scholarly journals Do declines in occupational physical activity contribute to population gains in body mass index? Tromsø Study 1974–2016

2020 ◽  
pp. oemed-2020-106874
Author(s):  
Edvard H Sagelv ◽  
Ulf Ekelund ◽  
Laila A Hopstock ◽  
Nils Abel Aars ◽  
Marius Steiro Fimland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Occupational Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Change ◽  
Physical Activity Change ◽  
Health Initiatives ◽  
Prospective Association

ObjectiveTo examine whether occupational physical activity changes predict future body mass index (BMI) changes.MethodsThis longitudinal cohort study included adult participants attending ≥3 consecutive Tromsø Study surveys (examinations 1, 2 and 3) from 1974 to 2016 (N=11 308). If a participant attended >3 surveys, the three most recent surveys were included. Occupational physical activity change (assessed by the Saltin-Grimby Physical Activity Level Scale) was computed from the first to the second examination, categorised into persistently inactive (n=3692), persistently active (n=5560), active to inactive (n=741) and inactive to active (n=1315). BMI change was calculated from the second to the third examination (height being fixed at the second examination) and regressed on preceding occupational physical activity changes using analysis of covariance adjusted for sex, birth year, smoking, education and BMI at examination 2.ResultsOverall, BMI increased by 0.84 kg/m2 (95% CI 0.82 to 0.89). Following adjustments as described previously, we observed no differences in BMI increase between the occupational physical activity change groups (Persistently Inactive: 0.81 kg/m2, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.87; Persistently Active: 0.87 kg/m2, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.92; Active to Inactive: 0.81 kg/m2, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.94; Inactive to Active: 0.91 kg/m2, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.01; p=0.25).ConclusionWe observed no prospective association between occupational physical activity changes and subsequent BMI changes. Our findings do not support the hypothesis that occupational physical activity declines contributed to population BMI gains over the past decades. Public health initiatives aimed at weight gain prevention may have greater success if focusing on other aspects than occupational physical activity.

The Relationship Between Habitual Physical Activity, Sitting Time, and Cognitive Function in Young Adult Women

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Eka Peng Cox ◽  
Rebecca Cook ◽  
Nicholas O’Dwyer ◽  
Cheyne Donges ◽  
Helen Parker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Normal Ranges

Background: There is evidence that physical activity (PA), sitting time, and obesity may impact cognition, but few studies have examined this in young women. Methods: Healthy women (18–35 y), without conditions that impair cognition, were recruited for this cross-sectional study. Participants completed anthropometric and validated computerized cognitive assessments (IntegNeuro™). Performance on 5 cognitive domains (impulsivity, attention, information processing, memory, and executive function) was reported as z scores. Sitting hours and weekly PA calculated from time in low-, moderate-, and high-intensity activity were obtained via the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Analysis of variance/analysis of covariance, chi-square, and linear regression were used. Results: 299 (25.9 [5.1] y) women (low PA = 19%; moderate PA = 40%; high PA = 41%) participated. High PA women had lower body mass index (high PA = 26.1 [6.5]; moderate PA = 30.0 [8.7]; low PA = 31.0 [11.1] kg/m2; P < .001) and less sitting time (high PA = 6.6 [3.1]; moderate PA = 7.7 [2.8]; low PA = 9.3 [3.6] hr/weekday; P < .0001). Cognitive function was within normal ranges and did not differ between any PA groups (P = .42). Adjusting for body mass index, C-reactive protein, or sitting hours did not alter results. Weak correlations were found between time in high-intensity activity and impulsivity (b = 0.12, r2 = .015; P = .04), and between sitting hours and information processing efficiency (b = −0.18, r2 = .03; P = .002). Valuesare presented as mean (SD). Conclusions: Cognitive function was within the normal range, regardless of PA or sitting time.

Do the determinants of physical activity change by physical activity level?

2009 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 836-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Kyung Kim ◽  
Mi Ja Kim ◽  
Chang Gi Park ◽  
Hyeon Ok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Change ◽  
Physical Activity Change

scholarly journals A Case Control Study on Physical Activity and Body Mass Index Associated with Hemorrhoids

Jurnal NERS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Jalina Karim ◽  
Alif Asyraf Arispa Abdullah ◽  
A'syaratun Kamilah Zolkifle ◽  
Nur Shafizah Roslan ◽  
Suganthi Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Bowel Function ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: Body mass index (BMI) and physical activity are the controversial risk factors that cause hemorrhoids. This study was conducted to determine the association between body mass index and physical activity.Methods: This was a case-control study which involved two hundred and two patients using convenience sampling. They had to answer a questionnaire consisting of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) which monitored their physical activity and their BMI was also measured. For the descriptive analysis, Chi square and an odd ratio were carried out.Results: There was a significant association between age and hemorrhoids (p=0.02), in which the patients who were younger than 50 years old were more likely to have hemorrhoids compared to those who were older than 50 years old (OR=2.268, 95%CI: 1.107-4.630). For the risk estimation calculation, the Chinese individuals were found to have a higher risk compared to non-Chinese individuals (OR=2.056, 95% CI: 1.174-3.601). BMI was proven to be significantly associated with hemorrhoids (p=0.043). Physical activities were found to not be statistically significant (p=0.209). Those with a low and moderate physical activity level were 1.24 times more likely to have hemorrhoids compared to those with a high level of physical activity (OR=1.243, 95%CI:   0.697-2.217). The confidence interval was between 0.697 and 2.217, therefore it was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Physical activity was not associated with the hemorrhoids. However, it was shown that good physical activity could help to regulate bowel function and therefore, the occurrence of hemorrhoids would be less likely. BMI was significantly associated with hemorrhoids.

scholarly journals Obesity and Habitual Physical Activity Level among Staffs Working in a Military Hospital in Malacca, Malaysia

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ayiesah Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Habitual Physical Activity ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Obesity has been recognized as a major public health concern due to lack of physical activity and a sedentary lifestyle. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out to determine the status of body mass index (BMI) and habitual physical activity level among staffs working in Military Hospital, Malacca using Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire (HPAQ). Results: About 120 HPAQ were distributed and only 82 responded with 23(28%) of them males and 59 (72%) females, aged between 21 to 59 (40.52 ± 9.38) years old. Anthropometry analysis showed the mean weight of male respondents was 79.48 (± 16.33) and 70.95 (± 15.66) for the females. Body mass index (BMI) for males (33.61 ± 2.82) was almost similar to females ( 33.20± 2.95).The mean waist circumference of men was 93.26 (± 10.94)cm compared to 94.03 (± 11.98)cm in the females. Following categorization of BMI, 59% (n=48) are in the obese group, 24% (n=20) are overweight and only 17% (n=14) have an ideal body weight or normal BMI. Relationship between BMI and HPAQ demonstrated strong and significant correlation coefficient for habitual physical activity at work (r = 0.775, p < 0.001), sports (r = 0.735, p < 0.05) and leisure ( r = 0.713, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The staffs working in the Hospital demonstrated poor habitual physical activity which explains for the high incidence of obesity among the staffs. This requires measures to be taken to promote a healthier lifestyle among them.

scholarly journals Diferencias en la composición corporal y actividad física en estudiantes universitarios según año de ingreso

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 474
Author(s):  
Fernando Rodriguez Rodriguez ◽  
Mitzi Santibañez Miranda ◽  
Grundy Montupin Rozas ◽  
Francisca Chávez Ramírez ◽  
Patricio Solis Urra
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
The University ◽  
Estudiantes Universitarios

Introducción: La etapa universitaria es un proceso determinante para consolidar los hábitos de vida, donde los estudiantes se ven obligados a cambiar la mayoría de sus hábitos, que propician una mala alimentación, pobre organización del tiempo y menor actividad física, teniendo repercusiones en la condición y estructura física, lo que puede afectar considerablemente el estado de salud de esta población. Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar las diferencias en la composición corporal y actividad física en estudiantes universitarios según su año de ingreso. Materiales y métodos: Participaron en el estudio 287 estudiantes de ambos sexos (171 mujeres y 116 hombres), pertenecientes a las facultades de “Filosofía y Educación”, “Ingenierías” y “Ciencias”, a los cuales se les realizó una evaluación antropométrica para estimar la composición corporal con las ecuaciones de De Rose y Guimaraes y un cuestionario de frecuencia de actividad física. Resultados: Los resultados indican que existen diferencias en el Índice de Masa Corporal y masa grasa entre estudiantes mujeres de 1º y 2º año y entre 1º y 5º año en los hombres. La masa muscular no presenta grandes diferencias entre los grupos, pero si se aprecia cambios negativos entre el Índice de Masa Corporal y masa grasa de estudiantes que recién ingresan versus los estudiantes de último año. Conclusiones: Durante la universidad se vive un periodo crítico que afecta el nivel actividad física y el estado nutricional de los estudiantes y que podría empeorar en estudiantes con más años en la universidad.AbstractIntroduction: The university stage is a determining process when consolidating people’s habits of life, where students are forced to change most of their habits favoring a poor diet, poor organization of time and less physical activity, which at the same time, has an impact on the condition and physical structure and can significantly affect the health status of this population. Objective: To determine the differences in body composition and physical activity in university students according to their year of admission. Materials and methods: The study involved 287 male and female students (171 women and 116 men) who belonged to the faculties of Philosophy and Education, Engineering and Science, who underwent an anthropometric assessment to estimate body composition with De Rose and Guimaraes equations and a frequency of physical activity questionnaire. Results: The results show that there are differences in Body Mass Index and fat mass among female students of first and second year and between the first and fifth year in men. Muscle mass had no significant differences between groups, but there is negative changes between Body Mass Index and fat mass from students newly admitted versus students in their last year. Conclusions: During the university stage, students face a critical period that affects their physical activity level and nutritional status, which could get worse for students with more years at the university.

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