Sustamycin and tetrabid: slow-release tetracyclines

1972 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 63-64
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Impair Renal Function ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
In Pregnancy

The tetracyclines are effective antibiotics for the treatment of exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and are also extensively used for the long-term treatment of acne vulgaris. Their more general use has, however, diminished because of an increasing incidence of tetracycline resistance among many formerly susceptible bacteria and because their effects on developing teeth contraindicate their use in pregnancy and childhood. Moreover in patients with pyelonephritis tetracyclines may further impair renal function.1 New tetracyclines are of special interest if they have any advantage over existing preparations in these respects.

Long-term treatment of acromegaly with the slow-release somatostatin analogue lanreotide

1994 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Marek ◽  
Václav Hána ◽  
Michal Kršek ◽  
Vlasta Justová ◽  
France Catus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Somatostatin Analogue ◽  
Tumour Mass ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Active Acromegaly ◽  
One Year

Marek J, Hána V. Kršek M. Justová V, Catus F, Thomas F. Long-term treatment of acromegaly with the slow-release somatostatin analogue lanreotide. Eur J Endocrinol 1994;131:20–6. ISSN 0804–4643 Thirteen patients with active acromegaly despite previous surgery were treated with 30 mg lanreotide im twice a month for 9 months. In 10 subjects the treatment continued to 19 months. GH serum levels of all patients decreased significantly from an initial value of 32.0 (29.4) μg/l [median (standard error of median)] to 10.0 (3.6) and 19.1 (5.7) after 3 and 9 months of treatment, respectively. In the 10 patients with the treatment longer than one year the decrease in GH was from 46.8 (29.4) μg/l to 12.5 (5.0) and 16.1 (5.3) after 13 and 19 months, respectively. IGF-I serum levels decreased significantly from 1193 (73)μg/l to 782 (99) and 621 (103) after 3 and 9 months, respectively, and were normalized in 3 patients. In the 10 patients treated for longer than one year, levels decreased significantly from 1318 (74)μg/l to 653 (170) and 742 (180) after 13 and 19 months, respectively. IGF BP-3 levels were reduced to the normal range in 6 patients and decreased from 8.7 (1.5)mg/l to 6.4 (0.8) and to 5.4 (1.0) after 3 and 9 months, respectively. In the patients with the 19 months treatment the decrease was from 9.3 (1.6) mg/l to 3.9 (0.9) and 4.8 (0.9) after 13 and 19 months, respectively. The IGF BP-3 to IFG I ratio increased in 7 patients. This elevation significantly correlated with the decrease in bioassayable somatomedin. Prolactin serum levels fell in all patients with increased prolactin secretion. Testosterone plasma levels increased in 4 out of 5 men without replacement therapy. Clinical improvement was observed in all patients. A reduction of tumour mass was observed in five patients and complete disappearance of the tumour in one subject. All patients complained of mild abdominal pain and softened stools for several days following the injections. However, these side effects never required interruption of treatment. Asymptomatic microlithiasis was seen in only one patient after 13 months, which led to treatment being suspended for a period of 3 months after which it was resumed. Fasting serum insulin and insulin area under the curve (AUC) after oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) fell in all patients. Fasting blood glucose, fructosamine and glucose AUC after OGTT slightly increased during the treatment, but all blood glucose levels (fasting and during OGTT) remained within normal ranges. Lanreotide appears to be a safe and effective treatment in patients with active acromegaly unresolved by surgery. The long-acting formulation avoids the drawbacks associated with either repeated daily injections or continuous infusions of somatostatin analogues. Josef Marek, Third Department of Medicine, Charles University, U nemocnice 1, 128 21 Praha 2, The Czech Republic

Long-Term Treatment with Pivmecillinam in Patients with Recurrent Bacteriuria

1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-182
Author(s):  
B Bresky ◽  
K Lincoln
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
The Body ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Tract Infections

Thirty out-patients with chronic recurrent urinary tract infections, who had failed to respond to 10 days treatment with either pivmecillinam and/or amoxycillin, received a 3-month course of pivmecillinam at a dose of 200 mg, three times daily. Twenty-seven patients had bacteriuria due to Enterobacteriaceae, mainly Escherichia coli, sensitive to mecillinam in vitro. Pivmecillinam eradicated all the initial urinary pathogens. Reinfections occurred during treatment in three patients, who remained asymptomatic. Four subjects complained of gastro-intestinal side-effects, and therapy was withdrawn in three instances. Another three patients described unusual adverse events towards the end of the course of treatment, described as an odd sensation in the body and a desire for salt. The sensation disappeared a few days after the end of treatment. Treatment with pivmecillinam had no adverse effect on haematopoietic, hepatic or renal function.

Aluminium Bone Deposits in Normal Renal Function Patients after Long-Term Treatment by Plasma Exchange

1989 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 664-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Mousson ◽  
S.A. Charhon ◽  
M. Ammar ◽  
M. Accominotti ◽  
G. Rifle
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Plasma Exchange ◽  
Normal Renal Function ◽  
Bone Biopsy ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Long Term Treatment

The accumulation of aluminium (AI) can cause AI bone deposits, osteomalacia and encephalopathy. As albumin solutions used as replacement fluid in plasma exchange (PE) are contaminated with AI, we studied AI overload in two symptomless patients with normal renal function, treated by long-term plasma exchange (PE). Total AI loading was calculated at 1750 μmol in patient 1 (178 PE sessions) and 2100 μmol in patient 2 (153 PE sessions). Bone biopsy showed AI deposits and low bone formation without osteomalacia in patient 1 and only osteoporosis in patient 2. Plasma AI levels were useless in detecting early AI overload, because the remained in the normal range, even after PE in both patients. Bone biopsy was the best means of recognizing AI intoxication, but cannot be recommended for frequent evaluations. However, the desferrioxamine mobilization test can be proposed as a repetitive non-invasive investigation method.

scholarly journals Long-Term Exposure to Antibiotics Has Caused Accumulation of Resistance Determinants in the Gut Microbiota of Honeybees

mBio ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoyu Tian ◽  
Nibal H. Fadhil ◽  
J. Elijah Powell ◽  
Waldan K. Kwong ◽  
Nancy A. Moran
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Gut Bacteria ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Long Term Treatment

ABSTRACT Antibiotic treatment can impact nontarget microbes, enriching the pool of resistance genes available to pathogens and altering community profiles of microbes beneficial to hosts. The gut microbiota of adult honeybees, a distinctive community dominated by eight bacterial species, provides an opportunity to examine evolutionary responses to long-term treatment with a single antibiotic. For decades, American beekeepers have routinely treated colonies with oxytetracycline for control of larval pathogens. Using a functional metagenomic screen of bacteria from Maryland bees, we detected a high incidence of tetracycline/oxytetracycline resistance. This resistance is attributable to known resistance loci for which nucleotide sequences and flanking mobility genes were nearly identical to those from human pathogens and from bacteria associated with farm animals. Surveys using diagnostic PCR and sequencing revealed that gut bacteria of honeybees from diverse localities in the United States harbor eight tetracycline resistance loci, including efflux pump genes (tetB, tetC, tetD, tetH, tetL, and tetY) and ribosome protection genes (tetM and tetW), often at high frequencies. Isolates of gut bacteria from Connecticut bees display high levels of tetracycline resistance. Resistance genes were ubiquitous in American samples, though rare in colonies unexposed for 25 years. In contrast, only three resistance loci, at low frequencies, occurred in samples from countries not using antibiotics in beekeeping and samples from wild bumblebees. Thus, long-term antibiotic treatment has caused the bee gut microbiota to accumulate resistance genes, drawn from a widespread pool of highly mobile loci characterized from pathogens and agricultural sites. IMPORTANCE We found that 50 years of using antibiotics in beekeeping in the United States has resulted in extensive tetracycline resistance in the gut microbiota. These bacteria, which form a distinctive community present in healthy honeybees worldwide, may function in protecting bees from disease and in providing nutrition. In countries that do not use antibiotics in beekeeping, bee gut bacteria contained far fewer resistance genes. The tetracycline resistance that we observed in American samples reflects the capture of mobile resistance genes closely related to those known from human pathogens and agricultural sites. Thus, long-term treatment to control a specific pathogen resulted in the accumulation of a stockpile of resistance capabilities in the microbiota of a healthy gut. This stockpile can, in turn, provide a source of resistance genes for pathogens themselves. The use of novel antibiotics in beekeeping may disrupt bee health, adding to the threats faced by these pollinators.

Octreotide long-term treatment in patients with portal hypertension: persistent inhibition of postprandial glucagon response without major changes in renal function

1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 816-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Malesci ◽  
Milena Tacconi ◽  
Angela Valentini ◽  
Mauro Basilico ◽  
Elettra Lorenzano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Long Term Treatment

The effect of nisoldipine on renal function in the long-term treatment of hypertension in patients with and without renal impairment

1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 437-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wilson ◽  
M. M. A. E. Wahbha ◽  
P. G. Martin ◽  
R. Hainsworth ◽  
A. M. Brownjohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Renal Impairment ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension
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