Limited frequency of malignant change in lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia

IntroductionAlthough lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia is a benign disorder of the uterine cervix, its potential as a precursor of minimal deviation adenocarcinoma has been reported. However, the natural history of the disease and the frequency of malignant change are not fully understood. We evaluated the frequency of malignant change of clinical lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia and explored useful parameters indicating malignant change.MethodsThe clinical courses of 175 patients with cervical multi-cystic lesions who visited Shinshu University Hospital between June 1995 and June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. We examined the results of follow-up and outcomes of the patients diagnosed with lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia and investigated the frequency of malignant transformation.ResultsOf the 175 patients, 15, 84, and 76 were clinically diagnosed with suspected malignancy, suspected lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia, and suspected nabothian cyst, respectively. Of these patients, 69 patients with suspected lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia were followed, and 12 underwent hysterectomy after a mean follow-up of 57.1 (range: 3–154) months due to lesion enlargement (increase in tumor diameter of >20%) and/or worsening cytology. Of these 12 patients, two had lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia with atypia and one had minimal deviation adenocarcinoma. Of 69 patients, the rate of malignant change was 1.4% (1/69). The growth rates of the lesions for these three patients during follow-up were significantly higher than those of nine patients who underwent surgery with lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia without atypia and 48 follow-up cases of suspected lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia. The cut-off value of the growth rate suggesting malignant transformation was 38.1% (84.6% sensitivity and 100% specificity). Tumor size and cytology did not change in the remaining 57 cases continuing follow-up.ConclusionAn increase in tumor size and worsening cytology are important parameters for detecting malignant transformation of lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia during follow-up. However, the frequency of malignant change of this disease may be limited. These results suggest that conservative management may be an option for clinical lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia.

Download Full-text

Prevalence, Clinical Features, and Natural History of Incidental Clinically Non-Functioning Pituitary Adenomas

Hormone and Metabolic Research ◽

10.1055/s-0043-115645 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 49 (09) ◽

pp. 654-659 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Pedro Iglesias ◽

Karina Arcano ◽

Vanessa Triviño ◽

Paula García-Sancho ◽

Juan Díez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural History ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Tumor Size ◽

Tumor Diameter ◽

Unusual Event ◽

Maximum Tumor Diameter ◽

History Of ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Suprasellar Extension

AbstractThe objective of the study was to assess the prevalence and clinical features of incidentally discovered clinically non-functioning pituitary adenoma (CNFPA) and to analyze its natural history. A multicenter retrospective study in patients diagnosed with incidental CNFPA periodically followed-up in 3 specialized neuroendocrinology units from 1992 to 2015 was performed. Out of a total of 189 CNFPA patients, 57 cases (30.1%; 29 women; age at diagnosis 55.8±16.7 years) were incidental. Most patients (n=55, 96.5%) were diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A sum of 71.9% (n=41) were macroadenomas; 2 of them (3.5%) were giant adenomas (≥4 cm). Patients with macroadenomas were older than those with microadenomas (59.5±16.7 vs. 46.4±18.1 years, p=0.007). Macroadenomas were more common in men (85.7% vs. 58.6%, p=0.023). Twenty-eight patients (49.1%) showed suprasellar extension; of these, 19 were accompanied by chiasmatic compression. Hypopituitarism was present in 14 (24.6%) patients; which was partial in 13 patients (22.8%) and complete in one patient (1.8%). The gonadal axis was the most frequently affected (n=13, 22.8%). Twenty four patients (42.1%) underwent surgery. Of the non-operated patients, 26 patients could be evaluated morphologically after a median follow-up of 15.5 months (interquartile range, 5.7–32.7 months). No significant changes were found in the maximum tumor diameter at the end of follow-up (1.2±0.6 vs 1.2±0.7 cm). The majority of CNFPAs evaluated (n=23, 88.5%) did not show any changes in size. In 2 cases (7.7%) tumor size decreased, and in one patient (3.8%) increased. In our series of CNFPA patients, approximately one-third were incidental. These tumors were diagnosed by MRI preferably from the 5th decade of life without sex predilection. Most of them were macroadenomas, more commonly diagnosed in men and at an older age, compared to microadenomas. The suprasellar extension with chiasmatic compression and hypopituitarism were frequent at diagnosis. Most of the non-operated incidental CNFPAs remain with stable tumor size over time, growth being an unusual event.

Download Full-text

Coronary risk of patients with valvular heart disease: prospective validation of CT-Valve Score

Open Heart ◽

10.1136/openhrt-2020-001380 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. e001380

Author(s):

Rasmus Bo Hasselbalch ◽

Mia Marie Pries-Heje ◽

Sarah Louise Kjølhede Holle ◽

Thomas Engstrøm ◽

Merete Heitmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

Valvular Heart Disease ◽

Primary Outcome ◽

Multislice Ct ◽

Cost Effective ◽

University Hospital ◽

Before And After ◽

History Of ◽

Artery Disease

ObjectiveTo prospectively validate the CT-Valve score, a new risk score designed to identify patients with valvular heart disease at a low risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) who could benefit from multislice CT (MSCT) first instead of coronary angiography (CAG).MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study of patients referred for valve surgery in the Capital Region of Denmark and Odense University Hospital from the 1 February 2015 to the 1 February 2017. MSCT was implemented for patients with a CT-Valve score ≤7 at the referring physician’s discretion. Patients with a history of CAD or chronic kidney disease were excluded. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients needing reevaluation with CAG after MSCT and risk of CAD among the patients determined to be low to intermediate risk.ResultsIn total, 1149 patients were included. The median score was 9 (IQR 3) and 339 (30%) had a score ≤7. MSCT was used for 117 patients. Of these 29 (25%) were reevaluated and 9 (7.7%) had CAD. Of the 222 patients with a score ≤7 that did not receive an MSCT, 14 (6%) had significant CAD. The estimated total cost of evaluation among patients with a score ≤7 before implementation was €132 093 compared with €79 073 after, a 40% reduction. Similarly, estimated total radiation before and after was 608 mSv and 362 mSv, a 41% reduction. Follow-up at a median of 32 months (18–48) showed no ischaemic events for patients receiving only MSCT.ConclusionThe CT-Valve score is a valid method for determining risk of CAD among patients with valvular heart disease. Using a score ≤7 as a cut-off for the use of MSCT is safe and cost-effective.

Download Full-text

Clinical and radiological features that predict malignant transformation in cystic lesions of the pancreas: a retrospective case note review

AMRC Open Research ◽

10.12688/amrcopenres.12860.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 4

Author(s):

Margaret G. Keane ◽

Hannah R. Dadds ◽

Ghassan El Sayed ◽

Tu Vinh Luong ◽

Brian R. Davidson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Malignant Transformation ◽

Cystic Lesions ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Radiological Features ◽

Multidisciplinary Meeting ◽

Mucinous Neoplasms ◽

Low Incidence ◽

Immediate Surgery

Background: Pancreatic cystic lesions (PCL) are being detected with increasing frequency. Current methods of stratifying risk of malignant transformation are imperfect. This study aimed to determine the frequency of pancreatic malignancy in patients with PCL and define clinical and radiological features that predict malignant transformation in patients managed by surgery and/or surveillance. Methods: A retrospective cohort of adults who were evaluated in a tertiary hepatopancreaticobiliary centre between January 2000 - December 2013 with a confirmed PCL and followed up for at least 5 years. All cystic lesions were discussed at a weekly multidisciplinary meeting. Results: Of the 1,090 patients diagnosed with a PCL, 768 patients were included in the study: 141 patients were referred for immediate pancreatic resection, 570 entered surveillance while 57 had a malignant PCL which was unresectable at diagnosis (n=47) or were unfit for surgery (n=10). In those who were resected following presentation, malignancy was present in 38%. During follow-up 2% of those entering a surveillance programme underwent malignant transformation. Clinical and radiological features associated with a high-risk PCL included older age, symptoms, associated solid component or dilated main pancreatic duct. In intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, larger size was not a feature of malignant transformation (benign vs. malignant 30mm vs. 23mm; P= 0.012). Conclusion: The sensitivity of standard diagnostic tests leading to immediate surgery for high-risk PCL (malignant or mucinous) was 92% but with a specificity of just 5%. Surveillance of PCL without high-risk features within a multidisciplinary meeting was associated with a low incidence of cancer development, supporting the use of worrisome clinical and radiological features in the initial stratification of PCL.

Download Full-text

MO292MALIGNANT DISEASE IS MORE COMMON WITH DETERIORATING KIDNEY FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH MEMBRANOUS NEPHROPATHY

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfab104.0050 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Ivana Vukovic Brinar ◽

Karlo Kurtov ◽

Mario Laganovic ◽

Zivka Dika ◽

Marijana Ćorić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Kidney Function ◽

Membranous Nephropathy ◽

Malignant Disease ◽

Initial Therapy ◽

University Hospital ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

History Of ◽

Kdigo Guidelines ◽

Informatic System

Abstract Background and Aims Membranous nephropathy (MN) can be associated with tumor and present a paraneoplastic condition. Recently, development of tumors during the course of follow up is more in focus. It is especially interested whether patient with MN are prone to tumors, or tumors are condition indipendent of membranous nephropathy or consequence of imunosupressive therapy (IS). Method Retrospective data of all adult patients diagnosed with MN from 1987 to 2017 at the Department of Nephrology of University Hospital Centre Zagreb were analysed. Medical data regarding antropometric measeures and preexsisting comorbid disease at presentation and during follow up were derived from medical records and hospital informatic system. Furthermore, data regarding kidney function were used, namely serum creatinine (SCr), proteinuria. Renal function was assessed using CKD-EPI equation. CKD stages, partial and complete remission were defined according to KDIGO guidelines. Results From 1987 till 2017 a total of 122 patients were diagnosed with MN. Eighty nine (72.9%) were treated with imunosupressive therapy. Most commonly prescribed initial therapy was combination of corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide (N=66; 74%). Three (0,02%) patients had history of tumor with median of 3y (min – max 1-4 y) before glomerular disease presentation, two solid tumor, adenocarcinoma pulmonum and carcinoma prostatae, and one condition after allogenic haematopoetic transplantation due to acute myeloid leukemia. There was no difference in clinical presentation between those with positive history of malignant disease and others (proteinura 11.7 g/du (25-75C 3.4-15.7) vs. 5.8 g/dU (25-75C 3.4 – 8.5); p=0.232 and eGFR 57 ml/min/1,73m2 (25C-75C 14 – 59) vs. 81 ml/min/1.73m2 (25-75C 54 – 100); p=0.066). During follow up 11 (9%) patients developed tumor, median age of pts 67 y (min – max 59 – 71); nine solid tumors most comonly of gastrointestinal origin (pancreas, colon N=5 (45%)), then pulmonum (N=2(18%)) and urogenithal origin (ca renis and prostate N=2 18%). Also two hematological malignancies (B-ALL, B-NHL) occurred. Median time till confirmed malignant disease was 9 y (min – max 5 -24). At the time of detecting the tumor six (54%) patients were in complete and partial remission (4 and 2) and 2 (18%) patients had nephrotic syndrome. No difference was observed in proteinuria between those with malignant condition and other MN patients (1,4 g/dU (25 – 75C 0.2 – 5.6) vs. 0,29 g/dU (25 – 75C 0.13 – 0.74); P=0.154). MN patients with malignant disease during follow up had lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR 45 ml/min/1,73m2 (25 – 75C 22 – 70) vs. 77 (25 – 75C 58 – 92); p=0.010). There was no difference in cummulative dose of cyclophosphamide between those who developed tumor with others (24 g(25 – 75C13.5 – 30) vs. 27 g(25 – 75C 15 – 38)p=0.592). Conclusion Our data emphasize the need for long term follow up of patients with membranous nephropathy despite accomplishing remission of MN and period screening for malignant disease, especially in those with deteriorating kidney function.

Download Full-text

Single Centre Experience in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Sporadic, Lithium-associated and in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia

Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes ◽

10.1055/a-0950-9892 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 128 (10) ◽

pp. 693-698

Author(s):

Sabine Dillenberger ◽

Detlef K. Bartsch ◽

Elisabeth Maurer ◽

Peter Herbert Kann

Keyword(s):

Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia ◽

University Hospital ◽

Primary Surgery ◽

Endocrine Neoplasia ◽

Single Centre Experience ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

The University

Abstract Purpose It is assumed that primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN) and lithium-associated pHPT (LIHPT) are associated with multiple gland disease (MGD), persistence and recurrence. The studies purpose was to determine frequencies, clinical presentation and outcome of sporadic pHPT (spHPT), LIHPT and pHPT in MEN. Additional main outcome measures were the rates of MGD and persistence/recurrence. Methods Retrospective analysis of medical records of 682 patients with pHPT who had attended the University Hospital of Marburg between 01–01–2004 and 30–06–2013. All patients were sent a questionnaire asking about their history of lithium medication. Results Out of 682 patients, 557 underwent primary surgery (532 spHPT, 5 LIHPT, 20 MEN), 38 redo-surgery (31 spHPT, 7 MEN), 55 were in follow-up due to previous surgery (16 spHPT, 1 LIHPT, 38 MEN) and 37 were not operated (33 spHPT, 1 LIHPT, 3 MEN). Primary surgeries were successful in 97.4%, revealed singular adenomas in 92.4%, double adenomas in 2.9% and MGD in 3.4% of the cases. Rates of MGD in MEN1 (82.35%) were significantly higher than in spHPT (3.8%), while there was no significant difference between LIHPT (20%) and spHPT. Rates of persistence/recurrence did not significantly differ due to type of surgery (bilateral/unilateral) or type of HPT (spHPT/LIHPT/MEN). Conclusions History of lithium medication is rare among pHPT patients. While MGD is common in MEN1, rates of MGD, persistence or recurrence in LIHPT were not significantly higher than in spHPT.

Download Full-text

Recurrence of First Afebrile Unprovoked Seizure and Parental Consanguinity: A Hospital-Based Study

Journal of Child Neurology ◽

10.1177/0883073820924484 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (10) ◽

pp. 643-648

Author(s):

Miral A. Al Momani ◽

Basima Almomani ◽

Salar Bani Hani ◽

Andrew Lux

Keyword(s):

University Hospital ◽

Unprovoked Seizure ◽

Recurrent Attack ◽

Parental Consanguinity ◽

Pediatric Clinic ◽

Increased Risk ◽

High Incidence ◽

History Of

Purpose: The aim of the current study was to determine the incidence, clinical characteristics, and risk factors associated with the recurrence of first unprovoked seizure in children. Methods: A retrospective, observational study was conducted at King Abdullah University Hospital in Jordan. Children aged from 1 month to 16 years old who attended the hospital between January 2013 to December 2017 were evaluated on the basis of medical records, from the first visit and for a 1-year follow-up period. Results: During the study period, a total of 290 cases with first unprovoked seizure were included. The incidence of first unprovoked seizure was 441 cases per 100 000 patient visits to the pediatric clinic. More than half of the cases developed a second attack (55.3%). Children with parental consanguinity were almost 3 times more likely to develop a second attack of seizure compared to those without parental consanguinity (odds ratio [OR] = 2.785, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.216-6.378, P = .015) and patients who had a history of focal type of seizure were almost twice as likely to develop seizure recurrence (OR = 1.798, 95% CI = 1.013-3.193, P = .045). Conclusions: The current results showed a high incidence of first unprovoked seizure among children in Jordan. Parental consanguinity and focal seizure were associated with the increased risk of recurrent attack. This finding highlights the need for public education regarding the outcomes of parental consanguinity to improve the patient’s quality of life.

Download Full-text

Malignant Transformation of Postmenopausal Endometriosis: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13164026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (16) ◽

pp. 4026

Author(s):

Luca Giannella ◽

Chiara Marconi ◽

Jacopo Di Giuseppe ◽

Giovanni Delli Carpini ◽

Mariasole Fichera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Malignant Transformation ◽

Previous History ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Major Surgery ◽

Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma ◽

History Of ◽

Definitive Surgery ◽

Clinical Conditions ◽

Postmenopausal Endometriosis

Objective: This study aimed to systematically review the existing literature on malignant transformation of postmenopausal endometriosis to provide information about patient characteristics, hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) use, and outcomes over a period of 52 years (1969–2021). Methods: According to PRISMA guidelines, we searched for (endometriosis OR endometriotic) AND (cancer OR malignancy OR malignant transformation) AND (menopause OR menopausal OR postmenopause OR postmenopausal) in Pubmed (all fields) (accessed on 12 February 2021) and Scopus (Title/Abstract/Keywords) (accessed on 12 February 2021) databases. The only filter used was the English language. Relevant articles were obtained in full-text format and screened for additional references. Eligibility/inclusion criteria: studies including full case description of malignant transformation of endometriosis-related lesions in postmenopause. Results: 75 studies, including 90 cases, were retrieved. The mean age was 55.8 ± 8.5 years. Overall, about 65% of women had a positive personal history of endometriosis/adenomyosis, and 64% of women underwent previous hysterectomy ± bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Forty-nine of 74 women used HRT (66.2%). Among the women who used HRT, estrogen-only treatment was taken by approximately 75%. Duration of HRT was longer than five years in 63.3% of cases. About 70% of subjects had histology of endometrioid adenocarcinoma or clear cell carcinoma. Follow-up outcome, available for 61 women, showed a survival rate of 78.7%, recurrence of 9.8%, death of 11.5%. The duration of follow-up had a median of 12 months (interquartile range, 6.75–25 months). Interestingly, over the years of case publication there was a significant inverse correlation with previous history of endometriosis (r = −0.28, p = 0.007), HRT use (r = −0.31, p = 0.006), and previous definitive surgery (r = −0.42, p < 0.001). Conclusions: In the malignant transformation of postmenopausal endometriosis, there are some recurrent clinical conditions: previous endometriosis, major definitive surgery before menopause, and estrogen-only HRT for a relatively long time. However, these clinical conditions have shown a drastic decrease over time. This could likely be the consequence of different attitudes and management of gynecologists linked to up-to-date scientific evidence about the use of major surgery in gynecological pathologies. Malignant transformation of postmenopausal endometriosis is a clinical challenge to be explored further.

Download Full-text

Cervical node metastases presenting with features of branchial cysts

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215100128907 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 108 (12) ◽

pp. 1068-1071 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

P. M. Flanagan ◽

N. J. Roland ◽

A. S. Jones

Keyword(s):

Squamous Carcinoma ◽

Neck Mass ◽

Primary Site ◽

University Hospital ◽

Cystic Lesions ◽

Cyst Excision ◽

True Incidence ◽

Node Metastases ◽

Over 40 Years

AbstractFor many years it has been recognized that seemingly benign neck cysts may contain carcinoma. The true incidence is unknown. This paper investigated nine out of 270 patients presenting with a neck mass — which proved to contain a squamous carcinoma. Records (from a 30-year period) of over 3400 patients with squamous carcinoma of the head and neck, were examined. The histology slides were reviewed, the number of cystic lesions was noted and also the clinical outcome. Out of the 270 patients nine presented with a cystic lesion and these were studied. Six cystic lesions were originally diagnosed as branchial cysts although the youngest age was 39 years. All patients underwent a simple excision.In six cases the tonsil was the primary site, in one the primary was in the base of tongue and in two the primary remained occult. One-third of the patients had died of their disease by the time this report was written and the maximum follow-up time for the remaining patients was 18 months. Therefore 16 per cent of branchial cysts in this series represented metastases from squamous cell carcinoma.At the Royal Liverpool University Hospital only 25 patients had branchial cysts excised between 1988 and 1993: out of these only four contained squamous carcinoma.In patients over 40 years of age panendoscopy and ipsilateral tonsillectomy is mandatory prior to cyst excision.

Download Full-text

Case report of fibrous dysplasia in a pediatric patient: importance of adequate treatment to avoid malignization

10.5327/1516-3180.574 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

João Victor Bezerra Ramos ◽

João Lucas Pordeus de Menezes ◽

Louyse Jerônimo de Morais ◽

Maurus Marques de Almeida Holanda

Keyword(s):

Fibrous Dysplasia ◽

Malignant Transformation ◽

Adequate Treatment ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

History Of ◽

Daily Headache ◽

The Right ◽

Temporal Bones

Background: Fibrous dysplasia is a congenital and benign bone tumor. There may be malignant transformation in some cases, with a mortality rate of 53.6%. Objectives and Methods: To describe a patient with fibrous dysplasia in childhood in the parietal and temporal bones, and to report the importance of surgical correction to prevent malignant transformation. The case was studied and came from a referral hospital – João Pesssoa, PB. Results: History of daily headache and bulging in the temporal and parietal regions on the right. Computed tomography revealed lesions in the aspect of “ground glass”. Surgery was performed with exposure of two lesions, with craniectomy, followed by cranioplasty. Such an approach should be recommended, since malignant transformation occurs in up to 1% of cases, but after radiotherapy this rate can reach 44% of cases, mainly osteosarcoma. In this case, the anatomopathological study revealed a diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia and the patient has been followed up for 20 years without recurrences, which are common in adolescence. Conclusions: It is important to make a differential diagnosis with malignant diseases, in addition to contraindicating radiotherapy to prevent malignant transformation; long-term follow-up is essential to avoid relapses and / or complications resulting from the disease.

Download Full-text

Andreas Grüntzigs Ballon-Katheter zur Angioplastie von peripheren Arterien (PTA) ist 25 Jahre alt

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526.28.1.58 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 58-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Bollinger ◽

Schlumpf

Keyword(s):

Balloon Catheter ◽

University Hospital ◽

Large Numbers ◽

Tendon Reflex ◽

Double Lumen Catheter ◽

Iliac Artery Stenosis ◽

Lumen Catheter ◽

History Of ◽

Original Procedure

History of Andreas Grüntzig’s time spent in Angiology and Radiology of the Zürich University Hospital (1969–1975). First, the pioneer of catheter therapy discovered that the Achilles tendon reflex is significantly prolongued during claudication pain. Furthermore, he participated actively in the clinical evaluation of Doppler ultrasound. After a stay in the Aggertalklinik (Engelskirchen near Köln, Germany), where he learnt Charles Dotter’s original procedure with Eberhard Zeitler, he introduced catheter therapy of peripheral arteries in Zürich. In the same period he developed a new, rigid, sausage-shaped balloon catheter (polyvinylchloride), manufactered the device on his kitchen table together with his wife Michaela, Maria and Walter Schlumpf, and used it first on February 12, 1974 in a patient with intermittent claudication due to subtotal stenosis of the superficial femoral artery. The first successful dilatation of an iliac artery stenosis by his double-lumen catheter, which was modified later on into the famous coronary catheter, followed on January 23, 1975. Soon, the innovative catheter became commercially available (Cook and Schneider Companies). Andreas Grüntzig not only excelled in pioneering novel techniques, but also in patient care, in a prospective follow-up study of his own 242 patients lasting 15 years (results summarized in this article), in the teaching of Swiss scholars like Felix Mahler, Ernst Schneider and Bernhard Meier and many more in the world, and in organizing life demonstrations for large numbers of participants. His career in Cardiology, his work in Atlanta Georgia, USA, and his early tragic death in an airplane accident are briefly mentioned.

Download Full-text