Cold Ischemic Organ Preservation: Lessons from Natural Systems

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 315-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth B. Storey
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Of Function ◽  
Cdna Array ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Complementary Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
New Research ◽  
Shock Proteins

Mammalian hibernators offer natural models for investigating solutions to the metabolic injuries that accrue during cold ischemic storage of human organs removed for transplant. Knowledge of the biochemical mechanisms that regulate and stabilize metabolism to ensure long-term viability in the hypometabolic, hypothermic state of hibernation could lead to applied treatments that could increase the time that excised organs can be maintained in cold storage and/or improve recovery of function after implantation. New research has documented the widespread role of reversible protein phosphorylation control of metabolism in achieving the coordinated suppression of metabolic rate that greatly extends viability during torpor. Analysis of hibernation-induced gene expression is proving to be of crucial importance for identifying the genes and proteins that are up-regulated to address organ-specific concerns during torpor. In particular, the power of complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA) array screening is identifying families of proteins that are up-regulated during hibernation (eg, serpins, heat shock proteins, antioxidants, membrane transporters) and highlighting previously unrecognized areas of cellular metabolism as contributing to the hibernation phenotype. These offer new targets for innovative applied treatments that could enhance cytoprotection and cold ischemia survival of organ explants.

scholarly journals AI and robotics to help older adults: Revisiting projects in search of lessons learned

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 356-378
Author(s):  
Gabriella Cortellessa ◽  
Riccardo De Benedictis ◽  
Francesca Fracasso ◽  
Andrea Orlandini ◽  
Alessandro Umbrico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Assisted Living ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Technology Acceptance Models ◽  
Key Points ◽  
New Research ◽  
And Robotics

Abstract This article is a retrospective overview of work performed in the domain of Active Assisted Living over a span of almost 18 years. The authors have been creating and refining artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics solutions to support older adults in maintaining their independence and improving their quality of life. The goal of this article is to identify strong features and general lessons learned from those experiences and conceive guidelines and new research directions for future deployment, also relying on an analysis of similar research efforts. The work considers key points that have contributed to increase the success of the innovative solutions grounding them on known technology acceptance models. The analysis is presented with a threefold perspective: A Technological vision illustrates the characteristics of the support systems to operate in a real environment with continuity, robustness, and safety; a Socio-Health perspective highlights the role of experts in the socio-assistance domain to provide contextualized and personalized help based on actual people’s needs; finally, a Human dimension takes into account the personal aspects that influence the interaction with technology in the long term experience. The article promotes the crucial role of AI and robotics in ensuring intelligent and situated assistive behaviours. Finally, considering that the produced solutions are socio-technical systems, the article suggests a transdisciplinary approach in which different relevant disciplines merge together to have a complete, coordinated, and more informed vision of the problem.

scholarly journals Positive Effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching on Sports Performance: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Fatih Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
New Research

The role of flexibility on athletic performance is going on to be studied both acutely and how it affects the performance in the long-term. It is important to understand the effects of various stretching types and define the most appropriate form in order to maximize the human movement and performance. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching techniques are commonly used at athletic and clinic settings with the aim of optimizing motor performance and rehabilitation in order to increase range of motion. Yet, new research results put forth that the relation between performance and stretching is not as its thought and come up to this belief with suspicion. The aim of this review is to focus on the positive effects of PNF stretching on performance and to provide the reader with the latest researches on athletic performance. The researches reveal that PNF stretching can increase athletic performance in the long-term. Besides, it is more possible to obtain and maintain the benefits of PNF techniques if they are performed accurately and consistently.

scholarly journals An immunoinformatics approach for the design of a multi-epitope subunit vaccine for urogenital schistosomiasis

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8795
Author(s):  
Olugbenga S. Onile ◽  
Adeyinka I. Fadahunsi ◽  
Ameerah A. Adekunle ◽  
Bolaji F. Oyeyemi ◽  
Chiaka I. Anumudu
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Subunit Vaccine ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Protein Docking ◽  
Developmental Cycle ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 4 ◽  
Urogenital Schistosomiasis ◽  
Shock Proteins

Discovery of T and B memory cells capable of eliciting long-term immunity against schistosomiasisis is important for people in endemic areas. Changes in schistosomes environment due to developmental cycle, induces up-regulation of Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) which assist the parasite in coping with the hostile conditions associated with its life cycle. This study therefore focused on exploring the role of HSPs in urogenital schistosomiasis to develop new multi-epitope subunit vaccine against the disease using immunoinformatic approaches. The designed subunit vaccine was subjected to in silico antigenicity, immunogenicity, allergenicity and physicochemical parameters analysis. A 3D structure of the vaccine construct was predicted, followed by disulphide engineering for stability, codon adaptation and in silico cloning for proper expression and molecular protein–protein docking of vaccine construct in the vector against toll-like receptor 4 receptor, respectively. Consequently, a 493 amino acid multi-epitope vaccine construct of antigenicity probability of 0.91 was designed. This was predicted to be stable, non-allergenic in nature and safe for human use.

scholarly journals Taking State-Capacity Research to the Field: Insights from Collaborations with Tax Authorities

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 755-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Pomeranz ◽  
José Vila-Belda
Keyword(s):  
Black Box ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Natural Experiments ◽  
Close Collaboration ◽  
Practical Advice ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
New Research ◽  
Role Of Information

No modern state can exist in the long term without effective taxation. Recent research emerging from close collaboration of academics with tax authorities has shed new light on how states can build such tax capacity. Using both randomized and natural experiments, these partnerships have not only opened access to new types of data but have also stimulated new perspectives and research questions. While much of research in public finance has historically assumed that a tax in the law is a tax that is collected, exciting new research takes an empirical look inside the black box of tax administration. It addresses issues ranging from the role of information and digitalization to taxpayer behavior or to the link between taxation and citizens’ relationship to the state. This article provides a brief overview of some of this research, as well as practical advice for those interested in implementing research in partnership with tax authorities or other large public entities.

The role of breastfeeding in strengthening the immune system

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 162-163
Author(s):  
David Hancock
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Immunological Mechanisms ◽  
New Research

Breastfeeding has proven long-term positive health benefits, but new research has uncovered the immunological mechanisms responsible for its impact on the immune system

Microglia and bradykinin cross-talk in post-stroke cognitive impairment in diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Barić ◽  
Marina Dobrivojević Radmilović
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cross Talk ◽  
Recovery Of Function ◽  
Stroke Recovery ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
The Impact

Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and the leading cause of long-term disability worldwide. Although cognitive impairment is a common consequence of stroke, the underlying pathophysiological processes that lead to it are still poorly understood. Recently, more studies have shown evidence of the involvement of diabetes in producing a chronic neuroinflammatory state, which ultimately alters the recovery of function and cognition after stroke. To better understand the impact of diabetes on post-stroke recovery, here we highlight the recent insights on the role of diabetes in neuroinflammation, especially regarding its effect on microglial function, and the emerging data on the involvement of kinins in both diabetes and neuroinflammation.

scholarly journals Organizational ambidexterity as a new research paradigm in strategic management

2016 ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
Dávid Taródy
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Organizational Ambidexterity ◽  
Exploration And Exploitation ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
New Research

Long-term survival and growth depends on the firm’s ability to exploit its current competencies while exploring fundamentally new ones. Finding the balance between exploration and exploitation is called ambidexterity in the literature. This paper is a comprehensive review of organizational ambidexterity theory. Creating and maintaining the capacity to simultaneously pursue these contradictory activities is an extremely difficult managerial challenge. Although, several aspects are well-researched, especially structural and leadership solutions in large, multinational enterprises, but little is known about: (1) how ambidexterity forms in earlier growth stages? (2) What are the key drivers and elements of organizational context that makes organizations able to become ambidextrous? (3) What is the role of different managerial levels in this formation process? Reviewing the literature, in this article the author would like to introduce the paradox of exploration and exploitation, the tensions and different aspects of ambidexterity, the fields current stage and some important research gaps.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document