Work Ability Among Long-term Breast Cancer Survivors – Exploring the Role of Social Support in a Nation-wide Study

work ability (WA) is scarce. We aimed to identify factors, including social support, associated with excellent WA in a nation-wide population of long-term BCS. MethodsAll long-term BCSs (20-65 years) diagnosed with early-stage BC in 2011 or 2012 were identified by the Norwegian Cancer Registry in 2019 and invited to participate in a survey (n=2803). WA was assessed using the Work Ability Index. Factors associated with excellent WA were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, adjusted for sociodemographic-, health- and cancer related variables. ResultsThe final sample consisted of 926 BCSs with a mean age of 56 years at survey. WA was reduced from 8.9 (SD 2.3) at diagnosis to 6.3 (SD 3.1) eight years later. One in three BCSs reported poor WA, and seven out of ten reported that their physical WA was reduced due to cancer. Survivors with excellent WA reported high social support from supervisors and colleagues compared to BCSs with low WA. Additionally, cognitive impairment and fatigue were negatively associated with WA. ConclusionWA remains a significant challenge in long-term BC survivorship, with a substantial proportion of BCSs reporting poor WA eight years after diagnosis. Collegial support appears to be a protective factor for sustained WA, whilst survivors struggling with fatigue and cognitive impairments may represent a particularly vulnerable group for discontinued employment. Increased attention to WA in follow-up care is warranted.

The association of cultural and contextual factors with social contact avoidance during the COVID-19 pandemic

As a first line of defense to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, people reduced social contacts to avoid pathogen exposure. Using a panel of countries, this research suggests that this was amplified in societies characterized by high social support and future orientation. People reacted more strongly in dense environments; government orders had more effect in high power distance societies. Conversely, a focus on accomplishments was associated with lower changes. Understanding people’s actual behaviors in response to health threats across societies is of great importance for epidemiology, public health, international business, and for the functioning of humanity as a whole.

Mobility and Muscle Strength Trajectories: The Effect of Mediterranean Diet, Physical Activity, and Social Support

Decline in physical function varies substantially across older individuals due to several biological and extrinsic factors. We aimed to determine the effect of modifiable factors -such as dietary patterns, physical activity and social support- and their interaction with mobility and muscle strength decline after age 60. We analyzed data from 1686 individuals aged 60+ from the population-based Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen. The Mediterranean Diet Score was calculated based on a validated food frequency questionnaire. Physical activity was categorized based on current recommendations, and social support was measured according to participants' perceived material and psychological support. Participants’ physical function was assessed over 12 years through changes in walking speed (m/s) and chair stand time (s). Linear mixed models adjusted for socio-demographic and clinical factors were used. Subjects with high adherence to Mediterranean diet were <78 years (82.3%), women (56.1%), married (61.1%), with university education (52.8%), high levels of social support (39.3%) and health-enhancing physical activity (51.5%). One-point (over nine) increase in the MDS was associated with a slower annual worsening in walking speed (β*time=0.001; p=0.024) and chair stand time (β*time=-0.014; p=0.008). The protective effect of Mediterranean diet was highest among subjects reporting high social support (β*time=-0.065, p=0.026 for chair stands) and high physical activity (β*time=0.010, p=0.001 for walking speed), beyond the effect of each exposure individually. A higher adherence to Mediterranean diet, especially in combination with recommended levels of physical activity and high social support, contribute to delay the decline in physical function observed with aging.

Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang berhubungan dengan Kepatuhan Perawat dalam Penerapan Identifikasi Pasien diruang Rawat Inap Penyakit Dalam RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang

The patient of rescue incident is an accidental event and condition which give impact or have potential injury that can be prevented by patient. The mistake of misunderstanding often happened to the most all aspects or stages diagnoses and healing, so that it is needed patient identification properly. The aim of this research is to know the factors which related to the adherence of nurses in applying patients identification of internest department in inpatient room Dr. M. Djamil hospital Padang. This research is descriptive corelation study with collecting the data as cross sectional. The sample were 66 nurses with proportion sampling random. The data analysis with chi-square test. The result of the research showed that nurses perceived high motivation (50%), complete facilities (74.2%), good supervision (57.6%), high social support (54.5%), high knowleage (90.9%). Adherence nurses (63.6%). There significant relationship between facilities factors and supervision with adherence nurses in applying of patients identification . There was no significant relationship between motivation factors, knowleage, social support with adherence nurses in applying of patients identification. The facilities of dominant variable in assembling patient identification (OR 19.789). It is recommended that hospital to do supervision as continiue and collect the facilities patient identification to perform patients identification properly and give punishment to the nurses properly who do not perform patients identification corectly.

Mobility and muscle strength trajectories in old age: the beneficial effect of Mediterranean diet in combination with physical activity and social support

Introduction Decline in physical function varies substantially across older individuals due to several extrinsic modifiable factors such as dietary patterns, physical activity and social support. We aimed to determine the association of these factors and their interaction with mobility and muscle strength decline. Methods We analyzed data from 1686 functionally healthy individuals aged 60 + from the population-based Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K). The Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) was calculated based on a validated food frequency questionnaire. Self-reported physical activity was categorized based on current recommendations, and social support was measured according to participants’ perceived material and psychological support from relatives and friends. Participants’ physical function was assessed over 12 years through changes in walking speed (m/s) and chair stand time (s). Linear mixed models adjusted for socio-demographic and clinical factors were used. In order to explore the combined effect of the different exposures, two indicator variables were created by cross-classifying individuals' levels of Mediterranean diet adherence and social support or physical activity. Results Participants with a high adherence to Mediterranean diet were primarily < 78 years (82.3%), women (56.1%), married (61.1%), with university education (52.8%), high levels of social support (39.3%) and health-enhancing levels of physical activity (51.5%). A one-point increase in MDS (score range 0–9) was associated with less annual deterioration in walking speed (β*time[year] = 0.001; p = 0.024) and chair-stand time (β*time[year] = -0.014; p = 0.008). The potential protective effect of Mediterranean diet was highest among participants reporting high social support (β*time[year] = -0.065, p = 0.026 for chair stands) and high physical activity (β*time[year] = 0.010, p = 0.001 for walking speed), beyond the effect of each exposure individually. Conclusion A higher adherence to Mediterranean diet, especially in combination with recommended levels of physical activity and high social support, may contribute to delay the decline in physical function observed with aging.

372Social Isolation, Social Support and Loneliness as independent interconnected concepts

Background Social isolation, lack of social support and loneliness have historically been assessed as overlapping or even interchangeable terms. We aimed to assess whether these three social constructs are independently associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Methods This analysis included 10,517 women aged 70-75 years from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (ALSWH). Social isolation (Duke Social Support Index: DSSI), social support (DSSI), and loneliness (one-item) were investigated for their association with HRQoL (physical [PCS] and mental [MCS] component scores of the SF-36® questionnaire). Multivariable analyses adjusted for age, demographics, socio-economic position and medical conditions. Results Social isolation, social support and loneliness were not strongly correlated with one another. However, all were independently associated with HRQoL (PCS: isolation -0.97, low support -2.24, loneliness -2.70; MCS: isolation -1.96, low support -4.78, loneliness -10.31; p-value&lt;0.001 for each). Compared to those with low social isolation, high social support and lack of loneliness, women highly isolated, with low social support and lonely reported the lowest HRQoL (MCS: -18 to -17; PCS: -8 to -6). Other combinations of isolation, support and loneliness varied in their associations with HRQoL. Conclusions Social isolation, social support and loneliness are distinct, yet interconnected concepts that may coexist and are each adversely associated with HRQoL. Key messages Ageing populations present the challenge of supporting older people to maintain a longer, healthy, meaningful and community-dwelling lives. Social isolation, low social support and loneliness have adverse associations with HRQoL.

Associations of adverse social determinants of health with missed well-child visits and the role of caregiver social support

Objective: To examine the association between adverse social determinants of health (SDH) and missed well-child visits and the interaction with the level of caregiver social support. Methods: This is a secondary data analysis of data collected from a SDH screening program conducted during well-child visits with referral, navigation and follow-up services for patients. We included 573 adult caregivers who accompanied patients aged 0-5 years to well-child visits and completed the screening from August 2017 to May 2018. The caregivers reported financial hardship, food insecurity, housing challenges, childcare difficulty, transportation issues, insurance difficulty, job difficulty, and education needs. Our primary outcome was a no-show (i.e., missed) to a well-child visit. Social support was dichotomized as low or high. Results: Among 573 patients who completed the screening, 335 patients (76.4%) had at least one social need. Financial hardship (p = 0.006), housing instability (p = 0.002), and no/poor childcare (p = 0.03) were associated with missed well-child visits. In multivariable regression analysis, having Medicaid (aOR = 1.91 [1.17-3.10]) and unstable housing (aOR = 6.79 [1.35-34.70]) were both associated with missed well-child visits. However, when social support was added to the multivariable logistic model, both Medicaid and unstable housing were no longer associated with missed well-child visits. Conclusion: Adverse SDH such as financial hardship, housing instability, and childcare difficulty were associated with missed well-child visits. However, with the addition of social support, this association was no longer significant. This study supports the hypothesis that high social support may mitigate the association between well-child visits among families experiencing adverse SDH.

The gateway bug to edible insect consumption: interactions between message framing, celebrity endorsement and online social support

Purpose Climate change and global population growth are threatening the sustainability of hospitality food systems. Foodservice organizations are seeking an optimal solution for this problem. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization proposed edible insects as a solution, yet the “yuck” factor discourages consumers from actively endorsing this option. Thus, this study aims to find ways to increase consumer acceptance of edible insects. Design/methodology/approach A 2 (message framing: hedonic vs utilitarian) × 2 (celebrity endorsement: absence vs presence) × 2 (social support: low vs high) between-subjects factorial design experiment was conducted. Findings The significant three-way interaction effects show that when celebrity endorsement is absent, there is no difference in restaurant advocacy (RA) and experience satisfaction between utilitarian and hedonic message framing, regardless of low (vs high) social support. However, when celebrity endorsement is present and social support is not lacking, a hedonic (vs a utilitarian) message had more significant effects on dependent variables. Conversely, when celebrity-endorsed messages receive high social support, utilitarian (vs hedonic) messages had a more substantial effect on the outcome variables. Originality/value This study contributes to alternative protein and associated consumer psychology and hospitality marketing literature by introducing marketing strategies for edible insects. By demonstrating the three-way interaction effects of message framing, celebrity, endorsement and social support on RA and experience satisfaction, this study could demonstrate some boundary conditions to consider when applying celebrity endorsement strategies (e.g. message framing and social support). Also, by addressing the effects of social support, this study builds upon the lack of hospitality literature on online social support.

Rural Social Participation through Osekkai during the COVID-19 Pandemic

We investigated the effects of enabling Osekkai, the traditional Japanese behavior of creating a helping culture, on social participation among rural people in rebuilding social connections that can be vital during the coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The subjects of this cross-sectional study were people interested in the Osekkai conference (control group) and those actively involved in Osekkai activities (exposure group). The primary outcome of social participation was measured as the frequency of meeting and the number of friends or acquaintances. The demographic data of the participants and process outcomes were measured using a questionnaire provided to all 287 registered participants. The effective response rate was 64.5% (185 responses). The involvement in Osekkai conferences was statistically associated with a high frequency and number of meetings with friends or acquaintances (p < 0.001 and 0.048, respectively). A health check was significantly associated with the number of friends or acquaintances met in the previous month, while high social support was significantly associated with loneliness. Thus, we confirm that Osekkai contributes to high social participation, although we see no relationship with loneliness. Future studies should investigate this cause-and-effect relationship and promote culturally sensitive activities to improve social and health outcomes in rural Japan.

Mental Health and Its Association with Perceived Social Support During Covid-19 Pandemic Among Pakistani Doctors: A Comparative Study

Background: The Novel corona virus outbreak was initially reported in Wuhan state of China in December 2019, affecting more than 200 countries. Pakistan reported its first case in late February, Health care workers (HCW’s) have been under immense physical as well as mental pressure owing to the current situation rendering feelings such as anxiety, fear, aggression and sleep disturbances, which could lead to depression, stress and even suicidal thoughts. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 85 HCW’s of PAF hospital to assess the frequency of depression, anxiety, stress and their association with perceived social support among doctors, selected via simple random sampling. A modified Questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic variables and questions from pre-validated questionnaires including DASS 21 and MSPSS was filled online by the participants of this study. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 23.0. Results: The study included HCWs with mean age of 28.3 years & 82.4% of them were female. Majority were medical graduates and belonged to Islamabad. Overall, 29.4%, 31.8% and 38.8% of HCWs had depression, anxiety and stress respectively. Doctors with high social support were less depressed, stressed and showed less anxiety than those who had low social support(p<0.05). Conclusion: The study concluded that among the mental health issues under consideration, stress was highest among HCWs and high social support positively affects their mental health.