Systematic review and meta-analysis of effectiveness of preoperative embolization in surgery for metastatic spine disease

BackgroundPreoperative embolization (PE) may decrease intraoperative blood loss (IBL) in decompressive surgery of hypervascular spinal metastases. However, no consensus has been found in other metastases and no meta-analysis which reviewed the benefit of PE in spinal metastases has been conducted.ObjectiveTo assess IBL in spinal metastases surgery in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and cohort studies comparing PE and a control group of non-embolized patients.MethodsA systematic search of relevant publications in PubMed and EMBASE was undertaken. Inclusion criteria were RCTs and observational studies in patients with spinal metastases who underwent spine surgery and reported IBL. Meta-analysis was performed using standardized mean difference (SMD) and mean difference (MD) of IBL. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic.ResultsA total of 265 abstracts (126 from PubMed and 139 from Embase) were identified through database searching. The reviewers selected six studies for qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis. The pooled SMD of the included studies was 0.58 (95% CI −0.10 to 1.25, p=0.09). Sensitivity analysis revealed that, if the study by Rehak et al was omitted, the pooled SMD was significantly changed to 0.88 (95% CI 0.39 to 1.36, p<0.001) and PE reduced the IBL significantly. The pooled MD was 708.3 mL (95% CI −224.4 to 1640.9 mL, p=0.14). If the results of the Rehak et al study were omitted, the pooled MD was significantly changed to 1226.9 mL (95% CI 345.8 to 2108.1 mL, p=0.006).ConclusionsPE can be effective in reducing IBL in spinal metastases surgery in both renal cell carcinoma and mixed primary tumor groups.

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Impact of Adjuvant Use of Midodrine to Intravenous Vasopressors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Critical Care Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2021/5588483 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Ahmad Al-Abdouh ◽

Sadam Haddadin ◽

Atul Matta ◽

Ahmad Jabri ◽

Mahmoud Barbarawi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Studies ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Control Group ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Icu Length Of Stay ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Risk Ratios

Purpose. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of midodrine use in intensive care units (ICU) to facilitate weaning off intravenous vasopressors (IVV). Methods. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar (inception through October 18th, 2020) for studies evaluating adjuvant use of midodrine to IVV in the ICU. The outcomes of interest were ICU length of stay (LOS), hospital LOS, mortality, IVV reinstitution, ICU readmission, and bradycardia. Estimates were pooled using the random-effects model. We reported effect sizes as standardized mean difference (SMD) for continuous outcomes and risk ratios (RRs) for other outcomes with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results. A total of 6 studies were found that met inclusion criteria and had sufficient data for our quantitative analysis (1 randomized controlled trial and 5 retrospective studies). A total of 2,857 patients were included: 600 in the midodrine group and 2,257 patients in the control group. Midodrine use was not associated with a significant difference in ICU LOS (SMD 0.16 days; 95% CI −0.23 to 0.55), hospital LOS (SMD 0.03 days; 95% CI −0.33 to 0.0.39), mortality (RR 0.87; 95% CI 0.52 to 1.46), IVV reinstitution (RR 0.47; 95% CI 0.17 to 1.3), or ICU readmission (RR 1.03; 95% CI 0.71 to 1.49) when compared to using only IVV. However, there were higher trends of bradycardia with midodrine use that did not reach significance (RR 7.64; 95% CI 0.23 to 256.42). Conclusion. This meta-analysis suggests that midodrine was not associated with a significant decrease in ICU LOS, hospital LOS, mortality, or ICU readmissions.

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Effectiveness of collateral arteries embolization before endovascular aneurysm repair to prevent type II endoleaks: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Vascular ◽

10.1177/17085381211032764 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 170853812110327

Author(s):

Hanfang Zhang ◽

Yaoguo Yang ◽

Lei Kou ◽

Hong Sun ◽

Zhong Chen

Keyword(s):

Controlled Trial ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Endovascular Aneurysm Repair ◽

Control Group ◽

Type Ii ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Collateral Arteries ◽

Comprehensive Search ◽

Aneurysm Repair

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effect of preventive collateral arteries embolization before endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) to reduce type II endoleaks (T2EL), aneurysm enlargement, and re-interventions. Methods A comprehensive search of PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Embase was conducted to identify articles in English, related to preventive collateral arteries embolization before EVAR, published until October 2020. Results A total of 12 relevant studies, including 11 retrospective studies and one randomized controlled trial, were identified and fulfilled the specified inclusion criteria. A total of 1706 patients in 11 studies were involved in the meta-analysis. The overall incidence of T2EL was 17.3% in the embolization group vs. 34.5% in the control group (OR 0.36, p < 0.01). The incidence of persistent T2EL was 15.3% vs. 30.0% (OR 0.37, p < 0.01). Five studies reported the incidence of sac enlargement, with the rate 10.2% vs. 24.9% (OR 0.25, p < 0.01). Nine studies reported T2EL related re-interventions, and it was 1.3% in the embolization group and 10.4% in control (OR 0.14, p < 0.01). The technical success of collateral arteries embolization was 92.1% (455/494) in the 12 studies. 1.2% (10/829) patients suffered a mild complication of collateral arteries embolization, and 2/829 patients died because of the embolization. Conclusion Collateral arteries embolization is a promising measure to prevent the occurrence of T2EL, sac enlargement, and re-intervention. High-quality studies need to be conducted to provide stronger evidence-based medical suggestions about the embolize operation.

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Abstract P311: Effect of Non-Invasive Imaging on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Downstream Testing: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.125.suppl_10.ap311 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽

Author(s):

Seamus P Whelton ◽

Khurram Nasir ◽

Michael J Blaha ◽

Daniel S Berman ◽

Roger S Blumenthal

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Statistical Power ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cardiovascular Imaging ◽

Significant Trend ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Randomized Controlled

Introduction: Non-invasive cardiovascular imaging has been proposed as a method to improve risk stratification and motivate improved patient and physician risk factor modification. Despite increasing use of these technologies there remains limited evidence documenting its effect on downstream testing and improvement in risk factor control. Hypothesis: Addition of the EISNER study to a prior meta-analysis will improve statistical power to demonstrate the downstream consequences of non-invasive cardiovascular imaging. Methods: A comprehensive literature search of the MEDLINE database (1966 through July 2011) was conducted. Major inclusion criteria required: 1) randomized controlled trial design, 2) participants with no known history of coronary heart disease or stroke, and 3) comparison of a group provided with results of a non-invasive imaging scan versus those without results. A total of eight trials with 4,084 participants met the inclusion criteria for this analysis. We analyzed the data using a random effects model to allow for heterogeneity. Results: Among imaging groups there was a significant increase in prescribing for statins (RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.01–1.32) and a non-significant trend for increased prescription of aspirin (RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.97–1.35), ACE/ARB (RR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.96–1.31), and insulin (RR, 1.54; 95% CI, 0.75–3.18). There was a non-significant trend towards increased smoking cessation (RR, 1.35; 95% CI, 0.88–2.08). For downstream outcomes there was a non-significant increase in coronary angiography (RR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.92–1.57), but not for revascularization (RR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.55–1.53). There was no significant effect of imaging on the change in traditional risk factors. Limitations: There remains a limited number of trials in this important area. Therefore, trials included in this analysis use a variety of different imaging modalities and we were not able to pool the results based on appropriate clinical action (intensification at high risk and reduction at low risk). Conclusions: Non-invasive cardiovascular imaging leads to increased statin use, but associations with other downstream treatments and change in risk factors are not statistically significant. Our results highlight the limited amount of data for describing the downstream consequences after CAC testing.

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A Randomized Controlled Trial: The Effect of Acupressure and Foot Reflexology on Pain During Heel-Lancing in Neonates

Clinical Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/10547738211061815 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 105477382110618

Author(s):

Ayşe Özge Deniz ◽

Ayfer Açikgöz

Keyword(s):

Controlled Trial ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Procedural Pain ◽

Control Group ◽

Intergroup Difference ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Sedation Scale ◽

Neonatal Pain ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Pain Scores

This randomized controlled study aimed to determine the effects of acupressure and foot reflexology on procedural pain during heel-lancing in newborns. This study was conducted with 105 neonates (35 foot reflexology group, 35 acupressure group, and 35 control group) who met the inclusion criteria and who were delivered by cesarean section between October 2017 and March 2018 at a state hospital in Turkey. A “Newborn Information Form” and a “Neonatal Pain, Agitation, and Sedation Scale” (N-PASS) were used to collect data. The study found a significant intergroup difference between pain scores of neonates during the procedures ( p < .05). Advanced analyses found that the pain scores in the acupressure and foot reflexology groups were similar, whereas the pain scores in the control group were higher than in the other two groups. Acupressure and foot reflexology administered during heel lancing in newborns are effective methods for reducing pain.

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Changing evidence over time: updated meta-analysis regarding anti-TNF efficacy in childhood chronic uveitis

Rheumatology ◽

10.1093/rheumatology/keaa595 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ilaria Maccora ◽

Eleonora Fusco ◽

Edoardo Marrani ◽

Athimalaipet V Ramanan ◽

Gabriele Simonini

Keyword(s):

Observational Studies ◽

Primary Outcome ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Pooled Analysis ◽

Primary Outcome Measure ◽

Systemic Steroid ◽

Biologic Treatment ◽

Chronic Uveitis ◽

Randomized Controlled

Abstract Objective To summarize evidence regarding efficacy of anti-TNFα in childhood chronic uveitis, refractory to common DMARDs. Methods An updated systematic search was conducted between November 2012 and January 2020. Studies investigating the efficacy of anti-TNFα therapy, in children of ages <16 years, as the first biologic treatment for childhood chronic uveitis, refractory to topical and/or systemic steroid and at least one DMARD were eligible for inclusion. The primary outcome measure was the improvement of intraocular inflammation according to Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature Working Group criteria. A combined estimate of the proportion of children responding to etanercept (ETA), infliximab (INF), and adalimumab (ADA) was determined. Results We identified 1677 articles of which 37 articles were eligible. Three were randomized controlled trials, one on ETA and two on ADA, and were excluded from pooled analysis. From the observational studies, a total of 487 children were identified: 226 received ADA, 213 INF and 48 ETA. The proportion of responding children was 86% (95% CI: 76%, 95%) for ADA, 68% (95% CI: 50%, 85%) for INF and 36% (95% CI: 9%, 67%) for ETA. Pooled analysis showed clear differences (χ2 = 32.2, P < 0.0001): ADA and INF were both significantly superior to ETA (χ2 = 26.8, P < 0.0001, and χ2 = 7.41, P < 0.006, respectively), ADA significantly superior to INF (χ2 = 13.4, P < 0.0002). Conclusion This meta-analysis, consistent with recent randomized controlled trial data, suggests the efficacy of ADA and INF in childhood chronic uveitis treatment. However, ADA results were superior to those of INF in this clinical setting.

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Whether stoma support rods have application value in loop enterostomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

World Journal of Surgical Oncology ◽

10.1186/s12957-020-02029-w ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rui Du ◽

Jiajie Zhou ◽

Feng Wang ◽

Dongliang Li ◽

Guifan Tong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Control Group ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Total Incidence ◽

The Difference ◽

Effect Of Support ◽

Experimental Group

Abstract Purpose The purpose of the systematic review and meta-analysis is to analyze the application value of the stoma support rods in loop enterostomy. Methods The studies on the application of stoma rods in loop enterostomy published from January 2000 to January 2020 were searched in the databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, and Clinical trials. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies that observed the value of stoma rods were included according to inclusion criteria. The RevMan5.3 software was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 1131 patients with loop enterostomy in six studies were included in this study; there were 569 cases in the experimental group and 562 cases in the control group. All six studies analyzed the effect of support rods on the incidence of stoma retraction; the meta-analysis showed that in a total of 32 patients, stoma retraction occurred, with a total incidence of about 2.8% in 1131 patients. The incidence of stoma retraction in the rod group was not significantly lower than that in the non-rod group, and the difference was not statistically significant (OR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.32~1.32, I2 = 0%, P = 0.23), and the studies were homogeneous. The incidences of stoma necrosis (OR = 6.41, 95% CI 2.22~18.55, I2 = 0%, P = 0.0006), peristomal dermatitis (OR = 2.93, 95% CI 2.01~4.27, I2 = 0%, P < 0.00001), and mucocutaneous separation (OR = 2.14, 95% CI 1.03~4.47, I2 = 0%, P = 0.04) were significantly increased in the rod group. Conclusions It is not recommended to routinely use stoma support rods in the clinical practice.

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Combination between Mifepristone and Methotrexate to Treat Ectopic Pregnancy: A Systematic Review Protocol

10.1101/2021.09.26.21264155 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qiling Su ◽

Huiyan Feng ◽

Tian Tian ◽

Xiaoqian Liao ◽

Yunhui Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ectopic Pregnancy ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Control Group ◽

China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Outcome Index

Background: In recent years, the morbidity of ectopic pregnancy and the proportion of young and childless patients have increased year by year, which makes it important to early diagnose EP, effectively save patients' lives and furthest preserve their fertility. Methotrexate and mifepristone are most widely used in conservative treatments, however, there is no accurate conclusion about which therapy is better. Therefore, the aims in this meta-analysis are, on the one hand, to systematically analyze the efficacy of mifepristone combined with methotrexate in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy through existing studies, and to draw scientific conclusions. On the other hand, to fill the gap of relevant analysis in China and abroad, to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of inclusion trials and propose improvement measures and scientific designing schemes. Methods: Six electronic databases will be searched, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP), and Wanfang Database (WF). Literature from October 2015 to October 2020 on randomized controlled trials will be searched, without any language or publication restriction. Search terms include mifepristone, methotrexate, ectopic pregnancy, and random (free word/synonym expansion). Included in a randomized controlled trial, the treatment group was treated with mifepristone combined with methotrexate, and the control group was treated with mifepristone alone. Revman 5.4 (provided by Cochrane) will be used to evaluate the quality of the literature, and the corresponding effect model will be selected to analyze the results. The cure rate will be the main outcome index, and the remaining outcome measures after literature inclusion will be the secondary outcome indexes. Result: Only when we finish this meta-analysis can we get the result. Discussion: The results of this study will provide reliable evidence for the efficacy of mifepristone combined with methotrexate therapy in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy.

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The clinical efficacy of continuous renal replacement in the treatment of acute pancreatitis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

10.22541/au.161306018.81141533/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

sijia Ma ◽

mingming Zhao ◽

zhiyu Pan ◽

jiao Fan ◽

xuexue Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Pancreatitis ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Clinical Efficacy ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Control Group ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Review Author ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Randomized Controlled

Abstract：Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT) on patients with acute pancreatitis(AP). Methods: A comprehensive search of seven databases without language restrictions includes PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) and Wan fang database. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for the treatment of acute pancreatitis with CRRT were searched. All the included literatures were published before December 2020. Two review authors independently selected the study and extracted the data according to the inclusion criteria. A third review author will and discuss with the first two review authors and resolve the differences. Weighted mean difference(WMD), risk ratio (RR), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used for estimating the clinical efficacy of AP in CRRT and control treatment. Results: Fifty-three RCTs met the inclusion criteria and were used in the meta-analysis, with a total of 3,382 effective samples. A comprehensive review of the system shows that the mortality rate of the CRRT group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(RR=0.44,95%CI0.34 to 0.57,P< 0.000001), the patients using CRRT had lower APACHE Ⅱ scores level(WMD=-3.78, 95%CI-4.66 to -2.90,P<0.00001),higher CRP, PCT,TNF-αand IL-6 clearance effect. According to liver function, the patients using CRRT had lower ALT and AST levels. In the same way, according to renal function, the patients using CRRT had lower SCr (WMD=-94.28, 95%CI-125.47 to -63.10, P<0.00001). The patients using CRRT also had higher ALB levels(WMD=2.32, 95%CI-1.05 to 3.59 ,P=0.0003). Moreover, Results shown no statistical difference in Serum potassium level (WMD=-0.00, 95%CI-0.31 to 0.31,P=1.00)between the two groups. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that treatment with CRRT for acute pancreatitis may be more beneficial than conventional treatment. However, high-quality studies with a larger sample size are still needed to confirm our results.

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The influence of expectation modification in knee arthroplasty on satisfaction of patients: a randomized controlled trial

The Bone & Joint Journal ◽

10.1302/0301-620x.103b4.bjj-2020-0629.r3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 103-B (4) ◽

pp. 619-626

Author(s):

Jaap J. Tolk ◽

Rob P. A. Janssen ◽

Tsjitske M. Haanstra ◽

M. C. van der Steen ◽

Sita M. A. Bierma-Zeinstra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Treatment Result ◽

Control Group ◽

Preoperative Education ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Preoperative Expectations

Aims Meeting preoperative expectations is known to be of major influence on postoperative satisfaction after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Improved management of expectation, resulting in more realistic expectations can potentially lead to higher postoperative satisfaction. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of an additional preoperative education module, addressing realistic expectations for long-term functional recovery, on postoperative satisfaction and expectation fulfilment. Methods In total, 204 primary TKA patients with osteoarthritis were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial (RCT). Patients were allocated to either usual preoperative education (control group) or usual education plus an additional module on realistic expectations (intervention group). Primary outcome was being very satisfied (numerical rating scale for satisfaction ≥ 8) with the treatment result at 12 months' follow-up. Other outcomes were change in preoperative expectations and postoperative expectation fulfilment. Results A total of 187 patients (91.7%) were available for analysis at follow-up. In the intention-to-treat analysis, 58.5% (55/94) of patients were very satisfied with the treatment result in the control group, and 69.9% (65/93) of patients in the intervention group (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.90 to 3.29). A per-protocol analysis for patients who attended the education session (92.0%, n = 172) showed that 56.9% (49/86) of patients were very satisfied in the control group and 74.4% (61/86) in the intervention group (AOR 2.44, 95% CI 1.21 to 4.91). After preoperative education, the expectation scores in the intervention group were significantly lower (mean difference -6.9 (95% CI -10.2 to -3.6)) and did not alter in the control group (mean difference 0.5 (95% CI -2.9 to 3.9)). Overall, fulfilment of expectations at 12 months was significantly higher in the intervention group (mean difference 11.4% (95% CI 2.3 to 20.5)). Conclusion Improved preoperative patient education can modify patient expectations, resulting in higher postoperative fulfilment of expectation and higher satisfaction in the group that attended the preoperative education. This is the first RCT to confirm the potential of improved expectation management on satisfaction after TKA. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(4):619–626.

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Systematic review of organizational models for intra-arterial treatment of acute ischemic stroke

International Journal of Stroke ◽

10.1177/1747493018806157 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 12-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Alfonso Ciccone ◽

Eivind Berge ◽

Urs Fischer

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Patient Characteristics ◽

Organizational Models ◽

Qualitative Synthesis ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Mobile Stroke Unit ◽

Mother Ship

Background Intra-arterial treatment of acute ischemic stroke requires changes to acute stroke services since most hospitals do not have on-site intra-arterial treatment facilities. Aim To identify models for delivery of intra-arterial treatment and to compare process performance and clinical and radiological outcomes of the different models. Methods We systematically searched the literature and contacted experts in the field. We performed a qualitative synthesis to identify models, and a quantitative review and meta-analysis of clinical and radiological outcomes under different organizational models. Summary of review The searches retrieved 148 publications, of which 27 were used for the identification and description of models, and 9 for the comparison of the different models. We identified four main models: the mother-ship, drip-and ship, mobile interventionist, and mobile stroke unit models. There were no randomized-controlled trials of the different models, but non-randomized comparisons were possible using data from 8 observational studies and 1 randomized-controlled trial of intra-arterial therapy, of a total of 4127 patients. Comparison between the mother-ship and drip-and-ship models showed no difference in survival (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.63–1.03), favorable functional outcome (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.73–1.25), or arterial patency (OR 0.89; 95% CI 0.73–1.08). Conclusions Different organizational models exist for intra-arterial treatment of acute ischemic stroke, but there is insufficient evidence to recommend a particular, universal model. Until one model can be shown to be superior, the choice of model should depend on local factors and patient characteristics.

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