scholarly journals Low levels of ideal cardiovascular health in a semi-urban population of Western Nepal: a population-based, cross-sectional study

Heart Asia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e011131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishal Gyawali ◽  
Shiva Raj Mishra ◽  
Salim S Virani ◽  
Per Kallestrup
Keyword(s):  
Urban Population ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Low Prevalence

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the status of cardiovascular health among a semi-urban population of Nepal, and determine factors associated with ideal cardiovascular health.MethodsA population-based, cross-sectional study using a systematic random sample was conducted among 2310 adults aged ≥ 25 years in a semi-urban area of the Pokhara Metropolitan City previously named Lekthnath in Nepal. The ideal, intermediate and poor cardiovascular health were defined as the presence of 6–7, 4–5 or 1–3 health metrics, among a list of 7 health behaviours and healthfactors, namely smoking, body mass index, physical activity, fruits and vegetables intakes, harmful alcohol consumption, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose. We used univariate and multivariate Poisson regression models adjusting for sex, age groups, ethnicity, educational level and socioeconomic status, and calculated the prevalence ratios with 95% CIs.ResultsOnly 14.3 % of the participants had ideal cardiovascular health, whereas 67.0% and 18.7% of the participants had intermediate and poor cardiovascular health, respectively. Age groups 45–54 years (prevalence ratio 0.88, 95% CI: 0.83 to 0.94, p<0.001) and 55–64 years (prevalence ratio 0.84, 95% CI: 0.79 to 0.90, p<0.001) were significantly associated with low prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health compared with the age group 35–44 years. Ethnic groups, including Janajati (prevalence ratio 0.89, 95% CI: 0.85 to 0.93, p<0.001) and Dalit (prevalence ratio 0.9, 95% CI: 0.84 to 0.95, p=0.001), were significantly associated with low prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health.ConclusionsPrevalence of ideal cardiovascular health is low in the semi-urban population in Nepal. Concerted efforts are needed to develop a population-based intervention to improve cardiovascular health in Nepal.

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of ideal cardiovascular health in a latin women cohort: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 100071
Author(s):  
Mónica Acevedo ◽  
Paola Varleta ◽  
Carolina Casas-Cordero ◽  
Amalia Berríos ◽  
Carlos Navarrete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health

Abstract P001: LGB Health Disparities: Examining the Status of Ideal Cardiovascular Health From the 2011-2012 NHANES Survey

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anshul Saxena ◽  
Muni Rubens ◽  
Sankalp Das ◽  
Tanuja Rajan ◽  
Gowtham Grandhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Minority Populations ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
The Status ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
And Bisexual

Objectives: Extensive data suggests that lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) adults are more likely to experience adverse cardiovascular outcomes relative to heterosexuals. However, evidence regarding cardiovascular health (CVH) disparities and sexual orientation is scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the distribution of CVH metrics in a US nationally representative population of heterosexual (HT), and LGB adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed 2445 participants (representing 115 million) adults aged 18 or over years in the 2011-2012 NHANES survey. The CVH factors of smoking, body mass index (BMI), physical activity (PA), diet, blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TC) and glucose (GLU) were measured. Each CVH factor was then classified as ideal; intermediate; or poor. Ideal CVH was defined as presence of >=5 ideal CVH metrics. Results: 95.1% of the weighted sample self-identified as HT (95% CI: 93.5%, 96.6%) compared to 4.9% (95%: 3.3%, 6.5%) LGB. The figure illustrates the distribution of each of the 7 CVH categories according to sexual orientation. In age, gender, and race adjusted analysis, LGB individuals were 36% (AOR: 0.64; 95%: 0.29, 1.4; p > 0.05) less likely to have ideal CVH compared to HT. These proportions go higher after adjusting for age. Conclusions: The results suggest that LGB individuals face a higher risk of being in the category for poor cardiovascular health compared to heterosexuals. Evidence suggests that there are sexual orientation disparities among adults. If confirmed in other studies, results point towards disproportionately higher risk for cardiovascular disease among sexual-minority populations. Figure

scholarly journals Hearing threshold levels and hearing loss among people in Zhejiang, China: a population-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e027152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dahui Wang ◽  
Huai Zhang ◽  
Haiyan Ma ◽  
Long Zhang ◽  
Lei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Zhejiang Province ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Frequency Hearing Loss

Hearing loss (≥26 dB threshold in the better ear), as a common chronic condition in humans, is increasingly gaining attention. Relevant research in China is relatively scarce, so we conduct a population-based study to investigate the prevalence of hearing loss among age groups, genders and ears in Zhejiang province, China, from September 2016 to June 2018.Study designPopulation-based cross-sectional studyParticipantsA total of 3754 participants aged 18–98 years and living in Zhejiang province, China.Outcome measuresPure-tone audiometric thresholds were measured at frequencies of 0.125–8 kHz for each subject. All participants were asked to complete a structured questionnaire, in the presence of a healthcare official.ResultsThe prevalence of speech-frequency and high-frequency hearing loss was 27.9% and 42.9%, respectively, in Zhejiang. There were significant differences in auditory thresholds at most frequencies among the age groups, genders (male vs female: 31.6%vs24.1% at speech frequency; 48.9% vs 36.8% at high frequency) and ears. In addition to the common factors affecting both types of hearing loss, a significant correlation was found between personal income and speech-frequency hearing loss (OR=0.69, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.92), and between hyperlipidaemia and high-frequency hearing loss (OR=1.45, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.07).ConclusionThe prevalence of hearing loss was high among people living in Zhejiang, particularly males, and in the left ear. Moreover, hearing thresholds increased with age. Several lifestyle and environment factors, which can be influenced by awareness and education, were significantly associated with hearing loss.

Coverage of and compliance to iron supplementation under the National Iron Plus Initiative among reproductive age-group women in urban Puducherry – a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surendran Gayathri ◽  
Sakthivel Manikandanesan ◽  
Jayaseelan Venkatachalam ◽  
Sarveswaran Gokul ◽  
Arivarasan Yashodha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Medication Compliance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Anaemia is a global health problem and an important cause of morbidity in all age groups, especially among women and children. Various programmes have been implemented to combat anaemia in India and National Iron Plus Initiative (NIPI) is the latest programme to be implemented. Aim To ascertain the proportion of reproductive age women receiving iron supplementation under the NIPI and assess the compliance and factors hindering the implementation and compliance of the programme. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among women of reproductive age (15–49 years) during November 2017. The participants were interviewed at their household using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire to obtain information on socio-demographic details, whether they were receiving iron supplements and compliance to the programme. Results Out of 302 study participants, only 138 (45.7%) were found to be receiving the supplements under the NIPI. The major source of iron supplementation was various health facilities (69.4%). Of those not receiving the tablets, 96.3% were non-pregnant non-lactating women. The proportion of study participants receiving iron supplementation through house visits by auxiliary nurse mid-wives (ANMs) was only 1.45%. Of the 138 women receiving supplementation, 85 (61%) were compliant with their medication. Compliance also tended to be higher among pregnant and lactating women. The most important reasons for non-compliance were adverse effects and forgetfulness. The presence of regular house visits by ANMs had a significant association with reception of tablets [prevalence ratio (PR)–1.43]. Pregnant women had a significant association with both reception (PR–2.19) and compliance (PR–1.8) with iron supplementation. Conclusion The current NIPI programme needs to be regularly evaluated to ensure its effective implementation. Importance should be given to non-pregnant non-lactating women to increase coverage among them.

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