewed. The instrument used for data collection was a standardized self-completed questionnaire applied by the researchers. Altogether, 76% of respondents were female and the average age was 22 years old. The frequency of students who used or who had already used methylphenidate at some point in their academic life was higher among medical students (12%). The main justification for the use of this substance was the higher concentration to study (59%). Also, 92% of respondents claimed to use Methylphenidate without medical supervision and 80% indicated the time of the tests as the time of greatest use of this drug. These results show high non-prescribed use of methylphenidate among health care students.

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