scholarly journals Health service utilisation among African migrants in China: a nationwide cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e046746
Author(s):  
Ming Zhou Xiong ◽  
Peizhen Zhao ◽  
Xia Zou ◽  
Brian Hall ◽  
Honghua Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Service ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Service Utilisation ◽  
Service Utilisation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
African Migrants ◽  
Health Utilisation

ObjectivesTo assess the health utilisation status and associated factors among African migrants in China.DesignA national cross-sectional study was conducted among African migrants in China in 2019.SettingParticipants were recruited online and offline to participate in a self-report survey. Online participants were recruited through WeChat across China, and offline participants were recruited in Guangzhou.ParticipantsWe recruited participants who were from an African country; had spent at least 1 month cumulatively in China; were at least 18 years old; were willing to provide informed consent. A total of 1025 participants were recruited online and offline, 19 of them were excluded due to invalid response and 1006 people were finally included in the analysis.Outcome measuresThe primary outcome was health service utilisation and associated factors among African migrants during their stay in China in the past 12 months. The potential factors include the predisposing factors (demographic characteristics and social structure variables), enabling factors (annual income, health insurance in China) and need factors (non-communicable chronic and infectious diseases, depression) which determined by Anderson framework were measured.ResultsEight hundred and seven online and 218 offline participants completed the survey, including 624 males and 382 females, with an average age of 26.4±8.9 years. Around 28.5% reported health utilization in the past 12 months. Results showed that longer duration in China, migration to China for business (aOR=2.23, 95% CI:1.13-4.40) and study (aOR=5.00, 95% CI:2.74-9.11), living in apartment (aOR=2.59, 95% CI:1.62-4.14) or dormitory (aOR=3.22, 95% CI:2.17-4.80) in China, suffering from chronic diseases, communicable diseases, and greater depressive symptoms (aOR=1.91, 95% CI:1.42-2.56) facilitated health service utilization.ConclusionsThe healthcare service that African migrants received in China is low. The existing public health policies and intervention measures need to be improved to make health utilisation more accessible and feasible for African migrants.

Examining determinants of health service utilisation among Filipino older people: A cross‐sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. E31-E36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystle T Cotingting ◽  
Zenas Harvey L Apal ◽  
Mark Benjamin M Franco ◽  
Patrick Nicolo Mari G Lozano ◽  
Ellen Mae C Quion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Service ◽  
Older People ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Service Utilisation ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Service Utilisation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Utilization of eye health services and diabetic retinopathy: a cross-sectional study among persons living with diabetes visiting a tertiary eye care facility in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridgid Akrofi ◽  
John Tetteh ◽  
Kwesi N. Amissah-Arthur ◽  
Eileen N.A. Buxton ◽  
Alfred Yawson
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Major Advance ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Eye Health

Abstract Background There have been a major advance made in screening, early diagnosis, and prompt treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy among Person living with diabetes (PLWD). However, screening services remain a challenge in Low-Middle-Income-Countries where access to eye care professionals is inadequate. This study assesses the utilization of Eye Health Service prevalence (UEHS) among PLWD and associated factors and further quantifies its association with Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR). Methods A cross-sectional study design with a random sample of 360 PLWD was conducted at Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, a National Referral Centre in Ghana from May to July 2019. UEHS and DR were the study outcomes. We adopted Poisson and Probit regression analysis to assess factors associated with UEHS over the past year. We employed pairwise and phi correlation (fourfold correlational analysis) to assess the relationship between UEHS and DR (ordinal and binary respectively). Ordered Logistic and Poisson regression were applied to assess the association between the UEHS and DR. Stata 16.1 was used to perform the analyses and a p-value ≤ 0.05 was deemed significant. Results The prevalence of UEHS over the past year and DR was 21.7 %(95 %CI = 17.7–26.2) and 65.0 %(95 %CI = 59.9–69.8 respectively. The prevalence of severe NPDR with Clinically Significant Macular Edema (CSME) was 23.9 %(19.8–28.6). Type of diabetes, increasing age, educational level, mode of payment for healthcare services, marital status, years since diagnosis, and current blood glucose significantly influenced UEHS. There was a negative relationship between DR and UEHS (Pairwise and φ correlation were − 20 and − 15 respectively; p < 0.001). Non-UEHS among PLWD doubles the likelihood of experiencing severe NPDR with CSME compared with UEHS among PLWD [aOR(95 %CI) = 2.05(1.03–4.08)]. Meanwhile, the prevalence of DR among patients per non-UEHS was insignificantly higher [12 %; aPR(95 %CI) = 0.89–1.41)] compared with patients who utilized eye care health service. Conclusions Most of the PLWD did not utilize the eye health service even once in a year and that was highly influenced by type of diabetes and increasing age. Type 2 diabetes patients and middle age decreased the likelihood of UEHS. There was a negative relationship between DR and UEHS among PLWD and this doubled the likelihood of experiencing severe NPDR with CSME. Structured health education and screening interventions are key to improving UEHS.

scholarly journals The Magnitude of Wasting and Associated Factors among Children Aged 2-5 Years in Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Selamawit Dires ◽  
Moges Mareg
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Child ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Age Range

Background. Malnutrition accounts for almost half of the global under-five child mortality. Worm infections are one of the immediate and commonest causes that affect the nutritional status of children. There is limited data related to the magnitude of wasting and associated factors among children. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing the magnitude of wasting and associated factors among children aged 2 to 5 years in the Wonago district of Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia. Methods. Community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted. A total of 3324 children aged 2-5 years were included in the study. A pretested semistructured questionnaire was used for data collection, and anthropometric measurements were computed using the World Health Organization Anthro-nutritional software. The multivariate logistic regression analyses with adjusted odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, and P value less than 0.05 were used to identify the factors significantly associated with wasting. Results. A total of 3273 children aged 2-5 years participated with a 98.5% response rate. The magnitude of wasting was 13%. The factors like government-employed fathers [ AOR = 1.93 ; 95% CI (1.08, 3.46)], child’s age range between 48 and 59 months [ AOR = 1.46 ; 95% CI (1.01, 2.09)], being a male child [ AOR = 1.42 ; 95% CI (1.07, 1.88)], having diarrheal disease in the past two weeks [ AOR = 0.39 ; 95% CI (0.17, 0.90)], and bathing less than two times per week [ AOR = 1.42 ; 95% CI (1.03, 1.96)] were factors significantly associated with wasting. Conclusion. Undernutrition in children is still a problem, and the proportion of wasting was 13%. Government-employed fathers, child’s age range between 48 and 59 months, being a male child, having diarrheal disease in the past two weeks, and bathing below two times per week were significantly associated with children’s nutritional status warranting close attention by policymakers and stakeholders. For researchers, a further longitudinal study is recommended to get strong evidence.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors with sexual violence victimisation youth before, during and after the COVID-19 lockdown: a cross-sectional study in Spain

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e055227
Author(s):  
Belén Sanz-Barbero ◽  
Carme Saurina ◽  
Laura Serra ◽  
Gemma Renart Vicens ◽  
Laura Vall-Llosera Casanovas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Sexual Attraction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Robust Poisson Regression

ObjectivesTo analyse the prevalence of sexual violence (SV) and associated factors in Spanish young adults in the last year and before, during and after the COVID-19 lockdown.DesignCross-sectional study based on the online ‘SV in Young People Survey’ (2020).SettingNon-institutionalised population residing in Spain.Participants2515 men and women aged 18–35 years old. The participants were obtained from a probability based, online closed panel of adults aged 16 or older that is representative of the non-institutionalised population. The sample designed includes quotas by sex, age, region and country of origin.Outcomes measures and analysesSV victimisation by sociodemographics, sexual attraction and couple-related characteristics during the past year and before, during and after the COVID-19 lockdown (March–June 2020). Prevalence ratios were calculated using robust Poisson regression models.ResultsIn Spain, 8.5% of young people experienced SV during the past year. The greatest prevalence was observed in women with bisexual attraction (17.5%) and in men with homosexual attraction (14.2%). During the COVID-19 lockdown, the prevalence of SV victimisation was lower (1.9%), but unwanted intercourses increased, affecting 64.4% of those exposed to SV during the period. People with homosexual or bisexual attraction were more likely to experience SV in all of the studied periods (PRbefore: 2.01; p<0.001; PRduring: 2.63 p=0.002; PRafter: 2.67; p<0.001). Women were more likely than men to experience SV prior to the lockdown, while no cohabitation increased the likelihood to experience SV after this periodConclusionsSV victimisation in Spanish youth is high. During COVID-19, there were changes in the magnitude of factors associated with SV. It seems that SV events decreased in people who did not live with their partners, but unwanted intercourses increased. The development of prevention strategies to address SV in youth should take into account social inequalities by sex, sexual orientation and origin.

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