The Relationship Between Habitual Physical Activity, Sitting Time, and Cognitive Function in Young Adult Women

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Eka Peng Cox ◽  
Rebecca Cook ◽  
Nicholas O’Dwyer ◽  
Cheyne Donges ◽  
Helen Parker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Normal Ranges

Background: There is evidence that physical activity (PA), sitting time, and obesity may impact cognition, but few studies have examined this in young women. Methods: Healthy women (18–35 y), without conditions that impair cognition, were recruited for this cross-sectional study. Participants completed anthropometric and validated computerized cognitive assessments (IntegNeuro™). Performance on 5 cognitive domains (impulsivity, attention, information processing, memory, and executive function) was reported as z scores. Sitting hours and weekly PA calculated from time in low-, moderate-, and high-intensity activity were obtained via the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Analysis of variance/analysis of covariance, chi-square, and linear regression were used. Results: 299 (25.9 [5.1] y) women (low PA = 19%; moderate PA = 40%; high PA = 41%) participated. High PA women had lower body mass index (high PA = 26.1 [6.5]; moderate PA = 30.0 [8.7]; low PA = 31.0 [11.1] kg/m2; P < .001) and less sitting time (high PA = 6.6 [3.1]; moderate PA = 7.7 [2.8]; low PA = 9.3 [3.6] hr/weekday; P < .0001). Cognitive function was within normal ranges and did not differ between any PA groups (P = .42). Adjusting for body mass index, C-reactive protein, or sitting hours did not alter results. Weak correlations were found between time in high-intensity activity and impulsivity (b = 0.12, r2 = .015; P = .04), and between sitting hours and information processing efficiency (b = −0.18, r2 = .03; P = .002). Valuesare presented as mean (SD). Conclusions: Cognitive function was within the normal range, regardless of PA or sitting time.

Body Mass Index And Physical Activity As Predictors Of Mortality In Adult Women

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 109-110
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Torres ◽  
Carlos J. Crespo ◽  
Ross Andersen ◽  
Gloria C. Diaz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Predictors Of Mortality

Combined Physical Activity and Sitting Time Association on Older Adults’ Body Mass Index: Cross-Sectional Findings From the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Juleimar S.C. Amorim ◽  
Juliana L. Torres ◽  
Sérgio V. Peixoto
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Short Version

This study examined isolated and combined associations of physical activity (PA) and sitting time (ST) with body mass index (BMI) among older Brazilian adults. We have analyzed baseline data of 8,177 participants aged 50 years and older from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging. Respondents were categorized into sufficient PA/low ST, sufficient PA/high ST, insufficient PA/low ST, or insufficient PA/high ST using the Short Version of International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regression analysis examined the associations of being underweight (BMI, <18 kg/m2), overweight (BMI, 25–29.9 kg/m2), and obese (BMI, ≥30 kg/m2) with PA and ST categories. High ST (≥165 min/day) was associated with overweight (odds ratio, 1.26; 95% confidence interval [1.11, 1.44]) and obesity (odds ratio, 1.43; 95% confidence interval [1.21, 1.70]). However, no association was observed between PA and BMI. Participants in the insufficient and sufficient PA/high ST categories were more likely to be obese after adjusting for sociodemographic and health condition. Our findings call for public health initiatives that consider reducing ST in older adults.

scholarly journals Does SuperPark Make Children Less Sedentary? How Visiting a Commercial Indoor Activity Park Affects 7 to 12 Years Old Children’s Daily Sitting and Physical Activity Time

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arto Pesola ◽  
Martti Melin ◽  
Anssi Vanhala ◽  
Ying Gao ◽  
Taija Finni
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Activity Time ◽  
Improve Health

Commercial indoor activity parks provide children with a variety of entertaining physical activities. This study examined whether visiting SuperPark affects total daily sitting and physical activity time. The participants (8 girls and 7 boys, aged 10.3 ± 1.9 years, height 144.5 ± 11.8 cm, body mass index (BMI) 19.3 ± 3.0 kg/m2) wore a thigh-worn accelerometer during a normal week and were provided free tickets to visit SuperPark on at least one day. On average, the children spent 3.3 ± 1.2 h in SuperPark. During the visits the children had 0.9 h less sitting (0.7 ± 0.3 h, p = 0.000) and 0.9 h more moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA; 1.4 ± 0.6 h, p = 0.002) as compared to the reference periods on days without a SuperPark visit (1.6 ± 0.3 h sitting and 0.5 ± 0.4 h MVPA). During the days when visiting SuperPark, sitting time decreased 1.0 h (5.8 ± 0.9 h, p = 0.008) and MVPA increased 0.8 h (3.0 ± 1.0 h, p = 0.017) as compared to the reference days (6.8 ± 1.1 h sitting and 2.2 ± 0.8 h MVPA). The effects were more pronounced during weekdays than weekends. The children spent more than three hours in SuperPark on one visit, of which almost a half was MVPA. During the whole day, one hour of sitting was replaced with MVPA, suggesting that visiting SuperPark has the potential to improve health. Whether children continue visiting SuperPark and gain health benefits merits investigation.

Do physical activity, sitting time and body mass index affect fertility over a 15-year period in women? Data from a large population-based cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 676-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela P Mena ◽  
Gregore I Mielke ◽  
Wendy J Brown
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Fertility Problems

Abstract STUDY QUESTION Do physical activity (PA), sitting time (ST) and body mass index (BMI) affect fertility over a 15-year period in Australian women? SUMMARY ANSWER Moderate and high levels of PA confer advantages for fertility in women with normal BMI, but increased risk of infertility was observed in obese women. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Higher BMI is positively associated with higher rates of problems with fertility, but the effects of physical activity and sitting time on fertility are less well understood. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Participants in The Australian Longitudinal Study of Women’s Health (ALSWH) completed mailed surveys in 2000, with follow-ups in 2003, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015 (N = 6130). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Participants were aged 22 to 27 in 2000. They were asked to report their physical activity levels, sitting time and fertility problems in each survey from 2000 to 2015. BMI was calculated from self-reported weight and height. Cumulative incidence of fertility problems was calculated from 2000 to 2015 and hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CIs were calculated using survival analysis. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE From 2000 to 2015, the cumulative incidence of fertility problems was 15.4% (95% CI: 14.5–16.4). High levels of PA were associated with reduced risk of problems with fertility [HR 0.82 (95% CI: 0.69–0.98)], and higher BMI was positively associated with fertility problems [overweight: HR 1.18, (95% CI 0.99–1.39); obese: HR 1.36, (95% CI 1.14–1.63)]. In survival analyses, incidence rates were highest in every survey interval in women who reported low PA levels and in women who were obese. Overall, ST was not associated with fertility problems. In stratified models, high levels of PA attenuated the risk of problems with fertility in women who were in the normal BMI category [HR 0.64, (95% CI 0.49–0.82)]. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The ALSWH relies on self-reported data, which may be subject to recall bias. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The study provides estimates of problems with fertility in a cohort of young adult Australian women, and the results indicate that these are inversely associated with physical activity levels and positively associated with BMI. However, the high infertility risk in obese women was not attenuated by high levels of PA. The protective effects of PA were only observed in women with normal BMI. As rates of developing problems with fertility were highest in every survey interval among women who reported low levels of physical activity and in women who were obese, these findings suggest that improving physical activity levels could be an affordable strategy to reduce problems with fertility in women who are trying to conceive. These findings should be considered by clinical and public health practitioners. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The ALSWH is funded by the Australian Government. Funding for these analyses was provided by a University of Queensland (UQ) International Postgraduate Research Scholarship and a UQ International Development Fellowship. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

scholarly journals Sitting Time and Body Mass Index, in a Portuguese Sample of Men: Results from the Azorean Physical Activity and Health Study (APAHS)

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1500-1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rute Santos ◽  
Luísa Soares-Miranda ◽  
Susana Vale ◽  
Carla Moreira ◽  
Ana I. Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Health Study

Incident Type 2 Diabetes in a Large Australian Cohort Study: Does Physical Activity or Sitting Time Alter the Risk Associated With Body Mass Index?

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binh Nguyen ◽  
Adrian Bauman ◽  
Ding Ding
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Incident Type 2 Diabetes

Purpose:To examine the combined effects of body mass index (BMI), physical activity (PA) and sitting on incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among Australian adults.Methods:A sample of 29,572 adults aged ≥45 years from New South Wales, Australia, completed baseline (2006–2008) and follow-up (2010) questionnaires. Incident T2DM was defined as self-reported, physician-diagnosed diabetes at follow-up. BMI was categorized as normal/overweight/obese. PA was tertiled into low/medium/ high. Sitting was dichotomized as higher/lower sitting (≥ 8 hours/day or < 8 hours/day). Odds ratios (OR) were estimated for developing T2DM using logistics regression for individual and combined risk factors, and data stratified by BMI categories.Results:During a mean 2.7 (SD: 0.9) years of follow-up, 611 (2.1%) participants developed T2DM. In fully adjusted models, BMI was the only independent risk factor for incident T2DM. In stratified analyses, the association between BMI and T2DM did not differ significantly across sitting or PA categories. Overweight/obese individuals with high PA and lower sitting had higher odds of incident T2DM than normal counterparts with low PA and higher sitting.Conclusions:High PA/low sitting did not attenuate the risk of T2DM associated with overweight/obesity. Maintaining a healthy weight, by adopting healthy lifestyle behaviors, is critical for T2DM prevention.

scholarly journals A Study of Physical Activity Levels and Its Impact on Body Mass Index (BMI) of 8-10 Years Old School Going Children in Mumbai

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Shikha Dwivedi ◽  
Rupali Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Activities

Introduction: Regular physical activity in childhood and adolescence is important for promoting lifelong health and well-being and preventing various health conditions. The 2008, Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans recommended that children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years should have 60 minutes (1 hour) or more of moderate and vigorous intensity physical activity each day. Unfortunately, many children and adolescents do not meet the recommendations set forth by the guidelines. Aim: To study the physical activity levels and its impact on body mass index (BMI). Methodology: 420 subjects were selected by purposive random sampling method from 5 schools of Mumbai. Physical activity levels of the samples were assessed through the physical activity questionnaire and the height and weight of all the samples were taken to calculate the BMI. Results: It was observed that 39.5% performed sedentary activities for on an average of 0-1 hr/week. Similarly, 74.2% subjects performed moderate to high intensity activities for an average of 0-1 hr/week. Maximum % of subjects (48%) spent 1-2hr/week in performing sedentary activities whereas, when compared to moderate to high intensity activities maximum % of subjects performed only for 0-1 hr/week. Only 116 subjects met the daily requirements of moderate to high intensity physical activity. A total of 33.2% of samples were observed to be under the three categories of wasting (mild, moderate and severe respectively) as per WHO standards.

scholarly journals Intensity of Physical Activity in Physical Education Classes and School Recesses and Its Associations with Body Mass Index and Global Fitness Score in Spanish Schoolchildren

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11337
Author(s):  
José Francisco López-Gil ◽  
Iván Cavero-Redondo ◽  
Pedro Juan Tárraga-López ◽  
Edina Maria de Camargo ◽  
Irene Sequí-Domínguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Excess Weight ◽  
World Health ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Fitness Score

Background: Examining the association between excess weight or physical fitness and intensity of physical activity (PA) during Physical Education (PE) classes or school recesses and in children could be of great interest and importance, especially for future intervention programs or public policies related to PA. The aim of this study was to explore the association between intensity of PA in PE classes or school recesses and excess weight or global physical fitness in a sample of Spanish schoolchildren. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in the Valle de Ricote (Region of Murcia, Spain). A final sample of 350 Spanish schoolchildren between 6 and 13 years of age was included from six different schools. Intensity of PA during PE classes and recesses was assessed by the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C). To assess physical fitness, the extended ALPHA fitness test battery was used. Body mass index (z-score) was calculated following the age- and sex-specific thresholds of the World Health Organization. Results: Both body mass index (z-score) and Global Fitness Score (z-score) were lower in schoolchildren engaging in high intensity of PA in both PE lessons and school (p < 0.05 for all). Lower odds of having excess weight were found in those who reported high intensity of PA in both PE classes and school recesses (OR = 0.54; CI 95%, 0.30–0.96). In these same participants, higher odds of being in the high Global Fitness Score tertile were found (OR = 1.96; CI 95%, 1.01–3.85). Conclusions: Our study showed that higher intensity of PA in PE classes and school recesses was associated with lower excess weight and higher global physical fitness.

scholarly journals Do declines in occupational physical activity contribute to population gains in body mass index? Tromsø Study 1974–2016

2020 ◽  
pp. oemed-2020-106874
Author(s):  
Edvard H Sagelv ◽  
Ulf Ekelund ◽  
Laila A Hopstock ◽  
Nils Abel Aars ◽  
Marius Steiro Fimland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Occupational Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Change ◽  
Physical Activity Change ◽  
Health Initiatives ◽  
Prospective Association

ObjectiveTo examine whether occupational physical activity changes predict future body mass index (BMI) changes.MethodsThis longitudinal cohort study included adult participants attending ≥3 consecutive Tromsø Study surveys (examinations 1, 2 and 3) from 1974 to 2016 (N=11 308). If a participant attended >3 surveys, the three most recent surveys were included. Occupational physical activity change (assessed by the Saltin-Grimby Physical Activity Level Scale) was computed from the first to the second examination, categorised into persistently inactive (n=3692), persistently active (n=5560), active to inactive (n=741) and inactive to active (n=1315). BMI change was calculated from the second to the third examination (height being fixed at the second examination) and regressed on preceding occupational physical activity changes using analysis of covariance adjusted for sex, birth year, smoking, education and BMI at examination 2.ResultsOverall, BMI increased by 0.84 kg/m2 (95% CI 0.82 to 0.89). Following adjustments as described previously, we observed no differences in BMI increase between the occupational physical activity change groups (Persistently Inactive: 0.81 kg/m2, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.87; Persistently Active: 0.87 kg/m2, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.92; Active to Inactive: 0.81 kg/m2, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.94; Inactive to Active: 0.91 kg/m2, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.01; p=0.25).ConclusionWe observed no prospective association between occupational physical activity changes and subsequent BMI changes. Our findings do not support the hypothesis that occupational physical activity declines contributed to population BMI gains over the past decades. Public health initiatives aimed at weight gain prevention may have greater success if focusing on other aspects than occupational physical activity.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Sitting Time, Physical Activity, and Metabolic Syndrome Among Adults Depending on Body Mass Index (BMI)

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 7633-7645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta Suliga ◽  
Elżbieta Cieśla ◽  
Dorota Rębak ◽  
Dorota Kozieł ◽  
Stanisław Głuszek
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sitting Time
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