O3D.6 Inventory of occupational, industrial and population cohorts in switzerland

ContextGiven the importance of harmonization in occupational epidemiology (OE) research, an European network, OMEGA-NET, is developing an inventory of occupational, industrial and population cohorts in Europe. We inventorized existing cohorts in Switzerland and assessed their relevance for OE.MethodsWe identified cohorts based on the review of data repositories and publications of the leading occupational and public health institutions in Switzerland. Cohorts were considered relevant for OE if data on occupation were available. The quality of these data was assessed critically.ResultsIn Switzerland, we found no industrial cohort, one retrospective occupational cohort exposed to magnetic fields [20,141 Swiss Federal Railway workers, cancer morbidity follow-up=1972–2002] and four population-based cohorts relevant for OE: the census-based Swiss National Cohort (SNC) [5.8 million adult residents in Switzerland, mortality by cause follow-up=1990–2014], the Study on Air Pollution And Lung Disease In Adults (SAPALDIA) [n=9,561, lung function and morbidity follow-up=1991-present], CoLaus|PsyCoLaus [6,700 35–75 year-old residents of Lausanne, cardiovascular and mental morbidity follow-up=2003-present], the Swiss Kidney Project on Genes in Hypertension (SKIPOGH) [1134 residents of Lausanne, Geneva and Berne, kidney and metabolic morbidity follow-up=2009-present].Occupation was coded using the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO) only in the SNC (ISCO-68 and ISCO-88) and SAPALDIA (ISCO-88). In SKIPOGH, the Belgian Classification of occupations was used. In CoLaus|PsyCoLaus, occupation remains uncoded. Noteworthy, the percentage of missing occupations is 43%, non-reported, 65% and 61%, respectively.ConclusionHaving detailed high-quality data on multiple health outcomes, the identified Swiss cohorts may represent a valuable contribution to OE research. However, in absence of standardisation in collecting and coding of occupational data in these cohorts, their use in OE is still challenging. Planned harmonization efforts in frame of OMEGA-NET will be beneficial for improving the quality of these data and OE research in Switzerland and abroad.

Download Full-text

Relationship between vision impairment and employment

British Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319655 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. bjophthalmol-2021-319655

Author(s):

Yi Xuen Chai ◽

Alfred Tau Liang Gan ◽

Eva K Fenwick ◽

Abraham Y Sui ◽

Benjamin Kye Jyn Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Asian Population ◽

Employment Outcomes ◽

Population Based ◽

Vision Impairment ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Standard Classification ◽

Disease Study

AimsTo examine the relationship between vision impairment (VI) and employment outcomes in a multiethnic Asian population.MethodsWe included 7608 Asian individuals aged ≥40 years (mean (SD) age: 58.4 (10.3) years; 64.8% male) from the Singapore Epidemiology Eye Disease Study (response rate: 78.8%), a population-based cohort study (mean follow-up period: 6.2 years). Presenting visual acuity (VA) was assessed using a logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) chart, with VI defined as mild (VA >0.3 to <0.6 logMAR) and moderate to severe (VA ≥0.6 logMAR). Self-reported employment statuses at both baseline and follow-up were used as outcomes. Underemployment was defined as a decline in occupational skill level, categorised by International Standard Classification of Occupations, at follow-up compared with baseline. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to determine independent associations between VI and various employment outcomes, adjusted for variables that were found to significantly differ across employment statuses.ResultsPresenting VI was prevalent in 20.2% (N=1536) of participants. Compared with those without VI, participants with mild and moderate to severe VI were more likely to be unemployed at baseline (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.87, p=0.002 and 2.74, 95% CI 1.94 to 3.89, p<0.001, respectively). At follow-up, participants with any VI at baseline were more likely to be underemployed (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.05, p=0.033).ConclusionVI, even when mild, is associated with unemployment and underemployment. Future studies should investigate whether visual interventions could be used as part of a multipronged strategy to improve employment outcomes for the population.

Download Full-text

The twelve-month outcome of patients with neurotic illness in general practice

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291700052855 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 535-550 ◽

Cited By ~ 122

Author(s):

A. H. Mann ◽

R. Jenkins ◽

E. Belsey

Keyword(s):

Social Life ◽

Function Analysis ◽

Psychiatric Morbidity ◽

The Social ◽

Assessment Measures ◽

Psychiatric State ◽

One Year

SYNOPSISOne hundred patients, selected to be representative of those attending general practitioners with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders were followed up for one year. standard assessments of mental state, personality, social stresses and supports were carried out for each patient at the outset and after a year.The outcome for this cohort determined both by the level of psychiatric morbidity at interview after one year and by the pattern of the psychiatric morbidity during the year has been analysed with reference to the assessment measures. Discriminant function analysis indicates that the initial estimate of the severity of the psychiatric morbidity and a rating of the quality of the social life at the time of follow-up are the only factors that significantly predict the psychiatric state after one year. Social measures also predict a pattern of illness charactorized by a rapid recovery after the initial assessemtn. Patients who reported continuous psychiatric morbidity during the year were, older, physically ill and very likely to have recevied psychotropic drugs. Receipt of this medication during the year was associated with initial assessments of abnormality of personality, older age, and a diagnosis of depression.The findings of this study are seen to support a triaxial assessment and classification of non-psychotic psychiatirc disorders, with symptoms, personality and social state being rated independently.

Download Full-text

O188 Baseline quality of life and all-cause mortality in 10-year follow-up in a Chinese population-based cohort

Global Heart ◽

10.1016/j.gheart.2014.03.1371 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. e45

Author(s):

Gaoqiang Xie ◽

Daniel T. Laskowitz ◽

Elizabeth L. Turner ◽

Joseph R. Egger ◽

Ying Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Chinese Population ◽

Population Based ◽

All Cause Mortality

Download Full-text

DBS of the PSA and the VIM in essential tremor

Neurology ◽

10.1212/wnl.0000000000005956 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 91 (6) ◽

pp. e543-e550 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Michael T. Barbe ◽

Paul Reker ◽

Stefanie Hamacher ◽

Jeremy Franklin ◽

Daria Kraus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Essential Tremor ◽

Clinical Benefit ◽

Double Blind ◽

Crossover Phase ◽

Ventral Intermediate Nucleus ◽

Frequency Of Stimulation

ObjectiveTo evaluate deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the posterior subthalamic area (PSA) in essential tremor (ET) and compare it to the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus (VIM) in terms of stimulation efficacy, efficiency, and side effects.MethodsDBS leads were implanted such that contacts were placed in the VIM, on the intercommissural line, and in the PSA. Thirteen patients with ET entered a randomized, double-blind crossover phase and completed a 1-year follow-up.ResultsPSA-DBS significantly reduced tremor severity and improved quality of life. There were no relevant differences in quality and frequency of stimulation side effects between VIM and PSA, with a tendency toward greater tremor improvement with PSA stimulation. Clinical benefit was achieved at significantly lower stimulation amplitudes in the PSA. The majority of patients remained with PSA-DBS after 1 year.ConclusionIn accordance with previous retrospective investigations, our prospective data suggest that PSA-DBS is at least equally effective as but possibly more efficient than VIM-DBS.Classification of evidenceThis study provides Class I evidence that for patients with essential tremor, PSA-DBS is not significantly different from VIM-DBS in suppressing tremor, but clinical benefit from PSA-DBS is attained at lower stimulation amplitudes.

Download Full-text

Abstract P162: The Baseline Ankle Brachial Index (ABI), but Not Change in the ABI, is Associated With 11-Year Change in the SF-36: The San Diego Population Study (SDPS)

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.131.suppl_1.p162 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Christina L Wassel ◽

Matthew A Allison ◽

Joachim H Ix ◽

Julie O Denenberg ◽

Dena E Rifkin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Physical Functioning ◽

Ankle Brachial Index ◽

Population Based ◽

Component Score ◽

Lower Baseline ◽

Sf 36

Background: Lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) affects approximately 9 million people in the US. Less well-recognized is that PAD, even when asymptomatic, is associated with decreased functional status and quality of life. Previous studies have largely examined associations of the ankle brachial index (ABI) and quality of life in participants with PAD. To our knowledge no studies have examined the impact of ABI and change in ABI on change in quality of life in a population-based setting. Methods: The SDPS is a population-based prospective study that evaluated non-Hispanic White, African-American, Hispanic and Asian men and women for lower extremity PAD at two examinations approximately 11 years apart. Participants completed the SF-36 questionnaire, and 802 participants had ABI and SF-36 data available at both examinations. Analyses were restricted to these participants who also had a baseline ABI<1.4. Growth curve models were used to assess the associations of baseline ABI and change in the ABI with change in the SF-36 physical component score (PCS) and mental component score (MCS) over time. Change in the ABI was defined as (follow-up ABI - baseline ABI)/baseline ABI. Results: Participants were on average 57±9 years of age at baseline, and 69±9 at follow-up. At baseline, nearly 2 percent had ABI≤0.90, and the mean±SD ABI was 1.12±0.10. After adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, ever smoking, physical activity, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, each SD lower baseline ABI was significantly associated with an average change of -0.63 points (95% CI (-0.10, -1.17), p=0.02) on the PCS. This association was marginally significant for the MCS (-0.54 points (0.14, 1.22), p=0.12). Lower baseline ABI was also associated with negative change in two SF-36 subscales, physical functioning (p=0.02) and vitality (p=0.01). Change in the ABI over 11 years was not associated with change in the MCS (p=0.97) or PCS (p=0.41). Results were similar when excluding participants with ABI≤0.90. Conclusions: A lower ABI at baseline is associated with a significantly worse physical functioning quality of life approximately 11 years later. However change in the ABI was not significantly associated with change in quality of life over this time period. Additional studies are warranted in larger samples, especially to confirm the lack of findings for change in ABI.

Download Full-text

Indications and outcomes of paediatric tracheotomy: a descriptive study using a Japanese claims database

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031816 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. e031816 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kayoko Mizuno ◽

Masato Takeuchi ◽

Yo Kishimoto ◽

Koji Kawakami ◽

Koichi Omori

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Population Based ◽

Claims Database ◽

Mechanical Ventilation Duration ◽

Study Population ◽

Underlying Diseases

ObjectiveTo examine the incidence of and indications for paediatric tracheotomy to clarify the disease burden relevant to tracheotomy in a population-based context.DesignA descriptive analysis of a retrospective cohort.SettingThis study utilised a nationwide claims database in Japan constructed by JMDC (Tokyo, Japan). The database includes claims data for approximately 3.75 million insured persons (approximately 3.1% of the population of Japan) comprising mainly company employees and their family members.ParticipantsWe identified children registered to have undergone tracheotomy from 2005 to 2017 among about 1.2 million children aged 0–15 years.Main outcome measuresThe characteristics of the study population, and indications for tracheotomy, duration of hospital stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of tracheotomy dependence, complications related to tracheotomy and death were assessed. When there were multiple indications, classification for a child into multiple groups was allowed.ResultsThe study included 215 children (120 males, 56%). The median age at tracheotomy was 0.8 years. The most common age at tracheotomy was less than 12 months (n=127, 59.1%). The most common indications for tracheotomy were chronic lung disease (n=79, 36.7%), followed by neuromuscular disease (n=77, 35.8%), cardiovascular disease (n=53, 24.3%), upper airway obstruction (n=43, 20%), premature birth and related conditions (n=34, 15.8%), trauma (n=16, 7.4%), prolonged ventilation due to other causes (n=12, 5.6%) and malignancy (n=9, 4.2%). The median duration of tracheotomy dependence was 17.2 months. During the follow-up period, decannulation was achieved in 84 children (39.1%), and the median time from tracheotomy to decannulation was 12.0 months.ConclusionsMost paediatric tracheotomies were performed due to chronic underlying diseases, and the mean duration of tracheotomy dependence was nearly 1-½ years. The long-term duration of tracheotomy dependence might have some impacts on patients’ physical and mental development and the quality of life.

Download Full-text

Diffusion imaging of cerebral diaschisis in neonatal arterial ischemic stroke

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques ◽

10.1017/cjn.2015.89 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 42 (S1) ◽

pp. S15-S15

Author(s):

R Srivastava ◽

T Rajapakse ◽

J Roe ◽

X Wei ◽

A Kirton

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Diffusion Imaging ◽

Population Based ◽

Pediatric Stroke ◽

Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽

Long Term Outcomes ◽

Primary Injury

Background: Neonatal arterial ischemic stroke (NAIS) is a leading cause of brain injury and cerebral palsy. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has revolutionized NAIS diagnosis and outcome prognostication. Diaschisis refers to changes in brain areas functionally connected but structurally remote from primary injury. We hypothesized that acute DWI can demonstrate cerebral diaschisis and evaluated associations with outcome. Methods: Subjects were identified from a prospective, population-based research cohort (Calgary Pediatric Stroke Program). Inclusion criteria were unilateral middle cerebral artery NAIS, DWI MRI within 10 days of birth, and >12-month follow-up (Pediatric Stroke Outcome Measure, PSOM). Diaschisis was quantified using a validated software method. Diaschisis-scores were corrected for infarct size and compared to outcomes (Mann-Whitney). Results: From 20 eligible NAIS, 2 were excluded for image quality. Of 18 remaining, 16 (89%) demonstrated diaschisis. Thalamus (88%) was most often involved. Age at imaging was not associated with diaschisis. Long-term outcomes available on 13 (81%) demonstrated no association between diaschisis score and PSOM categories. Conclusion: Cerebral diaschisis occurs in NAIS and can be quantified with DWI. Occurrence is common and should not be mistaken for additional infarction. Determining additional clinical significance will depend on larger samples with long-term outcomes.

Download Full-text

Migraine and Probable Migraine — Results of FRAMIG 3, a French Nationwide Survey Carried out According to the 2004 IHS Classification

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1111/j.1468-2982.2005.00977.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 25 (12) ◽

pp. 1146-1158 ◽

Cited By ~ 116

Author(s):

M Lantéri-Minet ◽

D Valade ◽

G Géraud ◽

MH Chautard ◽

C Lucas

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

International Headache Society ◽

Nationwide Survey ◽

Population Based ◽

Headache Disorders ◽

Ihs Classification ◽

Probable Migraine ◽

Population Based Survey

The 2004 International Headache Society (IHS) classification of headache disorders introduced the new category of probable migraine defined by the existence of all but one of typical migraine criteria. FRAMIG 3, the first nationwide population-based survey performed in France using the 2004 IHS classification, assessed the prevalence of probable migraine and compared its features and management with those of strict migraine. Of a representative sample of 10 532 adult subjects interviewed, 1179 subjects (11.2%) were diagnosed as having strict migraine and 1066 (10.1%) as having probable migraine. The criterion most frequently missing was typical headache duration (4-72 h) and most subjects with probable headache had shorter average headache duration. Migraine severity and disability, although lower than those noted in subjects with strict migraine, were significant in subjects with probable migraine and quality of life impairment was identical among the two groups of migraine sufferers. Strict and probable migraine, which have similar prevalence and impact on migraine subjects, deserve similar medical and therapeutic management.

Download Full-text

Anxiety and new onset of cardiovascular disease: critical review and meta-analysis

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.bp.114.156554 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 208 (3) ◽

pp. 223-231 ◽

Cited By ~ 89

Author(s):

Neeltje M. Batelaan ◽

Adrie Seldenrijk ◽

Mariska Bot ◽

Anton J. L. M. van Balkom ◽

Brenda W. J. H. Penninx

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Population Based ◽

Future Research ◽

Cvd Prevention ◽

Traditional Risk Factors ◽

Independent Association ◽

New Onset

BackgroundAnxiety has been associated with new-onset cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the quality of this relationship is unclear. Only if anxiety is a causal, independent cardiovascular risk factor might it be a target for CVD prevention.AimsTo determine and examine the independent association and causality between anxiety and incident CVD.MethodPubMed, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases were searched up to October 2013. A review of Hill's criteria for causality and random effects meta-analysis were conducted of prospective, population-based studies examining anxiety and incident CVD in people free from CVD at baseline.ResultsThe meta-analysis comprised 37 papers (n= 1 565 699). The follow-up ranged from 1 to 24 years. Anxiety was associated with a 52% increased incidence of CVD (hazard ratio = 1.52, 95% CI 1.36–1.71). The risk seemed independent of traditional risk factors and depression. The evaluation of Hill's criteria largely argued in favour of causality.ConclusionsAnxiety may be of interest for CVD prevention. Future research should examine biological and behavioural underpinnings of the association in order to identify targets for intervention.

Download Full-text