scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of a novel bioengineered honey against non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae biofilms: an in vitro study

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 554-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel S Newby ◽  
Matthew Dryden ◽  
Raymond N Allan ◽  
Rami J Salib
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Novel Treatment Strategies

The opportunistic pathogen non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) plays an important role in many chronic respiratory diseases including otitis media, chronic rhinosinusitis, cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Biofilm formation has been implicated in NTHi colonisation, persistence of infection and recalcitrance towards antimicrobials. There is therefore a pressing need for the development of novel treatment strategies that are effective against NTHi biofilm-associated diseases. SurgihoneyRO is a honey-based product that has been bioengineered to enable the slow release of H2O2, a reactive oxygen species to which H. influenzae is susceptible. Treatment of established NTHi biofilms with SurgihoneyRO significantly reduced biofilm viability through enhanced H2O2 production and was shown to be more effective than the conventional antibiotic co-amoxiclav.

scholarly journals Targeting Cytokines as Evolving Treatment Strategies in Chronic Inflammatory Airway Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaleesa Garth ◽  
Jarrod Barnes ◽  
Stefanie Krick
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Bronchial Epithelium ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Airway Diseases ◽  
Novel Treatment Strategies

Cytokines are key players in the initiation and propagation of inflammation in chronic inflammatory airway diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis and allergic asthma. This makes them attractive targets for specific novel anti-inflammatory treatment strategies. Recently, both interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6 have been associated with negative health outcomes, mortality and a pro-inflammatory phenotype in COPD. IL-6 in COPD was shown to correlate negatively with lung function, and IL-1beta was induced by cigarette smoke in the bronchial epithelium, causing airway inflammation. Furthermore, IL-8 has been shown to be a pro-inflammatory marker in bronchiectasis, COPD and allergic asthma. Clinical trials using specific cytokine blockade therapies are currently emerging and have contributed to reduce exacerbations and steroid use in COPD. Here, we present a review of the current understanding of the roles of cytokines in the pathophysiology of chronic inflammatory airway diseases. Furthermore, outcomes of clinical trials in cytokine blockade as novel treatment strategies for selected patient populations with those diseases will be discussed.

The Red Blood Cell as a Biosensor for Monitoring Oxidative Imbalance in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Ex Vivo and In Vitro Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1171-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Lucantoni ◽  
Donatella Pietraforte ◽  
Paola Matarrese ◽  
Lucrezia Gambardella ◽  
Alessio Metere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

scholarly journals Fluoxetine Can Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 339
Author(s):  
Arthur Dechaumes ◽  
Magloire Pandoua Nekoua ◽  
Sandrine Belouzard ◽  
Famara Sane ◽  
Ilka Engelmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytopathic Effect ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Novel Treatment Strategies ◽  
Antiviral Mechanism

An outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) resulted in the coronavirus disease pandemic, drastically affecting global health and economy. Though the understanding of the disease has improved, fighting the virus remains challenging. One of the strategies is repurposing existing drugs as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2. Fluoxetine (FLX), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, reportedly inhibits the replication of RNA viruses, especially Coxsackieviruses B (CVB), such as CV-B4 in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the in vitro antiviral activity of FLX against SARS-CoV-2 in a model of acute infection. When 10 μM of FLX was added to SARS-CoV-2-infected Vero E6 cells, the virus-induced cytopathic effect was not observed. In this model, the level of infectious particles in the supernatant was lower than that in controls. The level was below the limit of detection of the assay up to day 3 post-infection when FLX was administered before viral inoculation or simultaneously followed by daily inoculation. In conclusion, FLX can inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential value of FLX to combat SARS-CoV-2 infections, treat SARS-CoV-2-induced diseases, and explain the antiviral mechanism of this molecule to pave way for novel treatment strategies.

scholarly journals Novel Sialic Acid Transporter of Haemophilus influenzae

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 5291-5300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Allen ◽  
Anthony Zaleski ◽  
Jason W. Johnston ◽  
Bradford W. Gibson ◽  
Michael A. Apicella
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Acetylneuraminic Acid ◽  
Acid Incorporation ◽  
Transporter Family

ABSTRACT Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae is an opportunistic pathogen and a common cause of otitis media in children and of chronic bronchitis and pneumonia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The lipooligosaccharides, a major component of the outer membrane of H. influenzae, play an important role in microbial virulence and pathogenicity. N-Acetylneuraminic acid (sialic acid) can be incorporated into the lipooligosaccharides as a terminal nonreducing sugar. Although much of the pathway of sialic acid incorporation into lipooligosaccharides is understood, the transporter responsible for N-acetylneuraminic acid uptake in H. influenzae has yet to be characterized. In this paper we demonstrate that this transporter is a novel sugar transporter of the tripartite ATP-independent periplasmic transporter family. In the absence of this transporter, H. influenzae cannot incorporate sialic acid into its lipooligosaccharides, making the organism unable to survive when exposed to human serum and causing reduced viability in biofilm growth.

scholarly journals Conventional and Novel Treatment Strategies to Combat COVID-19 along with Review of most Affected Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol V (I) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Umair-Ul-Hassan ◽  
Rana Muhammad Awais Khan ◽  
Shafiq-Ur-Rehman ◽  
Amjad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Viral Genome ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Advance Technology ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Novel Treatment Strategies ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
Fda Approved Drugs

This review illustrates a comparison of currently implemented strategies and the need of a novel technique to cure the COVID-19. Current strategies served a lot to cope up with the situation by decreasing the rate of fatalities i.e. some FDA approved drugs and giving immunity by the plasma proteins of cured patients, however these approaches could not eliminate the pandemic from the society emphasizing that some advance technology need to be considered in order to fight with SARS-COV-2 virus. CRISPR-Cas based approach to inactivate the virus before its fusion with host DNA has been successful in in-vitro studies performed at Stanford University along with SHERLOCK & MAMMOTH biosciences who were able to degrade 80 % viral genome. Here we have also done a literature review of major affected countries China, Italy, United states, and India.

scholarly journals Manganese complex [Mn(CO)3(tpa-κ3N)]Br increases antibiotic sensitivity in multidrug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apostolos Liakopoulos ◽  
Roberto M. La Ragione ◽  
Christoph Nagel ◽  
Ulrich Schatzschneider ◽  
Daniel E. Rozen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Novel Treatment Strategies

AbstractThe emergence of multidrug-resistance (MDR) in Streptococcus pneumoniae clones and non-vaccine serotypes is of increasing concern, necessitating the development of novel treatment strategies. Here, we determined the efficacy of the Mn complex [Mn(CO)3(tpa-κ3N)]Br against MDR S. pneumoniae strains. Our data showed that [Mn(CO)3(tpa-κ3N)]Br has in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity and has the potential to be used in combination with currently available antibiotics to increase their effectiveness against MDR S. pneumoniae.

scholarly journals Targeting Aging Pathways in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6924
Author(s):  
Molly Easter ◽  
Seth Bollenbecker ◽  
Jarrod W. Barnes ◽  
Stefanie Krick
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Sensing ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Telomere Attrition ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
Novel Treatment Strategies

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has become a global epidemic and is the third leading cause of death worldwide. COPD is characterized by chronic airway inflammation, loss of alveolar-capillary units, and progressive decline in lung function. Major risk factors for COPD are cigarette smoking and aging. COPD-associated pathomechanisms include multiple aging pathways such as telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, altered nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell senescence, stem cell exhaustion and chronic inflammation. In this review, we will highlight the current literature that focuses on the role of age and aging-associated signaling pathways as well as their impact on current treatment strategies in the pathogenesis of COPD. Furthermore, we will discuss established and experimental COPD treatments including senolytic and anti-aging therapies and their potential use as novel treatment strategies in COPD.

scholarly journals In Vitro Evaluation of a Vibrating-Mesh Nebulizer Repeatedly Use over 28 Days

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Ling Lin ◽  
Chi-Shuo Chen ◽  
James B. Fink ◽  
Guo-Hao Lee ◽  
Chun-Wei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Breathing Pattern ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Drug Dose ◽  
Lung Model ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Light Penetration ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

This in vitro study evaluates the performance of a disposable vibrating-mesh nebulizer when used for 28 days. A lung model was used to simulate the breathing pattern of an adult with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The vibrating-mesh nebulizer was used for three treatments/day over 28 days without cleaning after each test. Results showed that the inhaled drug dose was similar during four weeks of use (p = 0.157), with 16.73 ± 4.46% at baseline and 15.29 ± 2.45%, 16.21 ± 2.21%, 17.56 ± 1.98%, and 17.13 ± 1.81%, after the first, second, third, and fourth weeks, respectively. The particle size distribution, residual drug volume, and nebulization time remained similar across four weeks of use (p = 0.110, p = 0.763, and p = 0.573, respectively). Mesh was inspected using optical microscopy and showed that approximately 50% of mesh pores were obscured after 84 runs, and light penetration through the aperture plate was significantly reduced after the 21st use (p < 0.001) with no correlation to nebulizer performance. We conclude that the vibrating-mesh nebulizer delivered doses of salbutamol solution effectively over four weeks without cleaning after each use even though the patency and clarity of the aperture plate were reduced by the first week of use.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document