Tissue engineering through the UK Defence Medical Services: lessons learned from the Armed Forces Institute of Regenerative Medicine (AFIRM)

2016 ◽  
Vol 162 (4) ◽  
pp. 234-235
Author(s):  
Robert Staruch ◽  
G E Glass ◽  
P E M Butler
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
The Uk

Ebola Virus Disease - clinical manifestations, management and future therapies

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
D O’Brien ◽  
M K O’Shea ◽  
T E Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ebola Virus Disease ◽  
International Response ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Specific Symptoms

AbstractThe largest epidemic of Ebola Virus Disease in recorded human history occurred in West Africa in 2014 and resulted in significant morbidity and mortality. The causative pathogen, Ebola virus, is readily transmitted through contact with the body fluids of infected individuals and from the bodies of those who have died from the disease. In its early stages, the illness is characterised by non-specific symptoms that mimic many other endemic infectious diseases in countries with limited healthcare resources. These factors contributed to the rapid spread of the outbreak, which required an international response in which the UK Armed Forces played an important role. This review describes the clinical presentation, lessons learned from managing the West African outbreak, and potential future treatments.

Combat casualty care: advances in torso trauma and lessons learned from two decades of conflict

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-124
Author(s):  
M Khan
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
International Collaboration ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Combat Casualty ◽  
Torso Trauma ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Combat Casualty Care

AbstractThe last two decades have resulted in rapid developments in the management of torso trauma in injured military personnel. Through international collaboration and targeted research strategies, the UK Defence Medical Services have been at the fore-front of these developments. This review explores the key partnerships and areas of research that have enabled these successful developments to occur.

scholarly journals How Does the Response and Management of Terrorist Attacks by Emergency Medical Services in the UK Compare to Europe and the USA?

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Grant ◽  
Simon Dady
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medical Services ◽  
Research Question ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Recent Experience ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk

Research question How does the response and management of terrorist attacks by emergency medical services (EMS) in the United Kingdom (UK) compare to Europe and the United States of America (USA)?  Introduction Terrorist attacks and active shooter events account for a growing number of mass casualty and major incidents in the UK, Europe and the USA. In order to better prepare for future incidents, analysis of prior events is essential.   Methods Systematic literature searches of papers published between 1/1/2004 and 5/31/2018 were conducted using two key databases: CINAHL Plus and PubMed (indexed from MEDLINE). Key contents of identified papers were abstracted, including EMS response and patient management, with emphasis placed upon identified recommendations and lessons learned.  Results Four hundred and forty-two records were identified in the preliminary search, with 176 records further screened using the title and abstract. Ten papers were included in the final review, reflecting 13 events from five countries across two continents. Three major themes identified throughout the papers were emergency preparedness, resilience and response (EPRR), casualty triage, and tactical emergency medical services (TEMS). These themes were present in 90%, 70% and 40% of the papers respectively.  Conclusion New and innovative EMS response strategies occurred over the study period, in part due to the dissemination of lessons learned. Despite advances in response to mass violence events, significant gaps remain, in part due to lack of adoption of recommendations. Recent experience with advanced TEMS providers capable of operating within the inner perimeter suggests that this approach should be further evaluated as part of the response plan for future events.

scholarly journals The Cyborg Embryo

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 167-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Life Itself ◽  
Stem Cell Derivation ◽  
Stem Cell Science ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Cell Interface

It is useful on the occasion of the 21st anniversary of the ‘Cyborg Manifesto’ not only to reconsider its lessons in the context of what is frequently described as the re-engineering of ‘life itself’, but to look at Haraway’s earlier work on embryos. In this article I begin with Haraway’s analysis of embryology in the 1970s to suggest her cyborg embryo was already there, and has, if anything, gained relevance in today’s embryo-strewn society. I argue further, as the title suggests, that the cyborg embryo has been crucial in defining our path to what I am calling here, building on Haraway’s notion of trans from Modest_Witness, ‘transbiology’ - broadly meaning stem cell research, cloning, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. To illustrate this argument I draw on recent ethnographic fieldwork in a new stem cell derivation facility in the UK built adjacent to an IVF surgery. Using this example, I explore the important and paradoxical role of IVF in the emergence of stem cell science, cloning and transbiology, suggesting that Haraway’s analysis remains crucial to understanding the ironic and contradictory, and unexpectedly generative, circumstances through which the IVF-stem cell interface - the door to transbiology - came into being.

Physician assistant utilisation in the US Armed Forces: applicability to the UK Defence Medical Services

2020 ◽  
pp. jramc-2019-001298
Author(s):  
Michael J Rabener ◽  
J Breeze
Keyword(s):  
National Health Service ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Treatment Provision ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Uk National Health Service ◽  
The Uk

Physicians assistants (PAs) are being increasingly utilised by the US Armed Forces both in homeland medical treatment provision as well as while on deployment. In a deployed environment, the USA has the flexibility to interchange doctors with specialty-trained PAs in all roles of care due to their ability to practice autonomously, thereby filling shortfalls created by the lack of specialty physicians. PAs are increasingly being utilised within the UK National Health Service, in similar roles to their US counterparts. This paper postulates that PAs have an equivalent role to play in the future of medical care provision within the UK Defence Medical Services, including on military operations.

Tissue engineering in regenerative medicine

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 291-298
Author(s):  
Barbara Różalska ◽  
Bartłomiej Micota ◽  
Małgorzata Paszkiewicz ◽  
Beata Sadowska
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Regenerative Medicine

Institutional developments, standards and river quality: a UK history and some lessons for industrialising countries

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. M. Johnstone ◽  
N. J. Horan
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Process Manufacturing ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Developed World

From the middle ages until the early part of the nineteenth century the streets of European cities were foul with excrement and filth to the extent that aristocrats often held a clove-studded orange to their nostrils in order to tolerate the atmosphere. The introduction in about 1800 of water-carriage systems of sewage disposal merely transferred the filth from the streets to the rivers. The problem was intensified in Britain by the coming of the Industrial Revolution and establishment of factories on the banks of the rivers where water was freely available for power, process manufacturing and the disposal of effluents. As a consequence the quality of most rivers deteriorated to the extent that they were unable to support fish life and in many cases were little more than open sewers. This was followed by a period of slow recovery, such that today most of these rivers have been cleaned with many having good fish stocks and some even supporting salmon. This recovery has not been easy nor has it been cheap. It has been based on the application of good engineering supported by the passing and enforcement of necessary legislation and the development of suitable institutional capacity to finance, design, construct, maintain and operate the required sewerage and sewage treatment systems. Such institutional and technical systems not only include the disposal of domestic sewage but also provisions for the treatment and disposal of industrial wastewaters and for the integrated management of river systems. Over the years a number of institutional arrangements and models have been tried, some successful other less so. Although there is no universally applicable approach to improving the aquatic environment, many of the experiences encountered by the so-called developed world can be learned by developing nations currently attempting to rectify their own aquatic pollution problems. Some of these lessons have already been discussed by the authors including some dangers of copying standards from the developed world. The objective of this paper is to trace the steps taken over many years in the UK to develop methods and systems to protect and preserve the aquatic environment and from the lessons learned to highlight what is considered to be an appropriate and sustainable approach for industrialising nations. Such an approach involves setting of realistic and attainable standards, providing appropriate and affordable treatment to meet these standards, establishment of the necessary regulatory framework to ensure enforcement of the standards and provision of the necessary financial capabilities to guarantee successful and continued operation of treatment facilities.

Graphene and Graphene-Based Materials in Biomedical Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (38) ◽  
pp. 6834-6850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Omaish Ansari ◽  
Kalamegam Gauthaman ◽  
Abdurahman Essa ◽  
Sidi A. Bencherif ◽  
Adnan Memic
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Gene Delivery ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Drug And Gene Delivery ◽  
Biomedical Fields

: Nanobiotechnology has huge potential in the field of regenerative medicine. One of the main drivers has been the development of novel nanomaterials. One developing class of materials is graphene and its derivatives recognized for their novel properties present on the nanoscale. In particular, graphene and graphene-based nanomaterials have been shown to have excellent electrical, mechanical, optical and thermal properties. Due to these unique properties coupled with the ability to tune their biocompatibility, these nanomaterials have been propelled for various applications. Most recently, these two-dimensional nanomaterials have been widely recognized for their utility in biomedical research. In this review, a brief overview of the strategies to synthesize graphene and its derivatives are discussed. Next, the biocompatibility profile of these nanomaterials as a precursor to their biomedical application is reviewed. Finally, recent applications of graphene-based nanomaterials in various biomedical fields including tissue engineering, drug and gene delivery, biosensing and bioimaging as well as other biorelated studies are highlighted.

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