Association between dimensions of the psychosocial and physical work environment and latent smoking trajectories: a 16-year cohort study of the Canadian workforce

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 814-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen G Dobson ◽  
Mahée Gilbert-Ouimet ◽  
Cameron A Mustard ◽  
Peter M Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
Psychosocial Work Environment ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Psychosocial Work ◽  
Heavy Smoking ◽  
Decision Authority ◽  
Skill Discretion ◽  
Psychological Demands

BackgroundThis study aimed to determine the number of latent smoking trajectories among Canadians employed in the workforce over a 16-year period, and if latent trajectories in dimensions of the physical and psychosocial work environment were associated with specific smoking trajectories.MethodsWe studied 5461 employed adults from the longitudinal Canadian National Population Health Survey. Daily cigarette consumption was measured biannually from 1994 to 2010. Work environment factors (skill discretion, decision authority, psychological demands, job insecurity, physical exertion and workplace social support) were measured in 1994 and then from 2000 to 2010 using an abbreviated form of the Job Content Questionnaire. Smoking and work environment trajectories were derived using group-based trajectory modelling. Associations between work environment trajectory classes and smoking trajectory classes were estimated using multinomial logistic regression.ResultsFour latent smoking trajectories were seen: non-smokers; ceasing smokers (consuming ~14 cigarettes/day in 1994 and 0 in 2008–2010); smokers (consuming ~7 cigarettes/day between 1994 and 2010); and heavy smokers (consuming ~22 cigarettes/day in 1994 and ~14 in 2010). Lower skill discretion, high psychological demands, high physical exertion and low social support trajectories were associated with membership in the heavy smoking trajectory compared with the non-smoking trajectory. Low decision authority, high psychological demands and high physical exertion trajectories were associated with membership in the ceasing compared with the non-smoking trajectory.ConclusionsCertain physical and psychosocial work environment trajectories were associated with heavy and ceasing smoking behaviours over a 16-year period. The role of the work environment should be further considered in smoking cessation programmes.

scholarly journals Associations between physical and psychosocial work environment factors and sickness absence incidence depend on the lengths of the sickness absence episodes: a prospective study of 27 678 Danish employees

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
Sannie Vester Thorsen ◽  
Mari-Ann Flyvholm ◽  
Jacob Pedersen ◽  
Ute Bültmann ◽  
Lars L Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Psychosocial Work Environment ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Psychosocial Work ◽  
Role Conflicts ◽  
Environment Factors ◽  
Work Factors ◽  
Work Environment Factors

ObjectivesThis study examined if the association between work environment factors and sickness absence (SA) depended on the inclusion or exclusion of short-term SA episodes.MethodsWe linked the ‘Work Environment and Health in Denmark’ survey with the ‘Danish Register of Work Absences’ (n=27 678). Using covariate adjusted Cox regression, we examined the associations between work environment factors and SA by changing the cut-off points for the length of the SA episodes, for example, episodes ≥1 day, ≥6 days and ≥21 days. We examined three physical work environment factors: ‘Back bend or twisted’, ‘Lifting or carrying’, ‘Wet hands’ and three psychosocial work environment factors: ‘Poor influence’, ‘Role conflicts’ and ‘Bullying’.Results‘Back bend or twisted’ and ‘Lifting or carrying’ had small significant HRs for SA episodes ≥1 day and large and highly significant HRs for SA episodes ≥6 days and ≥21 days. ‘Wet hands’ had small significant HRs for SA episodes ≥1 day for both sexes and large and highly significant HR for ≥6 days for women. HRs of all three psychosocial factors were highly significant for SA episodes ≥1 day and ≥6 days for both sexes, and ‘Poor influence’ and ‘Role conflicts’ were significant for SA episodes ≥21 days for women.ConclusionsThe physical work factors had higher associations with SA when SA episodes of 1–5 days were excluded and focus was on SA episodes ≥6 days. The psychosocial work factors were strongly associated with SA both with and without SA episodes of 1–5 days included in the analyses.

scholarly journals Psychosocial work environment in school and students’ somatic health complaints: An analysis of buffering resources

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Sonmark ◽  
Bitte Modin
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Psychosocial Work Environment ◽  
Health Complaints ◽  
Psychosocial Work ◽  
Swedish Version ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Somatic Health ◽  
Decision Control

Aim: This study explores the association between the psychosocial work environment in school and students’ somatic health complaints. With its point of departure from the Demand–Control–Support (DCS) model, the aim was to examine how aspects of decision control and social support can moderate stress-related health implications of high psychological demands. Methods: Data come from two cross-sectional waves of the Swedish version of Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC 2005/2006 and 2009/2010), which consists of a total of 9427 11-, 13- and 15-year-old students. A two-level random intercept model was applied, with school class as the level 2 unit. Results: Findings showed significant associations between school demands and somatic health complaints for all studied age groups, with a slight increase in strength with age. Decision control as well as social support from teachers, parents and peers consistently predicted a favorable association with health. An age pattern emerged in the analyses of stress-moderating resources. For 11 year olds parental support was the only resource that displayed a significant interaction with demands in relation to somatic health complaints, whereas for 13 year olds, decision control and support from teachers and parents all demonstrated moderating effects on student health. For 15 year olds, however, it was peer support that acted as a buffering resource in the studied relationship. Conclusions: The psychosocial work environment is an important predictor of students’ health complaints. Overall, social support was a better stress-moderating resource than decision control, but some “buffers” were more important at certain ages than others.

scholarly journals Psychosocial work factors and sick leave risk after a terrorist bomb attack: a survey and registry-based longitudinal study of governmental employees in Norway

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e052628
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Grønning Dale ◽  
Alexander Nissen ◽  
Mona Berthelsen ◽  
Håkon Kristian Gjessing ◽  
Trond Heir
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Sick Leave ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Psychosocial Work Environment ◽  
Psychosocial Work Factors ◽  
Psychosocial Work ◽  
Work Factors ◽  
Bomb Attack ◽  
Support At Work

ObjectivesStudies show that social support may reduce the negative psychological effects of terror. The aim was to explore the effects of the psychosocial work environment on sick leave risk among governmental employees after a workplace bomb attack.DesignWe linked longitudinal survey data collected at 10 and 22 months after the bombing with registry data on doctor-certified sick leave collected from 42 months before the attack to 33 months after the attack. ORs and rate ratios were estimated with mixed effects hurdle models.SettingThe bombing of the government ministries in Oslo, Norway, 22 July 2011.ParticipantsWe identified 1625 participants from a cohort of 3520 employees working in the ministries during the bombing in 2011.ResultsAfter adjustment for confounders, social support from coworkers reduced the odds of sick leave (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.68 to 0.93), and there was marginal evidence for reduced odds with support from superior (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.87 to 1.03). A social work climate, an innovative climate and a human resource primacy climate (HRP) reduced the sick leave risk (eg, HRP OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.90). The hurdle model found no associations between psychosocial support at work and the duration of sick leave.ConclusionsPsychosocial support at work can enhance employees’ work ability after terror and reduce the sick leave risk by more than 20%. However, a supportive psychosocial work environment did not reduce the duration of sickness absence. The protective role of psychosocial work factors on sick leave may be most significant when employees are at work and interact with their work environment.

Psychosocial job demand and control: multi-site musculoskeletal pain in Swedish police

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise B. Larsen ◽  
Nerrolyn Ramstrand ◽  
Eleonor I. Fransson
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Psychosocial Work Environment ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Psychosocial Work ◽  
High Social Support

Aims: Police have a high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. While physical factors contributing to this have been explored, little is known regarding the contribution of the psychosocial work environment. This study explores the association between elements of the JDC model, social support and multi-site musculoskeletal pain among Swedish police. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, responses from 4185 police were collected using a self-administered online survey. The survey included questions on the psychosocial work environment and musculoskeletal pain, as well as several potential confounding factors. Logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the degree of association between 1) the indices for job demands, job control, social support and multi-site musculoskeletal pain and 2) the four categories of the JDC model, social support and multi-site musculoskeletal pain. Results: The overall psychosocial work environment of Swedish police was characterised by low control and high social support. Police who reported active and high strain jobs were found to have an increase in the odds ratio for multi-site musculoskeletal pain (OR 1.45 (95% CI 1.08–1.94) and 1.84 (1.51–2.24), respectively). High demands, which is a component in the categories for active and high strain jobs, was also found to be associated with an increase in the odds ratio for multi-site musculoskeletal pain (OR 1.66 (1.45–1.91)). High social support was associated with a decrease in the odds ratio for multi-site musculoskeletal pain (OR 0.72 (0.57–0.86)). Conclusions: The psychosocial work environment should be considered when investigating factors related to the health and wellbeing of police.

The impact of moderate and major workplace expansion and downsizing on the psychosocial and physical work environment and income in Sweden

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane E. Ferrie ◽  
Hugo Westerlund ◽  
Gabriel Oxenstierna ◽  
Töres Theorell
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Psychosocial Work Environment ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Psychosocial Work ◽  
Physical Hazards ◽  
Data Limitations ◽  
The Impact

Aims: To describe the effect of organizational change (moderate and major expansion and downsizing) on psychosocial work characteristics, physical hazards, and income in a representative sample of larger workplaces in Sweden. Methods: Annual changes in workforce size for the years 1991—1996 were derived from tax registry data. Work environment characteristics were measured in a sub-set of participants from the biennial Swedish Work Environment Surveys for 1991, 1993, and 1995. Income data were derived from national registries. Results: Not all organizational change resulted in a poorer work environment. The number of beneficial outcomes associated with moderate downsizing and moderate expansion in the public sector outweighed the number of adverse outcomes. However, in the private sector the overall effect of moderate organizational change was a poorer work environment. Major downsizing was associated with a better psychosocial work environment for private-sector men and major expansion with a poorer environment for public-sector women and private-sector men. Otherwise, associations between major organizational change and the psychosocial work environment were mixed across sex and sector, although major organizational change was consistently associated with a greater risk of physical hazards. Low income was associated exclusively with organizational downsizing in the private sector. Conclusions: More research is needed to determine whether the work environment can explain observed associations between organizational change and health. Data limitations prevented the authors from examining this in the present study. Their findings indicate that future research on the work environment should pay more attention to physical hazards.

scholarly journals Psychosocial Work Environment and Teachers’ Psychological Well-Being: The Moderating Role of Job Control and Social Support

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7308
Author(s):  
R Zirwatul Aida R Ibrahim ◽  
Wan Zaleha Mohd Zalam ◽  
Bob Foster ◽  
Teuku Afrizal ◽  
Muhamad Deni Johansyah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychosocial Work Environment ◽  
Job Control ◽  
Psychosocial Work ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Moderating Role

Nowadays, the issue of teachers’ psychological well-being causes serious concern, especially in Malaysia. Many studies related to psychological well-being have focused on students rather than on the health and well-being of teachers. Thus, the current study investigated the determinants of psychological well-being (depression, anxiety and stress) from the psychosocial work environment (job control, job demands and social support), and examined the moderating role of job control and social support in the relationship between job demands and psychological well-being among teachers. The design of this study was quantitative research through a survey questionnaire. The sample consisted of 335 high school teachers (23.3%—male; 76.7%—female) who responded to measuring scales of job demands, job control, social support, depression, anxiety and stress, and socio-demographic profile. The data were analyzed using two statistical methods, namely descriptive and inferential statistics. The hierarchical linear regression model was used to analyze the data by assisting the statistical software, i.e., SPSS-23. The results showed that job demands, job control and social support significantly predicted teachers’ psychological well-being. Furthermore, the effect of job demands on teachers’ depression and anxiety was partially moderated by job control and social support. In conclusion, this study has successfully identified the significant predictors of teachers’ psychological well-being and the role of job control and social support as a moderating variable to teachers’ psychological well-being in Malaysia. The result provides insights and contributes to the literature of teachers’ psychological well-being determinants and involves Malaysian respondents with a collectivistic eastern culture.

scholarly journals The Psychosocial Work Environment and Perceived Stress among Seniors with Physically Demanding Jobs: The SeniorWorkingLife Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7437
Author(s):  
Jonas Vinstrup ◽  
Annette Meng ◽  
Emil Sundstrup ◽  
Lars L. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Psychosocial Work Environment ◽  
Psychosocial Work ◽  
Decision Latitude ◽  
Collegial Support ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Poor psychosocial work conditions are known to foster negative health consequences. While the existing literature on this topic focus mainly on white-collar workers, the influence of different aspects of the psychosocial work environment in physically demanding jobs remain understudied. Likewise, senior workers represent a population of the workforce at increased risk of adverse health outcomes and premature exit from the labour market. This study investigates the association between psychosocial work factors and perceived stress among the senior work force. Methods: Utilizing cross-sectional findings, this study reports associations between psychosocial factors (organizational justice, cooperation and collegial support, decision latitude, clarity of tasks, and quality of leadership) and the outcome of perceived stress quantified by Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS). Currently employed senior workers with physically demanding jobs were included in the analyses (n = 3386). Associations were modeled using general linear models with weights to make the estimates representative. Results: For all individually adjusted psychosocial variables, the category of “good” was consistently associated with lower stress scores compared to the categories of both “moderate” and “poor” (all p < 0.0001). Likewise, in the mutually adjusted analysis, the category of “good” was statistically different from “poor” for all included variables, while the category of “moderate” remained different from “poor” for “clarity of tasks”, “cooperation and collegial support”, and “decision latitude”. Conclusions: Among senior workers with physically demanding jobs, poor ratings of organizational factors related to the psychosocial work environment are consistently associated with high stress scores. Blue-collar occupations focusing primarily on physical risk factors are recommended to increase awareness on psychosocial aspects that may be relevant to the local work environment.

For better or for worse? Psychosocial work environment and direct participation practices

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Llorens ◽  
Albert Navarro ◽  
Sergio Salas ◽  
Mireia Utzet ◽  
Salvador Moncada
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Psychosocial Work Environment ◽  
Psychosocial Work ◽  
Direct Participation
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document