Perceived addiction to vaping among youth and young adult regular vapers

2020 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2019-055352
Author(s):  
Alexia Camara-Medeiros ◽  
Lori Diemert ◽  
Shawn O'Connor ◽  
Robert Schwartz ◽  
Thomas Eissenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
Youth And Young Adults ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
People’S Perceptions

BackgroundThe prevalence of e-cigarette use among youth and young adults has increased markedly in recent years; however, little is known about young people’s perceptions of e-cigarette addiction. This study examines factors associated with self-reported addiction to e-cigarette use among this population.MethodsIn 2018, 1048 Canadians aged 16–25 years were recruited through online social media platforms to complete a survey. Quota sampling was used to oversample regular e-cigarette users (vaping at least weekly); these 578 regular users were included in this analysis. Self-perceived addiction was assessed by asking participants if they felt they were ‘very’, ‘somewhat’ or ‘not at all’ addicted to e-cigarettes. A proportional odds model was employed to identify factors associated with the ordinal outcome.ResultsAlmost half of regular users perceived themselves to be ‘not at all addicted’, 41% felt they were ‘somewhat addicted’ and 13% felt they were very addicted to e-cigarettes. Women, former cigarette smokers, daily vapers and those vaping for more than a year were more likely to report higher levels of perceived addiction. Similarly, high sensation-seeking youth, those reading blogs and websites about vaping, those frequently dripping and those using higher nicotine strengths had a greater likelihood of higher perceived addiction than their respective counterparts.ConclusionMore than half of youth and young adult regular e-cigarette users felt they had some level of addiction. The findings identify possible opportunities for targeted programming for education and treatment, as well as potential opportunities for policy change such as maximum allowable nicotine strengths.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with E-Cigarette Use in U.S. Young Adult Never Smokers of Conventional Cigarettes: A Machine Learning Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7271
Author(s):  
Nkiruka C. Atuegwu ◽  
Cheryl Oncken ◽  
Reinhard C. Laubenbacher ◽  
Mario F. Perez ◽  
Eric M. Mortensen
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Never Smokers

E-cigarette use is increasing among young adult never smokers of conventional cigarettes, but the awareness of the factors associated with e-cigarette use in this population is limited. The goal of this work was to use machine learning (ML) algorithms to determine the factors associated with current e-cigarette use among US young adult never cigarette smokers. Young adult (18–34 years) never cigarette smokers from the 2016 and 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) who reported current or never e-cigarette use were used for the analysis (n = 79,539). Variables associated with current e-cigarette use were selected by two ML algorithms (Boruta and Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)). Odds ratios were calculated to determine the association between e-cigarette use and the variables selected by the ML algorithms, after adjusting for age, gender and race/ethnicity and incorporating the BRFSS complex design. The prevalence of e-cigarette use varied across states. Factors previously reported in the literature, such as age, race/ethnicity, alcohol use, depression, as well as novel factors associated with e-cigarette use, such as disabilities, obesity, history of diabetes and history of arthritis were identified. These results can be used to generate further hypotheses for research, increase public awareness and help provide targeted e-cigarette education.

scholarly journals Developing Pictorial Cigarillo Warnings: Insights From Focus Groups

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Cornacchione Ross ◽  
Jessica L King ◽  
Allison J Lazard ◽  
Seth M Noar ◽  
Beth A Reboussin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
Cognitive Reactions ◽  
Pictorial Warnings ◽  
Youth And Young Adults ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Introduction The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) selected six text-only warnings for cigarillos to be implemented on packaging and advertising. Pictorial warnings are more effective at discouraging cigarette use than text-only warnings, yet no research exists for cigarillos. We sought to understand what types of images might be most effectively paired with the cigarillo text warnings to inform broad principles for developing pictorial warnings, with a focus on young adults, who have the highest rate of cigarillo use. Methods We conducted five focus groups with a total of N = 30 young adult cigarillo users and susceptible nonusers (53% female, 50% White, and 33% Black). Participants were shown four to eight unique images for each of the six text statements and were asked about visual–verbal congruency, emotional and cognitive reactions, and perceived effectiveness of each image. Sessions were recorded and transcribed; two investigators independently coded transcripts for emergent themes. Results Participants reported images that were graphic or “gross” would best grab attention and discourage use of cigarillos. Participants preferred images that were a direct illustration of the information in the warning text, rather than abstract images that required more cognitive effort to understand. Participants also highlighted that including people in the images, especially youth and young adults making eye contact, helped them relate to the warnings, garner their attention, and positively influence their reactions. Conclusions We identified several principles to inform the selection of images to pair with the FDA-required cigarillo text statements. These insights may also apply to pictorial warnings for other tobacco products. Implications This focus group study identified principles for selecting images to develop pictorial warnings for the six FDA text-only cigarillo warnings. We found that young adult cigarillo users and susceptible nonusers preferred images that were graphic and gross, believable, congruent to the warning text, and included people. Images that match young adults’ visual expectations of a disease and are emotion-provoking may be most effective in pictorial warnings and highlight challenges for developing pictorial warnings for health effects that do not have a visible health consequence.

scholarly journals The Effect of Conventional Versus Electronic Cigarette Use on Treatment Outcomes of Peri-Implant Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reham AL Jasser ◽  
Mohammed Zahid ◽  
Mohammed Al Sarhan
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background: Treatment outcomes associated with the peri-implant diseases are significantly influenced by individual habits. Several studies identified smoking as one of the important risk factors associated with ineffective treatment outcomes. The present study aims to compare changes in periodontal clinical parameters between conventional and electronic cigarette smokers with non-smokers. It further evaluates changes of salivary inflammatory biomarkers (IL-1 β, IL-6, MMP-8 and TIMP1) after treating peri-implantitis. Participants were divided into three groups: conventional cigarette smokers, E-smokers and non-smokers; each consisting of 20 participants. Results: Findings of the study indicated that the change in gingival color from red to pink is significantly higher in cigarette smokers and non-smokers when compared with electronic smokers (p=0.043). The gingival consistent changed to be firm in cigarettes smokers and non-smokers. The prevalence of PI, BOP and PD it has reduced across the groups of cigarette and smokers over the four intervals of observation. Besides, no statistically significant difference with the means values of KTW. The level of MMP-8 at baseline of three groups had reduced but increased marginally at sixth month and at the completion of one year among cigarette and e-smokers. The mean IL-6 values had significantly reduced, except for electronic smoking. The IL-1 β values had significantly increased in all groups. The increase of TIMP-1 values in non-smokers is higher at all the three-time points. Conclusion: All clinical parameters show enhancement post treatment. However, salivary biological biomarkers (MMP-8, IL-1 β and IL-6) have shown a decline in all groups treated.

User and Message Level Correlated of Endorsement and Engagement for HIV-related Messages on Twitter (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Bonett ◽  
Jimin Oh ◽  
Elissa Kranzler ◽  
Bruno Saconi ◽  
Robin Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Prevention Messages ◽  
Youth And Young Adults ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Youth and young adults continue to experience high rates of HIV, and are also frequent users of social media. Social media platforms such as Twitter can bolster efforts to promote HIV prevention for these individuals, and while HIV-related messages exist on Twitter, little is known about the impact or reach of these messages for this population. OBJECTIVE This study aims to address this gap in the literature by identifying user and message characteristics that are associated with tweet endorsement (favorited) and engagement (retweeted) among youth and young men (ages 13-24). METHODS In a secondary analysis of data from a study of HIV-related messages posted by young men on Twitter, we used model selection techniques to examine user and tweet-level factors associated with tweet endorsement and engagement. RESULTS Tweets from personal user accounts garnered greater endorsement and engagement than tweets from institutional users (aOR = 3.27, 95% CI [2.75, 3.89], p < .001). High follower count was associated with increased endorsement and engagement (aOR = 1.05, 95% CI [1.04 - 1.06], p < .001); tweets that discussed STIs garnered lower endorsement and engagement (aOR = 0.59, 95% CI [0.47 – 1.74], p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest practitioners should partner with youth to design and disseminate HIV prevention messages on social media, incorporate content that resonates with youth audiences, and work to challenge stigma and foster social norms conducive to open conversation about sex, sexuality, and health.

scholarly journals Predictors of E-Cigarette Initiation: Findings From the Youth and Young Adult Panel Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 1179173X2097748
Author(s):  
Navitha Jayakumar ◽  
Shawn O’Connor ◽  
Lori Diemert ◽  
Robert Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Social Influences ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽  
Youth And Young Adults

Objectives: Although previous studies have identified reasons why youth try e-cigarettes, longitudinal research is needed to identify predictors of e-cigarette initiation. This study assesses predictors of e-cigarette initiation among youth and young adults in the 2018-2019 Youth and Young Adult Panel Study. Methods: This study examined the proportion of Canadian participants aged 16 to 25 (n = 137) reporting never use of e-cigarettes at baseline in 2018. Individuals were categorized as not initiated and initiated at 12-month follow-up. We examined demographic characteristics, substance use, health status, social influences and perception by initiation category. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) were calculated using logistic regression models and multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Among the 137 never e-cigarette users at baseline, 59% remained never users while 41% initiated use of e-cigarettes during the 12-month follow-up. The results of multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that regularly seeing anyone use e-cigarettes (AOR: 4.11; 95% CI: 1.04, 16.31) and seeing anyone use e-cigarettes very often or always at baseline (AOR: 4.54; 95% CI: 1.21, 17.01) is associated with initiating e-cigarette use among youth and young adults. Conclusion: The results revealed social influences to be the most important predictors of initiation among youth and young adults. Interventions to prevent youth and young adults from initiating e-cigarette use should expand from only focusing on peer use to reducing use in public space such as parks and recreational facilities.

Factors Associated With Concurrent Cigarette and Electronic Cigarette Use in U.S. Adults

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Pulvers ◽  
R.B. Hayes ◽  
T.S. Scheuermann ◽  
D.R. Romero ◽  
A.S. Emami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Factors associated with choosing fertility preservation in a pediatric, adolescent and young adult population

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. e67
Author(s):  
Megan R. Sax ◽  
Tara Schafer-Kalkhoff ◽  
Brycen Ferrara ◽  
Olivia Jaworek Frias ◽  
Lesley Breech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Fertility Preservation ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Young Adult Population

scholarly journals Polytobacco product use among current cigarette smokers in Hong Kong, China: results from population surveys (2015–17)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Chau ◽  
M. P. Wang ◽  
Y. Wu ◽  
D. Y. T. Cheung ◽  
A. Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Policy ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Product Use ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Current Cigarette ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Background Polytobacco product use is increasingly popular, but little is known about the prevalence, trend, and factors of such use particularly in non-western countries. Method A representative sample of 1139 current cigarette smokers aged 15+ (84.1% male) were telephone interviewed in Tobacco Control Policy-related Surveys in 2015–2017. Information collected included poly-tobacco use (PTU), smoking and socio-demographic characteristics. Associations of current PTU with related factors were analyzed using logistic regression with adjustment for confounders. Prevalence was weighted by age and sex of current cigarette users in the general population. Results Eighty-four point one percent (95% CI 81.4–86.6%) were exclusive cigarette smokers. Fifteen point nine percent (13.4–18.6%) were current polytobacco product users, 12.3% (10.2–14.8%) used one tobacco product and 2.52% (1.59–3.97%) used two tobacco products in addition to cigarette. Cigarette use with cigar was more common (6.28%, 4.75–8.27%), and the least used product with cigarette was e-cigarette (1.05%, 0.44–2.50%). The changes in overall prevalence of PTU by number of products use varied in 3 years. Current PTU was associated with being male (AOR 2.01, 95% CI 1.12–3.61), younger age (AORs range from 1.34–4.65, P for trend < .001) and less ready to quit (2.08, 1.09–3.97). Conclusions Prevalence of PTU increased slowly by year, one tobacco product use with cigarette was more common. The most used tobacco product with cigarette was cigar. Being male, younger and less ready to quit were associated with current PTU.

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