scholarly journals Fluorescence optical imaging: ready for prime time?

RMD Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e001497
Author(s):  
Sarah Ohrndorf ◽  
Anne-Marie Glimm ◽  
Mads Ammitzbøll-Danielsen ◽  
Mikkel Ostergaard ◽  
Gerd R Burmester
Keyword(s):  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Joint Inflammation ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Fluorescence Optical Imaging ◽  
Disturbed Microcirculation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The novel technique of fluorescence optical imaging (FOI, Xiralite), which is approved in the European Union and the USA for clinical use, has been the object of studies since 2009. Indocyanine green-based FOI can demonstrate an impaired microcirculation caused by inflammation in both hands in one examination. Several studies have investigated FOI for detection of joint inflammation by comparing FOI to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS). The results have shown a generally good agreement (>80%) between FOI and clinical examination, MRI and MSUS by power Doppler in inflammatory joint diseases. Moreover, characteristic enhancements in skin and nails are seen in PsA, which potentially can be useful in the diagnostic process of early undifferentiated arthritis. Furthermore, FOI has been investigated for the visualisation of a disturbed microcirculation in the hands and fingers of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), highlighting the potential of monitoring vascular changes in SSc and other vasculopathies. The available data indicate that it is time to consider FOI as a useful part of the imaging repertoire in rheumatology clinical practice, particularly where MSUS and MRI are not easily available.

scholarly journals Validity and diagnostic performance of Fluorescence Optical Imaging measuring synovitis in hand osteoarthritis. Baseline results from the Nor-Hand cohort.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Øystein Maugesten ◽  
Alexander Mathiessen ◽  
Hilde Berner Hammer ◽  
Sigrid Hestetun ◽  
Tore Kristian Kvien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Hand Osteoarthritis ◽  
Fluorescence Optical Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Sum Scores ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Objective: Fluorescence Optical Imaging (FOI) demonstrates enhanced microcirculation in finger joints as a sign of inflammation. We wanted to assess the validity and diagnostic performance of FOI measuring synovitis in persons with hand OA, comparing it with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)- and ultrasound-detected synovitis.Methods: 221 participants with hand OA underwent FOI, contrast-enhanced MRI and ultrasound (grey scale synovitis and power-Doppler activity) examinations of the hands. Fifteen joints in each hand were scored on semi-quantitative scales (grade 0-3) for all modalities. Four FOI images were evaluated: one composite image (Prima Vista Mode; PVM) and three images representing phases of fluorescent dye distribution. Spearman’s correlation coefficients were calculated between sum scores of FOI, MRI and ultrasound. Sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC) was calculated for FOI using MRI or ultrasound as reference.Results: FOI did not demonstrate enhancement in the first carpometacarpal joint, which was excluded from further analyses. FOI sum scores showed poor to fair correlations with MRI (rho 0.01-0.24) and GS synovitis sum scores (rho 0.12-0.25). None of the FOI images demonstrated both good sensitivity and specificity, and the AUC ranged from 0.50-0.61 and 0.51-0.63 with MRI and GS synovitis as reference, respectively. FOI demonstrated similar diagnostic performance with PD activity and GS synovitis as reference.Conclusion: To conclude, FOI enhancement correlated poorly with synovitis assessed by more established imaging modalities, questioning the value of FOI for the evaluation of synovitis in hand OA.

scholarly journals Analysis of distribution and severity of inflammation in patients with osteoarthitis compared to rheumatoid arthritis by ICG-enhanced fluorescence optical imaging and musculoskeletal ultrasound: a pilot study

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 566-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
A-M Glimm ◽  
S G Werner ◽  
G R Burmester ◽  
M Backhaus ◽  
S Ohrndorf
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Joint Inflammation ◽  
Musculoskeletal Ultrasound ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Hand Osteoarthritis ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Fluorescence Optical Imaging ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

BackgroundIn rheumatoid arthritis (RA), hand synovitis appears especially in wrist, metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints. In hand osteoarthritis (OA), potential inflammatory changes are mainly present in PIP and distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints. Joint inflammation can be visualised by fluorescence optical imaging (FOI) and musculoskeletal ultrasound (US).ObjectiveComparison of the amount and distribution of inflammatory signs in wrist and finger joints of the clinically dominant hand in patients with OA and RA by FOI and gray-scale (GSUS) and power Doppler US (PDUS).MethodsFOI and GSUS/PDUS were performed in 1.170 joints (wrists, MCP, PIP, DIP) in 90 patients (67 RA, 23 OA). Joint inflammation was graded by a semiquantitative score (0–3) for each imaging method.ResultsGSUS/PDUS showed wrist and MCP joints mostly affected in RA. DIP joints were graded higher in OA. In FOI, RA and OA featured inflammatory changes in the respective joint groups depending on the phase of fluorescence dye flooding.ConclusionsUS and FOI detected inflammation in both RA and OA highlighting the inflammatory component in the course of OA. The different inflammatory patterns and various shapes of fluorescence enhancement in FOI may offer opportunities to distinguish and determine the inflammatory status in both diseases.

scholarly journals Validity and diagnostic performance of Fluorescence Optical Imaging measuring synovitis in hand osteoarthritis. Baseline results from the Nor-Hand cohort.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Øystein Maugesten ◽  
Alexander Mathiessen ◽  
Hilde Berner Hammer ◽  
Sigrid Hestetun ◽  
Tore Kristian Kvien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Hand Osteoarthritis ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Fluorescence Optical Imaging ◽  
Sum Scores ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Objective: Fluorescence Optical Imaging (FOI) demonstrates enhanced microcirculation in finger joints as a sign of inflammation. We wanted to assess the validity and diagnostic performance of FOI measuring synovitis in persons with hand OA, comparing it with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)- and ultrasound-detected synovitis. Methods: 221 participants with hand OA underwent FOI and ultrasound (grey scale synovitis and power-Doppler activity) of the bilateral hands and contrast-enhanced MRI examination of the dominant hand. Fifteen joints in each hand were scored on semi-quantitative scales (grade 0-3) for all modalities. Four FOI images were evaluated: one composite image (Prima Vista Mode; PVM) and three images representing phases of fluorescent dye distribution. Spearman’s correlation coefficients were calculated between sum scores of FOI, MRI and ultrasound. Sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC) was calculated for FOI using MRI or ultrasound as reference. Results: FOI did not demonstrate enhancement in the thumb base, and the joint was excluded from further analyses. FOI sum scores showed poor to fair correlations with MRI (rho 0.01-0.24) and GS synovitis sum scores (rho 0.12-0.25). None of the FOI images demonstrated both good sensitivity and specificity, and the AUC ranged from 0.50-0.61 and 0.51-0.63 with MRI and GS synovitis as reference, respectively. FOI demonstrated similar diagnostic performance with PD activity and GS synovitis as reference. Conclusion: FOI enhancement correlated poorly with synovitis assessed by more established imaging modalities, questioning the value of FOI for the evaluation of synovitis in hand OA.

Cybersecurity regulation in the financial sector: prospects of legal harmonization in the European Union and beyond

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-167
Author(s):  
Anton N Didenko
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Common ◽  
Legal Frameworks ◽  
Legal Harmonization ◽  
Regulatory Landscape ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Abstract Over the past several years, the cybersecurity regulatory landscape has undergone unprecedented change. Bespoke cybersecurity laws and regulations have replaced pre-existing general risk management and business continuity rules in a number of jurisdictions, including the European Union, Hong Kong, Russia, the USA, and Singapore. Cybersecurity has also become the focus of international rules and recommendations adopted by numerous international organizations. The financial sector lies at the centre of the new regulatory initiatives—which, in the absence of an agreed international approach, vary substantially across jurisdictions. This article analyses these emerging legal frameworks by (i) conducting a comparative study of the novel cybersecurity regulations in finance; (ii) identifying the common features of such frameworks; and (iii) assessing the prospect of their harmonization at an international level. It argues that international harmonization in this area is necessary to overcome the underlying regulatory challenges and outlines the scope of rules amenable, first, to initial (de minimis) and, second, subsequent (more expansive) harmonization. The article concludes with a list of main upcoming challenges in designing and harmonizing cybersecurity regulations in finance and practical recommendations for overcoming them.

scholarly journals Disturbed microcirculation in the hands of patients with systemic sclerosis detected by fluorescence optical imaging: a pilot study

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Friedrich ◽  
Susanne Lüders ◽  
Stephanie Gabriele Werner ◽  
Anne-Marie Glimm ◽  
Gerd-Rüdiger Burmester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Fluorescence Optical Imaging ◽  
Disturbed Microcirculation

AB0981 Hand Joint Inflammation in Early Ra: Clinical Ultrasound and Fluorescence Optical Imaging Diagnostics

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 1236.3-1237
Author(s):  
Y. Kisten ◽  
E. af Klint ◽  
N. Györi ◽  
A. Karlsson ◽  
A. Levitsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Joint Inflammation ◽  
Imaging Diagnostics ◽  
Fluorescence Optical Imaging ◽  
Early Ra

Photoluminescence and magnetism integrated multifunctional black phosphorus probes through controllable P=O bonds orbital hybridization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyi Wu ◽  
R. L. Qi ◽  
Chunlan Ma ◽  
Yun Shan ◽  
Y.J. Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Black Phosphorus ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Fluorescence Optical Imaging ◽  
Orbital Hybridization ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Biological probes with integrating photoluminescence and magnetism characteristic play a critical role in modern clinical diagnosis and surgical protocols combining fluorescence optical imaging (FOI) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology....

9/11 and Armageddon: the Christian Right and George W. Bush

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-50
Author(s):  
Göran Gunner
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Christian Right ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Religious Leader ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Mega Church ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Jerry Falwell ◽  
High Degree

Authors from the Christian Right in the USA situate the September 11 attack on New York and Washington within God's intentions to bring America into the divine schedule for the end of the world. This is true of Pat Robertson and Jerry Falwell, and other leading figures in the ‘Christian Coalition’. This article analyses how Christian fundamentalists assess the roles of the USA, the State of Israel, Islam, Iraq, the European Union and Russia within what they perceive to be the divine plan for the future of the world, especially against the background of ‘9/11’. It argues that the ideas of the Christian Right and of President George W. Bush coalesce to a high degree. Whereas before 9/11 many American mega-church preachers had aspirations to direct political life, after the events of that day the President assumes some of the roles of a mega-religious leader.

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