scholarly journals Sleep and gastric function in irritable bowel syndrome: derailing the brain-gut axis

Gut ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
W C Orr ◽  
M D Crowell ◽  
B Lin ◽  
M J Harnish ◽  
J D Z Chen
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Bowel Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gastric Function ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Surface Electrodes ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
The Brain

Background—Recently, several studies have shown an alteration in bowel function during sleep in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and a recent study also suggests a remarkable increase in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. These studies have suggested that an alteration in CNS function may play an important role in the pathogenesis of IBS.Aims—To confirm the presence of an alteration in REM sleep in patients with IBS and to assess the relation between sleep and a non-invasive measure of gastric functioning, the electrogastrogram (EGG).Patients—Ten patients with IBSand 10 age and sex matched normal volunteers.Methods—All subjects slept one night in the sleep laboratory and underwent polysomnographic monitoring to determine sleep patterns, and recording of the EGG from surface electrodes.Results—The IBS group had a notable and significant increase in the percentage and duration of REM sleep (p<0.05). The control group had a decrease in the amplitude of the dominant EGG frequency from waking to non-REM sleep (p<0.05), and a subsequent increase in the amplitude from non-REM to REM sleep (p<0.05). No such changes were noted in the patients with IBS.Conclusions—Results confirmed the enhancement of REM sleep in patients with IBS and suggested an intrinsic alteration in autonomic and CNS functioning in patients with IBS.

scholarly journals New regimen for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with emphasis on Sulpride as the sole maintenance therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 154-157
Author(s):  
Kamel El-Reshaid ◽  
Shaikha Al-Bader
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Bowel Function ◽  
Dietary Therapy ◽  
Muscarinic Antagonists ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Prior Therapy ◽  
Irritable Bowel

The efficiency and safety of Sulpirid (50 mg twice/daily) was assessed in 563 adult patients with 6 groups of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) who had failed dietary therapy.  The groups included; patients without previous treatment (n: 137), patients who had received a muscarinic antagonists (n: 65), an anticholinergic/benzodiazepine combination (n: 187), a tricyclic antidepressants (n: 62), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (n: 48) and an antiflatulent (n: 64).  Patients were assessed for 6 weeks.  Sulpirid was effective and safe in safe in relieving the abdominalgia, anxiety, depression and bowel function.  The overall success of Sulpride in treatment of IBS was 84%.  Most patients who had failed muscarinic antagonists, antiflatulent and tricyclic antidepressants had > 95% improvement with Sulpride.  The success was 88% in those who did not receive prior therapy while it was just 77% and 72% in those who had failed SSRIs and anticholinergic/benzodiazepine combination.  In treatment-failures, a further 9.8% improvement was achieved with addition of a SSRI (Escitalopram) and an extra 3.4% with subsequent increase in Sulpride dose to 100 mg X 2 limiting failures to only 2.3%.  Tolerance of treatment was good and side-effects developed in 11% patients.  In conclusion: Sulpride is an effective and safe drug in IBS. Keywords: Antidepressants, anxiolytics, irritable bowel syndrome, treatment, Sulpride

scholarly journals Blastocystis sp. Carriage and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Is the Association Already Established?

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 340
Author(s):  
Fernando Salvador ◽  
Beatriz Lobo ◽  
Lidia Goterris ◽  
Carmen Alonso-Cotoner ◽  
Javier Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blastocystis Sp ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Asymptomatic Subjects

Background: The aim of the present study is to describe the occurrence of Blastocystis sp. detection among asymptomatic subjects and patients with irritable bowel syndrome in order to evaluate the potential association between irritable bowel syndrome and the parasitic infection. Methods: Cross-sectional study where adult patients with irritable bowel syndrome diagnosed according to Rome IV criteria were included. A control group was formed by asymptomatic subjects older than 18 years. Exclusion criteria were: immunosuppressive condition or having received any drug with demonstrated activity against Blastocystis sp. within the last 6 months before study inclusion. Epidemiological and clinical information was collected from all included participants. Two stool samples were obtained from all participants: one sample for microscopic examination and one sample for Blastocystis sp. PCR detection. Blastocystis sp. infection was defined by the positivity of any of the diagnostic techniques. Results: Seventy-two participants were included (36 asymptomatic subjects and 36 patients with irritable bowel syndrome). Thirty-five (48.6%) were men, and median age of participants was 34 (IQR 29–49) years. The overall rate of Blastocystis sp. carriage was 27.8% (20/72). The prevalence assessed through microscopic examination was 22.2% (16/72), while the prevalence measured by PCR was 15.3% (11/72). When comparing the presence of Blastocystis sp. between asymptomatic subjects and IBS patients, we did not find any statistically significant difference (36.1% vs. 19.4% respectively, p = 0.114). Conclusions: regarding the occurrence of Blastocystis sp., no differences were found between asymptomatic participants and patients with irritable bowel disease irrespective of the diagnostic technique performed.

scholarly journals Digestive symptoms in daily life of chronic adrenal insufficiency patients are similar to irritable bowel syndrome symptoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Quénéhervé ◽  
D. Drui ◽  
J. Blin ◽  
M. Péré ◽  
E. Coron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Adrenal Insufficiency ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Acute Adrenal Insufficiency ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Rome Iv

AbstractGastrointestinal symptoms are frequent in acute adrenal insufficiency. Although digestive symptoms can significantly reduce quality of life, they are rarely described in patients with treated chronic adrenal insufficiency (CAI). We aimed to characterize digestive symptoms in CAI patients. We used the section pertaining functional bowel disorders of the Rome IV questionnaire. A questionnaire was published on the website of the non-profit patient association “Adrenals” (NPPA of CAI patients) for five months. Information on demographics, characteristics of adrenal insufficiency, digestive symptoms and quality of life was collected. The relatives of CAI patients served as a control group. We analyzed responses of 33 control subjects and 119 patients (68 primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI), 30 secondary adrenal insufficiency (SAI) and 21 congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)). Abdominal pain at least once a week over the past 3 months was reported by 40%, 47% and 33% of patients with PAI, SAI and CAH respectively versus 15% for the controls (p = 0.01). Symptoms were consistent with the Rome IV criteria for irritable bowel syndrome in 27%, 33% and 33% of patients respectively versus 6% for the controls (p < 0.0001). Quality of life was described as poor or very poor in 35%, 57% and 24% of patients respectively versus 5% for the controls (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, digestive symptoms are frequent and incapacitating in CAI patients and similar to symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome in 30% of CAI patients. Assessment and management of digestive symptoms should be considered a priority for physicians treating patients with CAI.

scholarly journals Integrative analysis of the gut microbiome and metabolome in a rat model with stress induced irritable bowel syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Hu ◽  
Fang Chen ◽  
Haiyong Ye ◽  
Bin Lu
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbial Dysbiosis ◽  
Irritable Bowel

AbstractStress is one of the major causes of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which is well-known for perturbing the microbiome and exacerbating IBS-associated symptoms. However, changes in the gut microbiome and metabolome in response to colorectal distention (CRD), combined with restraint stress (RS) administration, remains unclear. In this study, CRD and RS stress were used to construct an IBS rat model. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to characterize the microbiota in ileocecal contents. UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS assay was used to characterize the metabolome of gut microbiota. As a result, significant gut microbial dysbiosis was observed in stress-induced IBS rats, with the obvious enrichment of three and depletion of 11 bacterial taxa in IBS rats, when compared with those in the control group (q < 0.05). Meanwhile, distinct changes in the fecal metabolic phenotype of stress-induced IBS rats were also found, including five increased and 19 decreased metabolites. Furthermore, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis were the main metabolic pathways induced by IBS stress. Moreover, the altered gut microbiota had a strong correlation with the changes in metabolism of stress-induced IBS rats. Prevotella bacteria are correlated with the metabolism of 1-Naphthol and Arg.Thr. In conclusion, the gut microbiome, metabolome and their interaction were altered. This may be critical for the development of stress-induced IBS.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF CHILDREN WITH IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
A.V. Zubarenko ◽  
V.V. Luzan ◽  
T.Yu. Kravchenko ◽  
G.K. Kopiyka ◽  
V.I. Martyuk
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Depressed Type ◽  
Clinical Variant ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Psychological Features ◽  
The Brain

Functional gastrointestinal disorders are considered as a clinical variant of the interaction between psychosocial factors and gastrointestinal tract physiology implemented through the "brain - intestine" axis. The purpose of the study was to investigate psychological peculiarities of children with irritable bowel syndrome. The study included 68 children aged from 14 to 18 years with the confirmed diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome. To determine the type of character accentuation, the Schmishek -Leonhard test questionnaire (child version) was used. The SCL-90-R test questionnaire (by L. Derogatis method) was applied to determine psycho-emotional disorders. The study has found out the majority of patients have certain psycho-emotional disorders. The group of children with irritable bowel syndrome, who were experiencing constipation, more frequently demonstrated an emotional type of character accentuation and a somatized and depressed type of psychological disorders. The patients with irritable bowel syndrome and diarrhoea had cycloid and demonstrative types of character accentuation and demonstrated an anxious type according to the questionnaire. The patients with mixed bowel rhythms exhibited features of a cycloid, emotional, and pedantic type of character accentuation. Depression, anxiety, somatised types were reported as manifestations of psychological disorders.

scholarly journals Clinical Response and Changes of Cytokines and Zonulin Levels in Patients with Diarrhoea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Treated with Bifidobacterium Longum ES1 for 8 or 12 Weeks: A Preliminary Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2353
Author(s):  
Gian Paolo Caviglia ◽  
Alessandra Tucci ◽  
Rinaldo Pellicano ◽  
Sharmila Fagoonee ◽  
Chiara Rosso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum) ES1 is a probiotic strain capable of modulating microbiome composition, anti-inflammatory activity and intestinal barrier function. We investigated the use of B. Longum ES1 in the treatment of patients with diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Sixteen patients were treated for 8 or 12 weeks with B. Longum ES1 (1 × 109 CFU/day). Serum zonulin and cytokines were measured at baseline (T0) and at the end of therapy (T1). Clinical response to therapy was assessed by IBS Severity Scoring System. Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-12p70 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α levels decreased from T0 to T1, irrespective of treatment duration (p < 0.05), while zonulin levels diminished only in patients treated for 12 weeks (p = 0.036). Clinical response was observed in 5/16 patients (31%): 4/8 (50%) treated for 12 weeks and 1/8 (13%) treated for 8 weeks. Abdominal pain improved only in patients treated for 12 weeks (5/8 vs. 0/8, p = 0.025), while stool consistency improved regardless of therapy duration (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the results of this pilot study showed, in IBS-D patients treated for 12 weeks with B. longum ES1, a reduction in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and intestinal permeability as well as an improvement in gastrointestinal symptoms, but further studies including a placebo-control group are necessary to prove a causal link.

Self-Concept and Relational Concomitants of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Preliminary Study

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Day ◽  
A.D. Stuart ◽  
H.G. Pretorius
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Supportive Relationships ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Formal Relations ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common conditions referred to gastroenterologists, but one of the least well understood. Part of the reason for this is the lack of consensus of opinion regarding the nature of the complaint. A growing body of evidence attests to the fact that, although certain physiological mechanisms exist that may contribute to the disorder, psychological factors also play an important role in the pathogenesis of IBS in a significant proportion of the patients. In particular, a variety of investigations point to a relationship between self-concept and supportive relationships as being important determinants in health outcomes. The purpose of the study was to determine whether statistically significant differences could be found between individuals suffering from IBS and healthy controls in terms of their self-concept and level of adjustment in terms of relationships, by analysing the results obtained on two psychometric questionnaires, namely the Personal, Home, Social and Formal Relations Questionnaire, and the Adolescent Self-Concept Scale. Statistically significant differences were found between a group of IBS sufferers and a non-IBS control group on the following sub-scales of the Personal, Home, Social and Formal relations Questionnaire: Self-esteem, Nervousness, Health, Family Influences, Personal Influences, Sociability – G, and Moral Sense, with the IBS group achieving higher on these sub-scales. Statistically significant differences were also found in the following dimensions of the Adolescent Self-Concept Scale: Physical Self, Personal Self, Family Self, and Social Self, with the IBS group again achieving higher on these dimensions than the non-IBS group.

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