Decreasing incidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Nicholson ◽  
Alan O’Hare ◽  
Sarah Power ◽  
Seamus Looby ◽  
Mohsen Javadpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
National Database ◽  
Irish Hospital ◽  
Acute Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Adjusted Rate ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Adjusted Incidence

ObjectiveTo determine the incidence and trends in subarachnoid hemorrhage in Ireland using data from a national database.Materials and methodsWe performed a retrospective nationwide query of the Irish Hospital In-patient Enquiry System (HIPE). This is a national database of all in-patient activity in acute public hospitals in Ireland. Each HIPE entry records one episode of in-patient care. The study period ranged from 1997 to 2015. Population data was obtained from the Irish Central Statistics Office, and the annual prevalence of smoking from the Irish National Tobacco Control Office. We were therefore able to calculate both crude annual acute subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) incidence rates, as well as population-standardized rates, and compared them with trends in the annual smoking rates.ResultsThe mean number of SAH cases per year is 549, with 465 cases in 1997 and 517 in 2015 (range: 465–624). The absolute incidence of SAH, therefore, remained relatively stable. Due to population increases over time, the population-adjusted rate of SAH therefore decreased, from 126.9/million people/year in 1997 to 111.5/million people/year in 2015. Nationally, there was a decrease in smoking prevalence, from 31% in 1998 to 19.2% in 2015. There was a statistically significant correlation between decreasing smoking rates and decreasing population-adjusted incidence of SAH (P=<0.0001).ConclusionsOur data suggests that the incidence of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage in our population appears to be decreasing, a decrease which is correlated with decreasing smoking rates. This provides important data both in terms of the epidemiology of SAH, as well as the possible role of public-health interventions in tackling both smoking and declining rates of SAH.

Substantial Within-Country Variation in the Incidence of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Nationwide Finnish Study

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012129
Author(s):  
Ilari Rautalin ◽  
Joni Valdemar Lindbohm ◽  
Jaakko Kaprio ◽  
Miikka Korja
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Poisson Regression Model ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Adjusted Incidence Rate ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Adjusted Incidence ◽  
Finnish Study

Objective:To study whether the incidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) varies between geographical regions of Finland.Methods:By utilizing the nationwide Causes of Death and Hospital Discharge Registers, we identified all first-ever, hospitalized and sudden-death (dying before hospitalization) SAH events in Finland between 1998 and 2017. Based on the SAH patients’ home residence, we divided SAHs into five geographical regions: 1) Southern, 2) Central, 3) Western, 4) Eastern, and 5) Northern Finland. We calculated crude and European age-standardized (ESP2013) SAH incidence rates for each region, and used a Poisson regression model to calculate age-, sex- and calendar year-adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals for regional and time-dependent differences.Results:During the total 106 510 337 cumulative person-years, we identified 9 443 first-ever SAH cases, of which 24% died before hospitalization. As compared to Western Finland, where the SAH incidence was the lowest (7.4 per 100 000 persons), the ESP-standardized SAH incidence was 1.4 times higher in Eastern (10.2 per 100 000 persons; adjusted IRR=1.37 (1.27–1.47)) and Northern Finland (10.4 per 100 000 persons; adjusted IRR=1.40 (1.30–1.51)). These differences were similar when men and women were analyzed independently. Although SAH incidence rates decreased in all five regions over two decades, the rate of decrease varied significantly by region.Conclusion:SAH incidence appears to vary substantially by region in Finland. Our results suggest that regional SAH studies can identify high-risk subpopulations, but can also considerably over- or underestimate incidence on a nationwide level.

scholarly journals S0032 Trends in the Age-Adjusted Incidence Rates, Prevalence, and Survival for Pancreatic Cancer: Results From National Database

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. S15-S16
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hashim Hayat ◽  
Samantha Gross ◽  
Sarah Enslin ◽  
Fateeha Furqan ◽  
Raseen Tariq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
National Database ◽  
Adjusted Incidence

scholarly journals 994 The Cost of Testicular Torsion Care in Ireland 2009-2018: A Novel Cost Estimation Model Using a National Database

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Sugrue ◽  
A Driessen
Keyword(s):  
Direct Cost ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Testicular Torsion ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
National Database ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Cost Estimates ◽  
Cost Estimation Model

Abstract Introduction Activity-Based Funding (ABF) is a new reimbursement model for public hospitals in Ireland. Little data exists regarding cost estimates for acute surgical admissions in Ireland. This study presents a novel method of direct-cost estimation for Testicular Torsion (TT) care in Ireland. Method Hospital In-Patient Enquiry (HIPE) data, covering all public hospital admissions in Ireland, were analysed to derive annual incidence rates for TT between 2009-2018. The monetary cost of each case was calculated by cross-referencing the Diagnosis-Related Group (DRG) with reference prices for inpatients and day-cases in public hospitals in 2019. Annual cost was adjusted using the Consumer Price Index for Health (Ireland) Results N = 1,746 patients under 25 years underwent orchidectomy or orchidopexy for TT between 2009 and 2018. The direct cost of TT care in public hospitals between 2009 and 2018 was €6,331,402. Costs increased 54% over 10 years, from €513,232 in 2009 to €788,700 in 2018 (2019 Euros). Just over two-thirds of cases (70%, n = 1,230) were reimbursed with public funding Conclusions This novel cost-estimation model may serve as a template for future direct-cost estimates for surgical interventions in Ireland. This will improve the accuracy of future economic evaluation for healthcare interventions in Ireland.

Abstract P215: Trends in Hemorrhagic Stroke in Japan, from 1986 to 2010: Circulatory Risk in Communities Study (CIRCS).

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eri Eguchi ◽  
Tetsuya Ohira ◽  
Hironori Imano ◽  
Akihiko Kitamura ◽  
Masahiko Kitamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage ◽  
Hospital Records ◽  
Implementation Rate ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Adjusted Incidence

Background: The incidence of hemorrhagic stroke has substantially decreased nearly to a quarter over years from 1960s to 1980s in Japan. However, there is little evidence on the trends after 1980, or whether subtypes of hemorrhagic stroke have decreased. We examined trends in the incidence of hemorrhagic stroke and its subtypes. Hypothesis: Hemorrhagic stroke have decreased after 1980s. For intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH), lobar and cerebellar intraparenchymal hemorrhage has not decreased. Methods: All residents aged 30 to 84 years in two communities (Akita and Osaka, census population: 18,998 in 2000) in Japan was surveyed. The incidence of IPH and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) from 1986 to 2010 was ascertained by systematic surveillance of hospital records and confirmed by physicians with CT or MRI images. The implementation rate of CT or MRI has not changed materially over years (78.9~97.4%). IPH was further categorized to lobar and cerebellar IPH, and deep IPH (thalamus, basal ganglia or brainstem). The respective age-adjusted incidence rates per 100,000 person-years were calculated by each 5 years of time periods: 1986-1990, 1991-1995, 1996-2000, 2001-2005, and 2006-2010. Results: Age-adjusted incidence of SAH has decreased in 1996-2000 but increased after 2000. Respective age-adjusted incidence rates (per 100,000 person-years) of SAH for 5 time periods were 46.2, 46.5, 14.5, 23.0, and 23.7 (p for trend=0.23). Age-adjusted incidence of all IPH has decreased from 1986-1990 to 2006-2010. Respective incidence rates of IPH were 56.8, 53.7, 48.7, 29.0, and 26.5 (p for trend=0.01). For the subtypes of IPH, incidence of lobar and cerebellar IPH has not decreased from 1986-1990 to 2006-2010, while it have decreased for deep IPH. Respective incidence rates for lobar and cerebellar IPH were 13.1, 7.6, 16.6, 10.9, and 10.3 (p for trend=0.85) and those of deep IPH were 52.0, 53.1, 49.8, 40.8, and 29.5 (p for trend=0.03). Conclusion: The age-adjusted incidence of IPH after 1980s has decreased over years, although such trend was not clear for SAH. Among IPH, the incidence of lobar and cerebellar IPH has not decreased, while the incidence of deep IPH has decreased.

Urological malignancy incidence rates over time by county rurality.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 750-750
Author(s):  
Adam John Gadzinski ◽  
John L. Gore ◽  
Anobel Y. Odisho ◽  
Sima P. Porten ◽  
Peter Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Official Position ◽  
Metro Area ◽  
Rural Counties ◽  
Standard Population ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Adjusted Incidence ◽  
Over Time

750 Background: Approximately 20% of the U.S. population resides in non-metropolitan (rural) areas. We aimed to evaluate urological cancer incidence among populations residing in metropolitan (metro) and rural counties, categorized by adjacency to a metro area. Methods: Using data from CDC’s National Program of Cancer Registries and NCI’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, we compared incidence rates of prostate (PCa), kidney (KCa), and bladder (BCa) cancers diagnosed during 2007–2011 and 2012–2016 among adults age ≥ 20 years residing in metro and rural counties, as designated by rural-urban continuum codes. Rural counties were divided into those adjacent to a metro area (Rural-A) and those not adjacent to a metro area (Rural-NA). For the time period studied, these data cover approximately 97% of the US population. Rates were age-adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard population. Results: We identified 1,980,168 PCa, 541,225 KCa, and 688,562 BCa cases newly diagnosed during 2007–2016. Patients from rural-A counties comprised 11% of all cases, rural-NA counties 6%, and metro counties 83%. Table shows the age-adjusted incidence per 100,000 with 95% confidence intervals. Overall, PCa and BCa incidence decreased over time; KCa incidence increased. PCa exhibited higher incidence rates in metro areas; KCa and BCa had higher incidence rates in rural counties (Table). Conclusions: Rural counties have higher BCa and KCa incidence relative to metro counties, but lower PCa incidence. Changes in PCa screening practices may have contributed to decreases in PCa incidence. Further investigation is needed to understand how rurality influences KCa and BCa epidemiology. Disclaimer: The findings and conclusion of this report are those of the authors and do not represent the official position of the CDC.[Table: see text]

scholarly journals Incidence and Outcome of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 344-347
Author(s):  
Bawarjan Schatlo ◽  
Christian Fung ◽  
Martin N. Stienen ◽  
Ali R. Fathi ◽  
Javier Fandino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Modified Rankin Scale ◽  
Unique Identifier ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
Independent Life

Background and Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess nationwide incidence and outcomes of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). The Swiss SOS (Swiss Study on Subarachnoid Hemorrhage) was established in 2008 and offers the unique opportunity to provide this data from the point of care on a nationwide level. Methods: All patients with confirmed aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage admitted between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2014, within Switzerland were recorded in a prospective registry. Incidence rates were calculated based on time-matched population data. Admission parameters and outcomes at discharge and at 1 year were recorded. Results: We recorded data of 1787 consecutive patients. The incidence of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in Switzerland was 3.7 per 100 000 persons/y. The number of female patients was 1170 (65.5%). With a follow-up rate of 91.3% at 1 year, 1042 patients (58.8%) led an independent life according to the modified Rankin Scale (0–2). About 1 in 10 patients survived in a dependent state (modified Rankin Scale, 3–5; n=185; 10.4%). Case fatality was 20.1% (n=356) at discharge and 22.1% (n=391) after 1 year. Conclusions: The current incidence of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in Switzerland is lower than expected and an indication of a global trend toward decreasing admissions for ruptured intracranial aneurysms. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT03245866.

Infusion therapy as hemodynamic adjustment in patients with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6 (part 1)) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
R. Ya. Shpaner ◽  
◽  
A. Zh. Bayalieva ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Infusion Therapy ◽  
Acute Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

scholarly journals Age Conditional Probability of Ocular and Ocular Adnexal Malignancies

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Mathias Nittmann ◽  
Curtis E. Margo
Keyword(s):  
Conditional Probability ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pedagogical Tool ◽  
United States Population ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Cumulative Risks ◽  
Adjusted Incidence ◽  
Communicating Risk

<b><i>Aim:</i></b> The aim of this study was to discuss and illustrate the role age-conditional probability has in communicating risk of developing ocular and ocular adnexal malignancies. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Cross-sectional incidence for retinoblastoma, uveal melanoma, conjunctival melanoma, and lacrimal gland carcinomas from 2000 to 2017 were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Incidence rates were age-adjusted to the 2000 United States population. Age-adjusted incidence was converted to age-interval and cumulative risks. Outcomes were examined in 20-year intervals and cumulatively for adult cancers and yearly for retinoblastoma. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The risk of each malignancy displayed age-dependent variation. For adult malignancies, men were at higher risk at most age intervals. Uveal melanoma had the greatest cumulative lifetime risk. The probability of developing retinoblastoma declines precipitously after age 3 years. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Age-conditional probability of developing cancer is a conceptually friendly means of understanding and communicating risk. It is particularly useful in comparing the risks of uncommon or rare cancers, such as those found in and around the eye. The assessment of risk in terms of age-conditional probability is a versatile and an underutilized pedagogical tool.

scholarly journals Epidemiologic Study of the Discoid Meniscus: Investigating Demographic-Based Predictors in Large-Scale Claims Database

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0008
Author(s):  
Sahej S Randhawa ◽  
Emily P Tran ◽  
Nicole A Segovia ◽  
Theodore J Ganley ◽  
Marc Tompkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
National Database ◽  
Discoid Meniscus ◽  
Racial Categories ◽  
Claims Database

Background: Discoid meniscus epidemiology remains poorly defined for race and sex, in part, due to limitations of retrospective studies and small case series. A better understanding of epidemiology may improve clinical care and diagnostic precision. Purpose: Our purpose is to better define the epidemiology of discoid meniscus by analyzing a large, national database for incidence rates by sex and race. Methods: Analysis was conducted on the national-scale Clinformatics Data Mart Database by Optum. Proportions of the database’s racial categories (Asian, Black, Hispanic, White, and Unknown) in the total population of diagnosed discoid meniscus cases (n = 1,006) were calculated and compared via chi-squared tests to the total database population (n = 65,759,970). This analysis was repeated for the population of patients who received knee arthroscopies (81,205). Incidence rates were calculated from these populations as well. Finally, a multivariable logistic regression analysis based on the population of arthroscopy-receiving patients was performed to control for age, reported gender, and income. Results: Proportions of Asian, Black, Hispanic, and White racial categories in the discoid meniscus group were 5.7%, 7.3%, 20.6%, 66.4%, respectively; the proportions of each racial category in the total population were 5.2%, 10.3%, 13.5%, 71.0%, respectively. Incidence rates (per 10,000) for these groups in the arthroscopy population were 72.9, 25.6, 49.2, 25.6, respectively. Our logistic regression model indicated that race was not a statistically significant predictor for our dataset after income adjusting. Adjusting for other covariates, the odds of a discoid meniscus diagnosis decreased by 6% for each increase in age (p < 0.001) and were 41% lower for males compared to females (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Prior studies have suggested that race (Asian and Hispanic, is a predictor of higher incidence of discoid meniscus – this study did not show a difference in incidence based upon race. Patient sex and age was identified as significant predictors for discoid meniscus, and increasing age showed a decreasing incidence of this condition. This study’s analysis of a large, national claims database allows for a comprehensive epidemiological study on this topic, offering proportions and incidence rates by race appropriate for application to the US population. Its conclusions promote patient sex and age as significant predictors and question the beliefs on race-associated incidence often based on comparing results from the corpus of single-site cohort studies. Tables/Figures: [Table: see text]

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