scholarly journals Effect of Multiple Freeze-Thaw Cycles on Detection of Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Virus Antibodies

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman A. Pinsky ◽  
Jeanne M. Huddleston ◽  
Robert M. Jacobson ◽  
Peter C. Wollan ◽  
Gregory A. Poland
Keyword(s):  
Rubella Virus ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Fresh Serum ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Adult Volunteers

ABSTRACT We investigated the effect of multiple freeze-thaw cycles on mumps, measles, and rubella virus serum antibody levels with whole-virus immunoglobulin G enzyme-linked immunoassays. Fresh serum samples from nine healthy adult volunteers were divided into six sets of five aliquots each. Samples were taken through a total of 10 freeze-thaw cycles and stored at 4°C until assayed. Each assay measurement was done in replicates of five, and the mean value was reported. After completing 10 freeze-thaw cycles, we found no clinically or statistically significant effect on measured antibody levels and found no discernible detrimental effect on the ability to measure these antibodies by enzyme-linked immunoassays.

scholarly journals IgM Anti PGL-1 Antibody Level in Patients with Leprosy: A Comparative Study between Ear Lobes Capillary and Median Cubital Vein Blood Samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1346-1348
Author(s):  
Khairina Nasution ◽  
Kristina Nadeak ◽  
Syahril Rahmat Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sample ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Median Cubital Vein ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Antibody Levels

BACKGROUND: To establish the diagnosis of leprosy accurately, additional examination such as serologic examination with ELISA is required. There are considerations about taking a blood sample from the earlobe region.AIM: To determine the differences in IgM anti-PGL-1 antibody levels from earlobe capillary and median cubital vein blood sample in leprosy patients.METHODS: An observational analytic study using a cross-sectional study involving 30 patients with leprosy. ELISA examination of earlobe blood samples with filter paper, and the median cubital vein blood samples with filter paper and conventional methods were performed to determine IgM anti-PGL-1 antibody levels.RESULTS: The mean value of IgM anti PGL-1 antibody levels from earlobe blood samples with filter paper (1476.62 μ/ml) was relatively similar with median cubital vein blood samples with conventional method (1476.77 μ/ml), but the mean value of IgM anti PGL-1 antibody levels from median cubital vein blood samples with filter paper (1210.37 μ/ml) was lower from other methods. However, there was no statistically significant difference between them.CONCLUSION: There are no significant differences between the mean levels of IgM anti-PGL-1 antibody from earlobe and the median cubital vein blood samples.

scholarly journals Systemic Antibiotics Influence Periodontal Parameters and Oral Microbiota, But Not Serological Markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Kopra ◽  
Laura Lahdentausta ◽  
Milla Pietiäinen ◽  
Kåre Buhlin ◽  
Päivi Mäntylä ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Periodontal Inflammation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Systemic Antibiotics

The use of systemic antibiotics may influence the oral microbiota composition. Our aim was to investigate in this retrospective study whether the use of prescribed antibiotics associate with periodontal status, oral microbiota, and antibodies against the periodontal pathogens. The Social Insurance Institution of Finland Data provided the data on the use of systemic antibiotics by record linkage to purchased medications and entitled reimbursements up to 1 year before the oral examination and sampling. Six different classes of antibiotics were considered. The Parogene cohort included 505 subjects undergoing coronary angiography with the mean (SD) age of 63.4 (9.2) years and 65% of males. Subgingival plaque samples were analysed using the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridisation. Serum and saliva antibody levels to periodontal pathogens were analysed with immunoassays and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activity with the LAL assay. Systemic antibiotics were prescribed for 261 (51.7%) patients during the preceding year. The mean number of prescriptions among them was 2.13 (range 1–12), and 29.4% of the prescriptions were cephalosporins, 25.7% penicillins, 14.3% quinolones, 12.7% macrolides or lincomycin, 12.0% tetracycline, and 5.8% trimethoprim or sulphonamides. In linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, current smoking, and diabetes, number of antibiotic courses associated significantly with low periodontal inflammation burden index (PIBI, p < 0.001), bleeding on probing (BOP, p = 0.006), and alveolar bone loss (ABL, p = 0.042). Cephalosporins associated with all the parameters. The phyla mainly affected by the antibiotics were Bacteroidetes and Spirochaetes. Their levels were inversely associated with the number of prescriptions (p = 0.010 and p < 0.001) and directly associated with the time since the last prescription (p = 0.019 and p < 0.001). Significant inverse associations were observed between the number of prescriptions and saliva concentrations of Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola and subgingival bacterial amounts of Porphyromonas gingivalis, P. intermedia, T. forsythia, and T. denticola. Saliva or serum antibody levels did not present an association with the use of antibiotics. Both serum (p = 0.031) and saliva (p = 0.032) LPS activity was lower in patients having any antibiotic course less than 1 month before sampling. Systemic antibiotics have effects on periodontal inflammation and oral microbiota composition, whereas the effects on host immune responses against the periodontal biomarker species seem unchanged.

Effect of trauma on rat serum proteolytic activity

1963 ◽  
Vol 204 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Letitia Beard ◽  
John K. Hampton
Keyword(s):  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Proteolytic Enzyme ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Mean

The effect of Noble-Collip drum trauma on serum proteolytic activity of normal and trauma-resistant rats has been investigated. Rats were subjected to a range of 0–480 Noble-Collip drum revolutions (40 rev/min). Rat serum samples from arterial blood were assayed in terms of their ability to lyse casein-I131. This analysis reflected serum proteolytic enzyme (plasmin) concentration. Intensive trauma (240 revolutions and above) produced statistically significant increases in serum proteolytic activity in nonadapted and trauma-resistant rats. The level of serum proteolytic activity for both rat groups rose progressively with each increase in trauma dose. In this drumming range, (240–480 revolutions) the mean serum proteolytic activity of the nonadapted rats was consistently higher than the corresponding mean value for trauma-resistant rats at each trauma dose. It was concluded that the ability of rats to limit the production of serum proteolytic activity in response to trauma may be associated with their resistance to trauma.

scholarly journals Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Measurement of Cytomegalovirus Glycoprotein B Antibody in Serum

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 836-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Hackett ◽  
Changpin Zhang ◽  
Carla Stefanescu ◽  
Robert F. Pass
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Glycoprotein B ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Antibody Levels

ABSTRACT Measurement of antibody to cytomegalovirus (CMV) glycoprotein B (gB) is valuable in the assessment of the antibody response to infection and to gB-containing vaccines. For this purpose, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with a recombinant CMV gB molecule as the antigen was evaluated. Sera from 168 anti-CMV IgG-positive and 100 seronegative subjects were used to evaluate the anti-gB antibody assay. A cutoff optical density (OD) that would distinguish gB antibody-positive from -negative sera was established. Titers of antibody to gB determined by endpoint dilution were compared with those calculated using regression analysis. The run-to-run and interoperator reproducibilities of results were measured. The mean OD + 5 standard deviations from 50 anti-CMV IgG antibody-negative sera (0.2472) was used as the cutoff between anti-gB antibody-positive and -negative results. All sera from 100 anti-CMV IgG-seronegative subjects were negative for antibody to gB. All but 1 of 168 sera from seropositive subjects were positive for antibody to gB. Observed antibody levels based on titration to the endpoint were very similar to results calculated using linear regression. The run-to-run consistency of endpoints was excellent, with 38 runs from one operator and 48 runs from another all giving results within 1 dilution of the mean value for each of three anti-CMV IgG antibody-positive serum pools. The geometric mean titer of antibody to gB for 99 sera from seropositive blood donors was 1/10,937. This ELISA gives accurate and reproducible results for the relative quantity of anti-CMV gB IgG in serum over a wide range of antibody levels.

scholarly journals Antenatal Screening for Hepatitis B and Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and Rubella Virus: Evaluation of Two Commercial Immunoassay Systems

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 785-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. A. Diepersloot ◽  
Hiske Dunnewold-Hoekstra ◽  
Jorien Kruit-den Hollander ◽  
Fer Vlaspolder
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Rubella Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Random Access ◽  
Antenatal Screening ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Discrepancy Analysis ◽  
Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Antibody Levels

ABSTRACT A comparative evaluation of the Abbott AxSYM and DPC Immulite random-access analyzers was performed using 497 prospectively collected serum samples. These samples were sent to the laboratory for routine antenatal screening for hepatitis B surface antigen and immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and rubella virus. The overall agreement between the two assay systems ranged from 97.4 to 100%. After discrepancy analysis, the outcome in terms of sensitivity and specificity varied from 98.2 to 100% for all but one of the assays tested. The AxSYM rubella virus IgG assay tended to report protective or indeterminate antibody levels in 1% of the samples. This shortcoming might be overcome by raising the cutoff of the microparticle enzyme immunoassay system.

scholarly journals Functional and Specific Antibody Responses in Adult Volunteers in New Zealand Who Were Given One of Two Different Meningococcal Serogroup B Outer Membrane Vesicle Vaccines

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 830-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Wedege ◽  
K. Bolstad ◽  
A. Aase ◽  
T. K. Herstad ◽  
L. McCallum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Membrane Vesicle ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Outer Membrane Vesicle ◽  
Igg Binding ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Adult Volunteers

ABSTRACT This study presents detailed analyses of total and specific serum antibody levels among 26 and 24 adult volunteers before vaccination and after the third dose of the meningococcal serogroup B outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines MeNZB and MenBvac, respectively, in a clinical trial in New Zealand (V. Thornton, D. Lennon, K. Rasanathan, J. O'Hallahan, P. Oster, J. Stewart, S. Tilman, I. Aaberge, B. Feiring, H. Nokleby, E. Rosenqvist, K. White, S. Reid, K. Mulholland, M. J. Wakefield, and D. Martin, Vaccine 24:1395-1400, 2006). With the homologous vaccine strains as targets, both vaccines induced significant increases in serum bactericidal and opsonophagocytic activities and in the levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) to OMV antigens in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and to live meningococci by flow cytometry. They also induced high levels of activity against the heterologous strains, particularly in terms of opsonophagocytic activity and IgG binding to live bacteria. The antibody levels with the homologous and heterologous strains in the four assays showed high and significant positive correlations. Specific IgG binding to 10 major OMV antigens in each vaccine was measured by scanning of immunoblots; ELISAs for two antigens, lipopolysaccharide and Neisseria surface protein A (NspA), were also performed. Both vaccines elicited significant increases in IgG binding to all homologous and heterologous OMV antigens except NspA. The total IgG band intensity on the blots correlated significantly with the IgG levels determined by the OMV ELISA and flow cytometry. In conclusion, the results of the various immunological assays showed that both OMV vaccines gave rise to high levels of specific and cross-reacting antibodies.

The biomarker N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and liver diseases

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Wang ◽  
Jiabao Geng ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Tong Li ◽  
Akira Matsumori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Hepatitis Viruses ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
Pathologic Lesions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hepatitis Virus Infection

Purpose: NT-proBNP has emerged as a powerful diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in heart disease. Studies showed that NT-proBNP is a sensitive biomarker for identifying patients with heart failure caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) related myocarditis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the serum concentration of NT-proBNP and hepatitis virus infection/liver disease. Methods: 223 serum samples from blood donors (aged 19~50 years old) were collected as a control group, and 644 samples were obtained from patients infected by hepatitis viruses including 493 HBV: 364 chronic hepatitis (CH), 86 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 43 liver cirrhosis (LC) and 151 HCV (85 CH, 14 HCC, 52 LC). All samples were assayed with an Elecsys immunoassay analyzer for NT-proBNP concentration. Results: The mean concentration of NT-proBNP in the control group was 21.77 pg/ml and showed no significant variation with either age or gender. Both the mean value and the rate of abnormality of NT-proBNP were significantly higher for the HBV- and HCV-infected groups in comparison with the control group. The mean NT-proBNP value (380.24 pg/ml) and abnormality rate (38.41%) in the HCV group were higher than that of the HBV group. For samples from patients with HBV/HCV-related hepatic disease/pathology, the mean NT-proBNP value (517.19 pg/ml/597.18 pg/ml) were the highest in the liver cirrhosis group. Conclusions: Hepatic pathologic lesions, particularly cirrhosis, may contribute to the elevation of NT-proBNP in subjects with HBV/HCV infection.

Comparison of serum vascular endothelial growth levels between patients with and without ovarian malignancies

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 715-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Dehaven ◽  
D. D. Taylor ◽  
C. Gercel-Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Screening ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

The objective of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and ovarian malignancies by contrasting a population with ovarian malignancies and a population free of gynecological neoplasms. Two hundred forty four serum samples were obtained from the US National Cancer Institute's Prostate, Lung, Colon, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Project. These samples were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in duplicate, and on completion of the assays, the samples were decoded for age and disease type. Average VEGF values for the nongynecological control group was 4.399 ng/ml; for benign gynecologic cases, 2.515 ng/ml; and for patients with malignancies, 4.287 ng/ml. Specifically, there was no difference between the mean value of VEGF in patients with ovarian malignancies and the patients with benign gynecological tumors (P = 0.8823). Also, there was no difference between the mean value of VEGF in patients with ovarian malignancies and the control patients who did not have gynecological disease (P = 0.3110). Using the Mann–Whitney U-test, no significant differences were found between the three populations of this study. Based on our data, due to the lack of significant difference in mean serum VEGF values between patients with and without ovarian malignancies, we feel that serum VEGF cannot be used as a possible screening tool for ovarian cancer.

Prevalence and persistence of Chlamydia trachomatis-specific antibodies after occasional and recurrent infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Öhman ◽  
Tiina Rantsi ◽  
Päivi Joki-Korpela ◽  
Aila Tiitinen ◽  
Heljä-Marja Surcel
Keyword(s):  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Recurrent Infection ◽  
Chlamydia Infection ◽  
Recurrent Infections ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Initial Infection ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Antibody Levels

ObjectivesPopulation-based Chlamydia trachomatis seroepidemiological studies help to identify trends in chlamydia infection. However, an improved understanding of the antibody response to infection is required when using serology to estimate cumulative incidence. Thus, the objectives of this longitudinal, retrospective, biobank-based study were to assess the appearance and persistence of C. trachomatis major outer membrane protein (MOMP)-specific serum IgG antibodies after infection and to evaluate the role of antibodies in providing protective immunity against recurrent infection.MethodsData of notified C. trachomatis infections in Finland were obtained from the National Infectious Diseases Register. Serum samples were acquired from the Finnish Maternity Cohort. 411 women with single chlamydia infection and 62 women with recurrent infections, and for whom suitable paired serum samples were available, were included in the study. Antibody appearance, persistence after infection and the impact of recurrent infections were evaluated. IgG antibodies specific for MOMP were measured from serum using an ELISA method.ResultsAnti-C. trachomatis MOMP-specific IgG antibodies were detected in 65.5% (269/411) of women within 3 months of notification of infection. In the absence of recurrent infection, seroprevalence declined to 34.5% (142/411) 3–10 years after the initial infection. The serum antibody levels at baseline correlated positively with seroprevalence at follow-up. Reinfection boosted the humoral immune response by increasing seroprevalence and the serum antibody levels. Seroprevalence within 3 months after first notification of infection was 65.5% (19/29) in women who were later diagnosed with recurrent infection, comparable with women with single notification of infection (65.5%, 269/411).ConclusionsApproximately one-third of women with single notification of chlamydia infection remain seropositive 3–10 years after the initial infection. The concentration of antibodies remained stable during the follow-up. Recurrent infection boosted the humoral immune response, but reinfection occurred despite the presence of pre-existing antibodies.

scholarly journals The serum and conjunctival antibody response to trachoma in Gambian children

1972 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 727-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. H. Collier ◽  
J. Sowa ◽  
Shiona Sowa
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Immunofluorescence Method ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Follicular Hyperplasia ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Iga Antibody ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Almost All

SUMMARYNinety-nine young Gambian children were studied for 61 weeks. About half of them had trachoma at the outset, and 80 % of the remainder acquired the disease while under observation. IgG trachoma antibody in the serum and IgG and IgA antibodies in the conjunctival secretions (CS) were titrated by an indirect immunofluorescence method. In serum samples obtained in capillary tubes the mean titre was slightly higher than in samples collected on filter paper. Sorum antibody at titres ↛ 1/10 was invariably associated with a clinical diagnosis of trachoma; it increased both in frequency and titre as the disease progressed, and was present in about half of those with Tr II. In CS, IgG antibody was present less often and at lower titres than in serum, and IgA antibody was detected even less frequently. There was some evidence of correlation between the titres of IgG and IgA antibodies in CS, but none for a relationship between the titres of the antibodies in serum and those in CS. Antibodies were almost never present in the absence of conjunctival follicles, but their titres were unrelated to the degree of follicular hyperplasia; there was no obvious relationship between the serological findings and corneal lesions. In children diagnosed clinically as trachoma, serum antibody was present in almost all those with conjunctival inclusions, and in a proportion of inclusion-negative subjects; the mean titre was much higher in the inclusion-positive group.These findings do not settle whether CS antibodies are made locally, or are derived partly or wholly from the blood. They suggest that the indirect immunofluorescence test may be a useful diagnostic aid in trachoma, particularly in view of the rarity of false positive reactions; but there is at present little to choose between it and complement-fixation tests in terms of sensitivity.

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