Prevalence and persistence of Chlamydia trachomatis-specific antibodies after occasional and recurrent infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Öhman ◽  
Tiina Rantsi ◽  
Päivi Joki-Korpela ◽  
Aila Tiitinen ◽  
Heljä-Marja Surcel
Keyword(s):  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Recurrent Infection ◽  
Chlamydia Infection ◽  
Recurrent Infections ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Initial Infection ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Antibody Levels

ObjectivesPopulation-based Chlamydia trachomatis seroepidemiological studies help to identify trends in chlamydia infection. However, an improved understanding of the antibody response to infection is required when using serology to estimate cumulative incidence. Thus, the objectives of this longitudinal, retrospective, biobank-based study were to assess the appearance and persistence of C. trachomatis major outer membrane protein (MOMP)-specific serum IgG antibodies after infection and to evaluate the role of antibodies in providing protective immunity against recurrent infection.MethodsData of notified C. trachomatis infections in Finland were obtained from the National Infectious Diseases Register. Serum samples were acquired from the Finnish Maternity Cohort. 411 women with single chlamydia infection and 62 women with recurrent infections, and for whom suitable paired serum samples were available, were included in the study. Antibody appearance, persistence after infection and the impact of recurrent infections were evaluated. IgG antibodies specific for MOMP were measured from serum using an ELISA method.ResultsAnti-C. trachomatis MOMP-specific IgG antibodies were detected in 65.5% (269/411) of women within 3 months of notification of infection. In the absence of recurrent infection, seroprevalence declined to 34.5% (142/411) 3–10 years after the initial infection. The serum antibody levels at baseline correlated positively with seroprevalence at follow-up. Reinfection boosted the humoral immune response by increasing seroprevalence and the serum antibody levels. Seroprevalence within 3 months after first notification of infection was 65.5% (19/29) in women who were later diagnosed with recurrent infection, comparable with women with single notification of infection (65.5%, 269/411).ConclusionsApproximately one-third of women with single notification of chlamydia infection remain seropositive 3–10 years after the initial infection. The concentration of antibodies remained stable during the follow-up. Recurrent infection boosted the humoral immune response, but reinfection occurred despite the presence of pre-existing antibodies.

scholarly journals Longitudinal analysis of virus load, serum antibody levels and virus neutralizing activity in vitro in cases with less severe COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertram Flehmig ◽  
Michael Schindler ◽  
Natalia Ruetalo ◽  
Ramona Businger ◽  
Manfred Bayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Virus Load ◽  
Neutralizing Activity ◽  
N Protein ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 exhibit a highly variable clinical course, varying from barely discernible signs of disease, to moderate flu-like symptoms and, occasionally, with life-threatening pneumonia and/or cytokine storm. The relationship between the nasopharyngeal virus load, IgA and IgG antibodies to both the S1-RBD-protein and the N-protein as well the neutralizing activity (NAbs) against SARS-CoV-2 in the blood of moderately afflicted COVID-19 patients has not been investigated longitudinally so far. Methods: Several new serological methods to examine these parameters were developed and validated for the longitudinal investigation in three patients of a family which underwent a mild course of COVID-19. Findings: We observed that the virus load had almost completely disappeared after about four weeks, whereas serum antibodies showed a contrasting course. IgA levels to S1-RBD-protein and, to a lesser extent, to the N-protein, peaked about three weeks after clinical disease onset but declined soon thereafter. IgG levels rose continuously, reaching a plateau approximately six weeks after disease onset. NAbs in serum reached a peak about four weeks after disease onset but dropped to a lower level about six weeks later. Interpretation: Our data establishes associations of virus neutralization and a serological immune response foremost against Sars-CoV-2 S1-RDB-protein in a longitudinal manner.

scholarly journals Ontogenesis of the formation of secretory antibodies to respiratory syncytial (RS) virus

1988 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P Leschinskaya ◽  
E. E Pokrovskaya ◽  
E. A Kantorovitch ◽  
S.K Grigorjeva ◽  
YA. S Shvartsman
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Neutralizing Activity ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Secretory Antibodies

SUMMARYExamination of sera from 184 children aged between 0 and 12 years and 161 adults revealed a close correlation between age and the level of humoral anti-RS virus immunity. Secretory IgG antibodies were found in children in their first months of life. Evidence for their release into secretions from the serum was obtained. This might explain the positive correlation between serum antibody levels in women recently confined with the morbidity due to RS virus in children during their first months of life. Secretory IgA antibodies were found from 4 months untill old age. The secretions of children and adults contained virus-neutralizing activity which was non-immunoglobulin in nature, as well as antibodies. However, in contrast to secretory antibody this material did not prevent development of severe RS virus infections.

scholarly journals Serum anti-DIDO1, anti-CPSF2, and anti-FOXJ2 antibodies as predictive risk markers for acute ischemic stroke

BMC Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaki Hiwasa ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Ken-ichiro Goto ◽  
Seiichiro Mine ◽  
Toshio Machida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Protein Array ◽  
Cdna Libraries ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Igg ◽  
Predictive Risk ◽  
Ischemic Attack ◽  
Antibody Levels

Abstract Background Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a serious cause of mortality and disability. AIS is a serious cause of mortality and disability. Early diagnosis of atherosclerosis, which is the major cause of AIS, allows therapeutic intervention before the onset, leading to prevention of AIS. Methods Serological identification by cDNA expression cDNA libraries and the protein array method were used for the screening of antigens recognized by serum IgG antibodies in patients with atherosclerosis. Recombinant proteins or synthetic peptides derived from candidate antigens were used as antigens to compare serum IgG levels between healthy donors (HDs) and patients with atherosclerosis-related disease using the amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous assay-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The first screening using the protein array method identified death-inducer obliterator 1 (DIDO1), forkhead box J2 (FOXJ2), and cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF2) as the target antigens of serum IgG antibodies in patients with AIS. Then, we prepared various antigens including glutathione S-transferase-fused DIDO1 protein as well as peptides of the amino acids 297–311 of DIDO1, 426–440 of FOXJ2, and 607–621 of CPSF2 to examine serum antibody levels. Compared with HDs, a significant increase in antibody levels of the DIDO1 protein and peptide in patients with AIS, transient ischemic attack (TIA), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) but not in those with acute myocardial infarction and diabetes mellitus (DM). Serum anti-FOXJ2 antibody levels were elevated in most patients with atherosclerosis-related diseases, whereas serum anti-CPSF2 antibody levels were associated with AIS, TIA, and DM. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that serum DIDO1 antibody levels were highly associated with CKD, and correlation analysis revealed that serum anti-FOXJ2 antibody levels were associated with hypertension. A prospective case–control study on ischemic stroke verified that the serum antibody levels of the DIDO1 protein and DIDO1, FOXJ2, and CPSF2 peptides showed significantly higher odds ratios with a risk of AIS in patients with the highest quartile than in those with the lowest quartile, indicating that these antibody markers are useful as risk factors for AIS. Conclusions Serum antibody levels of DIDO1, FOXJ2, and CPSF2 are useful in predicting the onset of atherosclerosis-related AIS caused by kidney failure, hypertension, and DM, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of Multiple Freeze-Thaw Cycles on Detection of Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Virus Antibodies

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman A. Pinsky ◽  
Jeanne M. Huddleston ◽  
Robert M. Jacobson ◽  
Peter C. Wollan ◽  
Gregory A. Poland
Keyword(s):  
Rubella Virus ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Fresh Serum ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Adult Volunteers

ABSTRACT We investigated the effect of multiple freeze-thaw cycles on mumps, measles, and rubella virus serum antibody levels with whole-virus immunoglobulin G enzyme-linked immunoassays. Fresh serum samples from nine healthy adult volunteers were divided into six sets of five aliquots each. Samples were taken through a total of 10 freeze-thaw cycles and stored at 4°C until assayed. Each assay measurement was done in replicates of five, and the mean value was reported. After completing 10 freeze-thaw cycles, we found no clinically or statistically significant effect on measured antibody levels and found no discernible detrimental effect on the ability to measure these antibodies by enzyme-linked immunoassays.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of antibodies for pertussis and diphtheria among people leaving or entering China: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (05) ◽  
pp. 394-399
Author(s):  
Hui Han ◽  
Zhiqiang Fang ◽  
Xiangguang Ye ◽  
Hailei Wu ◽  
Feng Zuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Population Immunity ◽  
Chinese Adult ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Antibody Levels

Introduction: Despite high population immunity, pertussis remains one of the leading causes of vaccine-preventable deaths worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of IgG antibodies to pertussis toxin (PT) and diphtheria among the adult male population leaving or entering China. Methodology: Blood samples were obtained from 240 Chinese and 207 African healthy adults that were leaving and entering China, respectively. Serum IgG antibodies against PT (anti-PT IgG) and diphtheria were determined. Results: The mean concentration of anti-PT IgG antibodies was 13.82 IU/mL and 18.11 IU/mL for the leaving and entering populations, respectively. None of the studied Chinese leaving China were seropositive for pertussis. Of the 240 subjects leaving China, 209 (87.1%) had anti-diphtheria antibody concentrations of ≥ 0.1 IU/mL and 31 (12.9%) had antibody concentrations between 0.01 and 0.099 IU/mL. Eleven (5.31%) of the studied Africans entering China had anti-PT IgG antibodies higher than 30 IU/mL and thus were considered seropositive for pertussis. Of the 207 Africans entering China, antibody concentrations of ≥ 0.1 IU/mL were found in 164 subjects (79.2%) while 43 (20.8%) had antibody concentrations between 0.01 and 0.099 IU/mL. Conclusions: Almost all Chinese adult men leaving China and most African men entering China have very low serum antibody levels of pertussis. Furthermore, the antibody level of diphtheria among these two populations was low among adults. A larger population study is needed to determine whether booster vaccinations against pertussis and diphtheria should be considered for adults in China and also for Africans entering China.

scholarly journals HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE TO PORPHYROMONAS GINGIVALIS IN POSTPARTUM WOMEN AND NEWBORNS

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soraya Castro Trindade ◽  
Isaac Suzart Gomes-Filho ◽  
Simone Seixas da Cruz ◽  
Edson José Carpintero Rezende ◽  
Thiago Carôso Fróes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Antibody Levels

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) the in subgingival biofilm, as well as to compare the immune responses of postpartum women and their newborns to Porphyromonas gingivalis using antibody serum levels.Methods: A total of 43 postpartum women and 24 newborns were selected in the municipal maternity hospital of Alagoinhas, Bahia, Brazil between February and December 2003, for this cross-sectional study. The presence of Pg was verified using polymerase chain reaction. The immunoglobulin serum levels: IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4 and IgA, reactive to Pg ATCC33277, were tested using ELISA. Results: 39,3% of the postpartum women biofilm samples were positive for Pg. The incidence of the pathogen in the women with periodontitis (70%) was higher than in the group of women without periodontitis (30,30%). Among the newborns, high serum levels of IgG4 anti-Pg were observed (p<0.001).Conclusion: Our findings confirm that postpartum women with periodontitis present remarkable incidence of Porphyromonas gingivalis which may influence systemic response, as represented by high levels of serum antibody levels against this pathogen in women and newborns. Furthermore, evidence suggests that some antibodies crossed the placental barrier in newborns. 

scholarly journals Type-Specific Antibodies to Pneumococcal Capsular Polysaccharide Acquired either Naturally or after Vaccination with Prevenar in Children with Underlying Chronic or Recurrent Lung Diseases

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Navarro ◽  
Amparo Escribano ◽  
Laura Cebrián ◽  
Concepción Gimeno ◽  
Leonor García-Maset ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Carrier Status ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Antibody Levels

ABSTRACT The antibody response to capsular polysaccharides of pneumococcal serotypes 4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, and 23F elicited either naturally or after vaccination with Prevenar was investigated in a cohort of children (n = 163) with underlying chronic or recurrent lung diseases at risk of developing pneumococcal pneumonia and ultimately invasive disease. Serum concentrations of serotype-specific antibodies, as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, in unvaccinated children (n = 88) were higher in nasopharyngeal carriers (n = 10) than in noncarriers (n = 78) both at baseline and during follow-up. However, the antibody levels depended on the serotype and age of the children. During the study period, 35% of unvaccinated noncarriers and 60% of unvaccinated carriers displayed serum antibodies to all serotypes above the reported WHO working group putative protective serum concentration against invasive disease (0.2 μg/ml). Overall, children vaccinated with Prevenar before enrollment (n = 61), irrespective of their carrier status, displayed significantly higher serum levels of antibodies to all serotypes than unvaccinated children. More than 85% of the vaccinated children had protective serum antibody concentrations at baseline; although antibody titers tended to decrease over time, the above-mentioned figure remained without change at the end of follow-up. The vaccine Prevenar elicited a significant rise in serum antibody concentrations against all serotypes in 14 children vaccinated at entry. All of these children acquired and maintained serum antibody levels of >0.2 μg/ml throughout the study (a mean of 13 months of follow-up). These data support the systematic use of the vaccine Prevenar in children with underlying chronic or recurrent lung diseases and stress the fact that a percentage of vaccinated children may need to be revaccinated in order to achieve protection against pneumococcal disease.

scholarly journals Immunoglobulin G and A Antibody Responses to Bacteroides forsythus and Prevotella intermedia in Sera and Synovial Fluids of Arthritis Patients

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1043-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ketil Moen ◽  
Johan G. Brun ◽  
Tor Magne Madland ◽  
Turid Tynning ◽  
Roland Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Prevotella Intermedia ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Iga Antibody ◽  
Antibody Levels

ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to investigate immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibody immune responses to Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Bacteroides forsythus, and Candida albicans in the sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the synovial fluid (SF) of patients with RA (RA-SF samples), and the SF of patients without RA (non-RA-SF samples). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine IgG and IgA antibody levels in 116 serum samples from patients with RA, 52 RA-SF samples, and 43 non-RA-SF samples; and these were compared with those in SF samples from 9 patients with osteoarthritis (OA-SF samples) and the blood from 100 donors (the control [CTR] group). Higher levels of IgG antibodies against B. forsythus (P < 0.0001) and P. intermedia (P < 0.0001) were found in non-RA-SF samples than in OA-SF samples, and higher levels of IgG antibodies against B. forsythus (P = 0.003) and P. intermedia (P = 0.024) were found in RA-SF samples than in OA-SF samples. Significantly higher levels of IgA antibodies against B. forsythus were demonstrated in both RA-SF and non-RA-SF samples than in OA-SF samples. When corrected for total Ig levels, levels of IgG antibody against B. forsythus were elevated in RA-SF and non-RA-SF samples compared to those in OA-SF samples. Lower levels of Ig antibodies against B. forsythus were found in the sera of patients with RA than in the plasma of the CTR group for both IgG (P = 0.003) and IgA (P < 0.0001). When corrected for total Ig levels, the levels of IgG and IgA antibodies against B. forsythus were still found to be lower in the sera from patients with RA than in the plasma of the CTR group (P < 0.0001). The levels of antibodies against P. gingivalis and C. albicans in the sera and SF of RA and non-RA patients were comparable to those found in the respective controls. The levels of IgG and IgA antibodies against B. forsythus were elevated in SF from patients with RA and non-RA-SF samples compared to those in OA-SF samples. Significantly lower levels of IgG and IgA antibodies against B. forsythus were found in the sera of patients with RA than in the plasma of the CTR group. This indicates the presence of an active antibody response in synovial tissue and illustrates a potential connection between periodontal and joint diseases.

scholarly journals The Most N-Terminal Region of THSD7A Is the Predominant Target for Autoimmunity in THSD7A-Associated Membranous Nephropathy

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 1536-1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Seifert ◽  
Elion Hoxha ◽  
Anna M. Eichhoff ◽  
Gunther Zahner ◽  
Silke Dehde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membranous Nephropathy ◽  
Epitope Mapping ◽  
Hek293 Cells ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Epitope Recognition ◽  
Multidomain Structure ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Terminal Domains

Background Thrombospondin type 1 domain–containing 7A (THSD7A) has been identified as a pathogenic autoantigen in membranous nephropathy (MN). However, the THSD7A epitopes targeted by patient autoantibodies are unknown.Methods We performed an in silico analysis of the THSD7A multidomain structure, expressed the folded domains in HEK293 cells, and tested for domain reactivity with 31 serum samples from patients with THSD7A-associated MN using Western and native blotting. Immunogenicity of the antigen domains was further investigated by cDNA immunization of rabbits and mice.Results We characterized the extracellular topology of THSD7A as a tandem string of 21 thrombospondin type 1 domains. Overall, 28 serum samples (90%) recognized multiple epitope domains along the molecule. Detailed epitope mapping revealed that the complex consisting of the first and second N-terminal domains (amino acids 48–192) was recognized by 27 of 31 patient serum samples (87%). Serum recognizing one or two epitope domains showed lower anti-THSD7A antibody levels than serum recognizing three or more epitope domains. During follow-up, a loss of epitope recognition was observed in seven of 16 patients, and it was accompanied by decreasing antibody levels and remission of proteinuria. In four of 16 patients, epitope recognition patterns changed during follow-up. Notably, immunization experiments in rabbits and mice revealed that induced antibodies, like patient autoantibodies, preferentially bound to the most N-terminal domains of THSD7A.Conclusions Our data show that the immune response in THSD7A-associated MN is polyreactive and that autoantibodies predominantly target the most N-terminal part of THSD7A.

scholarly journals Detection of diphtheria toxin antibodies in human sera in New Zealand by ELISA

1986 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. H. Lau
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Diphtheria Toxin ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Antibody Levels

SUMMARYAn enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to detect IgG antibodies to diphtheria toxin in human serum. Serum samples obtained from 557 normal persons aged 1–65 years from different areas in New Zealand showed maximum antibody levels in the 1–9 years age group (95·1%) and the least in the 60–65 years age group (38·1%). The indirect ELISA is suitable for sero-epidemiological survey study as it is simple to perform, economical and precise.

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