Correlation between tobacco control policies, consumption of rolled tobacco and e-cigarettes, and intention to quit conventional tobacco, in Europe

ObjectiveTo analyse the correlation between the implementation of tobacco control policies and tobacco consumption, particularly rolling tobacco, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) users and the intent to quit smoking in 27 countries of the European Union.DesignEcological study with the country as the unit of analysis.Data sourcesWe used the data from tobacco control activities, measured by the Tobacco Control Scale (TCS), in 27 European countries, in 2010, and the prevalence of tobacco consumption data from the Eurobarometer of 2012.AnalysisSpearman correlation coefficients (rsp) and their 95% CIs.ResultsThere was a negative correlation between TCS and prevalence of smoking (rsp=−0.41; 95% CI −0.67 to −0.07). We also found a negative correlation (rsp=−0.31) between TCS and the prevalence of ever e-cigarette users, but it was not statistically significant. Among former cigarette smokers, there was a positive and statistically significant correlation between TCS and the consumption of hand-rolled tobacco (rsp=0.46; 95% CI 0.06 to 0.70). We observed a similar correlation between TCS and other tobacco products (cigars and pipe) among former cigarette smokers. There was a significant positive correlation between TCS and intent to quit smoking in the past 12 months (rsp=0.66; 95% CI 0.36 to 0.87).ConclusionsThe level of smoke-free legislation among European countries is correlated with a decrease in the prevalence of smoking of conventional cigarettes and an increase in the intent to quit smoking within the past 12 months. However, the consumption of other tobacco products, particularly hand-rolled tobacco, is positively correlated with TCS among former cigarette smokers. Therefore, tobacco control policies should also consider other tobacco products, such as rolling tobacco, cigars and pipes.

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Heated tobacco products: another tobacco industry global strategy to slow progress in tobacco control

Tobacco Control ◽

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054340 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. s111-s117 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Stella A Bialous ◽

Stanton A Glantz

Keyword(s):

Harm Reduction ◽

Tobacco Control ◽

Tobacco Consumption ◽

Tobacco Product ◽

Global Strategy ◽

Tobacco Products ◽

Control Policies ◽

Tobacco Control Policies ◽

Tobacco Epidemic ◽

Slow Progress

There has been a global decline in tobacco consumption that, if continued, will negatively impact the tobacco industry’s profits. This decline led the industry to invent and market new products, including heated tobacco products (HTP). HTP are an extension of the industry’s strategies to undermine government’s tobacco regulatory efforts as they are being promoted as part of the solution for the tobacco epidemic. Under the moniker of ‘harm reduction’, the tobacco companies are attempting to rehabilitate their reputation so they can more effectively influence governments to roll back existing tobacco control policies or create exemptions for their HTP. Rolling back tobacco control policies will make it easier for the companies to renormalise tobacco use to increase social acceptability for all their products. When regulations are absent or when loopholes exist in classifying HTP as a tobacco product (thus subject to all tobacco control regulations), the industry’s marketing of HTP is making these products more visible to the public and more accessible. Governments need to ensure that HTP are regulated as tobacco products or drugs and reject partnerships with the tobacco companies to promote ‘harm reduction’. The tobacco companies remain the vector of the tobacco-caused epidemic and cannot be part of the global tobacco control solution.

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Effects of global and domestic tobacco control policies on cigarette consumption per capita: an evaluation using monthly data in China

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025092 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. e025092 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xiaoxin Xu ◽

Xiulan Zhang ◽

Teh Wei Hu ◽

Leonard S Miller ◽

Mengnan Xu

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Control ◽

National Policy ◽

Tobacco Consumption ◽

Cigarette Consumption ◽

Policy Changes ◽

Control Policies ◽

Tobacco Control Policies ◽

Per Capita ◽

The Impact ◽

Cigarette Prices

IntroductionChina consumes 44% of the world’s cigarettes. Robust tobacco control measures are needed to contain the trend of increasing cigarette consumption. This paper examines the effectiveness of policy interventions introduced in China on reducing the country’s tobacco use.MethodsThe paper uses data on China’s monthly cigarette consumption per capita from January 2000 to June 2017 to estimate the impact of specific policies on China’s tobacco consumption. Tobacco consumption is calculated from monthly sales data from the China National Tobacco Corporation and demographic data from the China National Bureau of Statistics. The policies studied include the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), national tobacco-related policy changes and two tobacco tax increases implemented in China during the study period. Segmented regression analysis is used to estimate the immediate effects of the policies studied and changes in the time trends resulted from these policy changes.FindingsThe impact of national policy changes in China is almost 20 times greater than the impact of the WHO FCTC treaty itself, and national policy changes in tobacco control are a determining factor in reversing the trend of increasing tobacco consumption in China. The 2015 tax increase, which raised retail cigarette prices, produced both immediate and trend effects, with a total incremental effect 7.8 times that of the 2009 tax increase, which did not result in higher cigarette prices for the consumer.InterpretationsTranslating global tobacco control policies into domestic policies will generate a much greater impact on reducing average cigarette consumption, and tobacco taxes that are reflected in the retail prices of cigarettes will be more effective in reducing cigarette consumption.

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Exposure to Secondhand Smoke Among Nonsmokers in New York City in the Context of Recent Tobacco Control Policies: Current Status, Changes Over the Past Decade, and National Comparisons

Nicotine & Tobacco Research ◽

10.1093/ntr/ntw135 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 18 (11) ◽

pp. 2065-2074 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Sharon E. Perlman ◽

Claudia Chernov ◽

Shannon M. Farley ◽

Carolyn M. Greene ◽

Kenneth M. Aldous ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York City ◽

Tobacco Control ◽

York City ◽

Secondhand Smoke ◽

Current Status ◽

Control Policies ◽

The Past ◽

Tobacco Control Policies ◽

Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

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Retailer Compliance with State and Local Policies on Tobacco Advertising

Tobacco Regulatory Science ◽

10.18001/trs.6.2.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 91-104

Author(s):

Bukola Usidame ◽

Edward A. Miller ◽

Joanna E. Cohen

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Control ◽

Retail Store ◽

Primary Data ◽

Retail Stores ◽

Tobacco Products ◽

Control Policies ◽

Tobacco Advertising ◽

Tobacco Control Policies ◽

State And Local ◽

Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors

Objectives: In this study, we assessed factors associated with retailer compliance with state and local government policies targeted at tobacco retail advertising in Massachusetts. Methods: Primary data collection was from 419 retail stores across 42 selected municipalities. Multi-level Bayesian logistic regression models assessed the relationship between retailer compliance and the comprehensiveness of local tobacco control policies; we also examined the number of tobacco ads, retail store type, and municipality-level socioeconomic and demographic factors. Results: Retail stores were fully compliant with state laws. At 92%, compliance with local tobacco advertising regulations was also high; a few retail stores advertised and sold flavored tobacco products and discounted tobacco products below the listed price. Retail stores with more tobacco ads and lower municipality-level smoking prevalence were less likely to be compliant with local tobacco advertising regulations relative to retail stores in other municipalities. Conclusions: Findings reveal a high degree of compliance with state and local tobacco advertising regulations in Massachusetts. State law in Massachusetts does not preempt local ordinances adopting more stringent tobacco control policies. Other states may exhibit similar levels of compliance should they follow Massachusetts example in allowing municipalities to adopt and enforce regulations that improve retail store compliance, hence limiting tobacco retail advertising.

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Prevalence and Factors Associated With Attempts to Quit and Smoking Cessation in Malaysia

Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1010539519874944 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (7_suppl) ◽

pp. 22S-31S ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Kuang Hock Lim ◽

Pei Pei Heng ◽

Mohamad Haniki Nik Mohamed ◽

Chien Huey Teh ◽

Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Tobacco Control ◽

Tertiary Education ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Age Group ◽

Factors Associated ◽

The Past ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Tobacco Control Policies ◽

Former Smokers

Smoking cessation significantly reduces risk of smoking-related diseases and mortality. This study aims to determine the prevalence and factors associated with attempts to quit and smoking cessation among adult current smokers in Malaysia. Data from the National E-Cigarette Survey 2016 were analyzed. Forty nine percent of current smokers had attempted to quit at least once in the past 12 months and 31.4% of the respondents were former smokers. Multivariable analysis revealed that current smokers with low nicotine addiction and aged below 45 years were more likely to attempt to quit smoking. Being married, older age group, and having tertiary education were significantly associated with smoking cessation. Only half of the current smokers ever attempted to quit smoking and only a third of smokers quit. Stronger tobacco control policies are needed in Malaysia to encourage more smokers to quit smoking. Improved access to cessation support for underprivileged smokers is also needed.

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Prevalence of Young Adult Vaping, Substance Vaped, and Purchase Location Across Five Categories of Vaping Devices

Nicotine & Tobacco Research ◽

10.1093/ntr/ntaa232 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sam N Cwalina ◽

Jessica L Braymiller ◽

Adam M Leventhal ◽

Jennifer B Unger ◽

Rob McConnell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Los Angeles ◽

Tobacco Control ◽

Total Sample ◽

Tobacco Products ◽

Control Policies ◽

Use Patterns ◽

Tobacco Control Policies ◽

Youth And Young Adults ◽

Never Smokers

Abstract Introduction The rapidly evolving landscape of vaping devices has complicated analyses of use patterns among youth and young adults. The current study describes the prevalence of use, substances vaped, and purchasing behaviors across five different vaping device categories. Aims and Methods Participants (n = 2505; mean age = 19.2, SD = 0.46) from a cohort in the Los Angeles area completed web-based surveys from June 2018 to October 2019. For each of four device type categories depicted via digital images (any pod-style vape, cigalike, box-mod, vape pen) and for JUUL specifically, participants reported ever and past 30-day use, substance vaped (mostly nicotine, nicotine and tetrahydrocannabinol [THC], mostly THC, neither), ownership of device (yes/no), where they obtained that device (eg, purchased themselves, from a friend), and if purchased, purchase location (eg, vape shop, online). Results Overall, 44.9% reported ever use, and 26.2% reported past 30-day use of at least one of the devices. The prevalence of past 30-day use was highest for pod-style vapes (any pod = 17.0%; JUUL = 15.1%). Among respondents who reported ever owning any device (n = 643 [25.7%]), 59.9% reported purchasing the device themselves, despite not being of legal purchasing age (15.4% of total sample); across all device types, products were most often purchased in vape shops or online. Conclusions Across all devices, the prevalence of self-purchase of vaping devices among underage young adults in the Los Angeles area was high, and most were purchased from a vape shop or online. Tobacco control policies to prevent underage purchase of tobacco products—particularly among never smokers—are needed. Implications A high proportion of underage young adults reported owning their own vaping device and having purchased it themselves from a vape shop or online. Stronger tobacco control policies and better enforcement efforts are needed to successfully prevent underage purchase of tobacco products.

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