Computed tomographic findings in a case of feline insulinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e001054
Author(s):  
Eimear Shorten ◽  
Adam Swallow ◽  
Katie Elizabeth McCallum ◽  
Cornelia Holzhausen ◽  
Katherine Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Angiography ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Arterial Phase ◽  
Marked Contrast ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Venous Phase ◽  
Visual Disturbances

Insulinomas are functional insulin-secreting tumours of the beta cells of the pancreatic islets which are rare in cats. Clinical signs are a result of hypoglycaemia and include seizures, collapse, weakness, ataxia, disorientation, mental dullness and visual disturbances. An 11-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat was presented with a history of having a single abnormal neurological episode. Persistent hypoglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia and the presence of a well-defined pancreatic nodule on abdominal ultrasound resulted in a suspected diagnosis of insulinoma. Multiphasic CT angiography revealed a well-defined, homogeneous pancreatic mass which was isoattenuating to pancreatic parenchyma on precontrast images, had marked contrast enhancement in the arterial phase and moderate enhancement in the venous phase. CT angiography was a useful imaging modality for evaluating this case of histologically confirmed malignant insulinoma and its associated metastases.

Phlegmonous gastritis in 2 yearling horses

2022 ◽  
pp. 104063872110650
Author(s):  
Julie B. Engiles ◽  
Francisco A. Uzal ◽  
Mauricio A. Navarro ◽  
Virginia B. Reef ◽  
Susan J. Bender
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Proliferative Enteropathy ◽  
Mucosal Involvement ◽  
Phlegmonous Gastritis ◽  
History Of

Phlegmonous gastritis was diagnosed in 2 yearling fillies that were presented with a 1-wk history of fever, lethargy, and hypoproteinemia, associated with a previous diagnosis of equine proliferative enteropathy based on clinical signs and PCR assay detection of Lawsonia intracellularis in fecal samples. Abdominal ultrasound revealed enlargement of the stomach and expansion of its submucosal layer with hypoechoic fluid, as well as thickened hypomotile small intestinal segments. Given the poor prognosis and poor response to treatment, both horses were euthanized, one on the day of presentation and the other after 3 wk of intensive medical management including a combination of antimicrobials, analgesics, and intravenous colloids. At autopsy, acute mural gastritis characterized by severe submucosal edema with suppurative inflammation (i.e., phlegmonous gastritis) and necroulcerative enteritis compatible with the necrotizing form of equine proliferative enteropathy were identified in both horses. The gastric inflammation was associated with thrombosis and mixed bacterial populations, including Clostridium perfringens, that were confined to the submucosa without evidence of mucosal involvement; toxin genes compatible with C. perfringens type C were identified in one case. Human phlegmonous gastritis is an uncommon, often-fatal pyogenic infection that is often associated with mucosal injury, bacteremia, or immunocompromise. Our finding of this unusual gastric lesion in 2 horses with similar signalment, clinical disease, and spectrum of postmortem lesions suggests a similar etiopathogenesis that possibly involves local, regional, or distant hematogenous origin, and should be considered a potential complication of gastrointestinal mucosal compromise in horses.

Case 5.6

2014 ◽  
pp. 253-253
Author(s):  
Christine U. Lee ◽  
James F. Glockner
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Equilibrium Phase ◽  
Arterial Phase ◽  
Recurrent Pancreatitis ◽  
Portal Venous Phase ◽  
History Of ◽  
Venous Phase ◽  
Delayed Phase

37-year-old woman with a history of recurrent pancreatitis and abdominal pain Arterial phase (Figure 5.6.1A), portal venous phase (Figure 5.6.1B), equilibrium phase (Figure 5.6.1C), and 8-minute delayed phase (Figure 5.6.1D) postgadolinium 3D SPGR images show multiple splenic lesions that are initially hypoenhancing relative to adjacent spleen and become hyperintense on delayed images....

Computed tomographic characterisation of vertebral osteomyelitis in a goat kid

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001015
Author(s):  
Nicole Marie Szafranski ◽  
Aude Castel ◽  
Adrien-Maxence Hespel ◽  
Vincent Dore
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Column ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Vertebral Osteomyelitis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Digital Radiographs ◽  
Microbiological Testing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vertebral Bodies

A one-month-old male goat kid presented with a three weeks’ history of progressive neurological deficits and progressive tetraparesis. Initial therapeutic strategy with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and selenium supplementation only partly relieved clinical signs. Digital radiographs were performed antemortem and revealed a pathological fracture of the vertebral column. A CT scan was performed immediately postmortem. The imaging revealed lysis of the vertebral bodies of T8, T9, T12 and T13 and focal narrowing of the vertebral canal consistent with infectious osteomyelitis of the thoracic vertebral column. Histopathological examination and microbiological testing confirmed a multifocal discospondylitis and vertebral osteomyelitis of mixed bacterial origin.

scholarly journals Tracheal pseudomembrane secondary to aspiration pneumonia in a 6-year-old Ragdoll

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 205511692095997
Author(s):  
Hannah Kwong ◽  
Darren Fry ◽  
Gemma Birnie
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Endotracheal Intubation ◽  
Aspiration Pneumonia ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Gentle Traction ◽  
History Of

Case summary A 6-year-old female spayed Ragdoll presented with a 4-day history of acute onset non-productive retching, coughing and anorexia. A complete blood count, serum biochemistry, thoracic radiography and abdominal ultrasound were performed. Initially, aspiration pneumonia was suspected owing to an alveolar lung pattern in the right cranial ventral lung lobes seen on radiographs. The cat did not improve with empirical antibiotic therapy. Bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage were performed. An intraluminal tracheal mass was identified and removed via endoscopic guidance and gentle traction. Histopathology results were consistent with a fibrinous tracheal pseudomembrane. The cat was concurrently diagnosed with Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia, which was confirmed on bronchoalveolar lavage. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was also cultured within the pseudomembrane. The cat was received antimicrobial therapy for his Pseudomonas pneumonia. In humans, fibrinous tracheal pseudomembranes occur uncommonly as a complication following endotracheal intubation and rarely due to infectious organisms. As there was no prior history of endotracheal intubation, the development of fibrinous tracheal pseudomembrane in this cat was suspected to be secondary to Pseudonomas aeruginosa aspiration pneumonia. Relevance and novel information The present case report is the first to describe a tracheal pseudomembrane in a cat. Bronchoscopy-guided gentle traction and subsequent removal of the tracheal pseudomembrane resulted in a complete resolution of the clinical signs.

scholarly journals Complicated Sonographic View of Diffuse Hepatic Steatosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-222
Author(s):  
Melania Ardelean ◽  
Roxana Buzas ◽  
Daniel Lighezan ◽  
Basa Norina ◽  
Corina Duda-Seiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Arterial Phase ◽  
Benign Pathology ◽  
Uptake Pattern ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Venous Phase

The aim of this study was to reveal the important role of CEUS in identifying correctly benign hepatic lesion vs a malignant one. We report a case of a diffuse hepatic steatosis particular sonographic aspect in a middle aged male presenting with general malaise. History revealed cardiac pathology, diabetes mellitus type 2 and chemotreated prostate neoplasia. The abdominal ultrasound (US) presented numerous hyperechoic lesions disseminated in the whole parenchyma. A contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) of the lesions described an isoenhancement pattern of the lesions in the arterial phase, followed by the same aspect in the venous phase, with a high uptake pattern in the late phase. The CT and MRI also confirmed a diagnosis of a benign pathology. Hepatic steatosis may occur in chemotreated cancer patients, raising a suspicion of hepatic metastasis, but also due to the amount of lipid deposit distribution in the liver. Thus, CEUS was able to establish a correct diagnosis in a fast and reliable way.

scholarly journals Renal toxic disease in a cat

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-144
Author(s):  
Alex dos Santos ◽  
◽  
Mariana Martins ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Moderate Amount ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Hospitalization Period ◽  
History Of

Clinical History: This 8-month-old, male, mixed breed domestic shorthaired cat had a recent history of acute apathy and anorexia. It remained under hospital care for two days, during which it did not produce any urine. On the second day of hospitalization, another cat from the same household was brought in with similar clinical signs. These cats did not have any history of recent ingestion of antibiotics or other medication. Furthermore, they did not have any street or yard access since they were kept in an apartment. Both cats died spontaneously after a brief hospitalization period. Laboratory Findings: Marked increase of urea and creatinine in both cats was reported (values not informed). On abdominal ultrasound, both cats had perirenal edema, and small amount of free abdominal effusion was observed in this cat. Necropsy Findings: There was moderate amount of translucent, slightly yellowish fluid within the abdominal cavity, thoracic cavity and pericardial sac. There was moderate diffuse pulmonary edema. Moderate perirenal edema was observed bilaterally. The kidneys were diffusely swollen and pale (Fig. 1). On histopathologic exam, the cortical tubular epithelial cells were swollen, with hypereosinophilic cytoplasm and nuclear changes (karyolysis, pyknosis and karyorrhexis). These cells were frequently detached from the basement membrane. Some other tubular epithelial cells were swollen and markedly vacuolated. Accompanying these changes, multiple granular casts filled the tubular lumens in the cortical and medullar regions (Fig. 2).

scholarly journals CT Angiography in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
Pramod Kumar Chhetri ◽  
Kripesh Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽  
Ct Angiography ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Elderly Male ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
History Of ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Background: Peripheral arterial disease is one of the most important causes of morbidity. Non-invasive characterization of peripheral arterial disease is possible by using CT angiography. The aim of this research is to evaluate CT angiographic findings in patients with peripheral arterial disease, to characterize lesion, risk factors and site of lesion. Methods: This hospital based prospective study was conducted in 40 consecutive patients with lower limb peripheral arterial disease who underwent CT angiography in the Department of Radiodiagnosis College of Medical Sciences-Teaching Hospital from January 2018 to Jan 2019. Results: Atherosclerotic peripheral disease was most common in elderly male patient with history of smoking, hypertension, diabetes or dyslipidemia and usually presents in the late stages with single or multiple arterial segmental involvement including the abdominal aorta. However, non- atherosclerosis peripheral arterial disease was seen in younger patients and presents with vascular thrombosis. Conclusions: CT angiography is a reliable non-invasive imaging modality for evaluating patients with peripheral arterial disease and lesion characterization. Keywords: CTA; Peripheral arterial disease.  

scholarly journals A vaginal fornix foreign body in a bitch: a case report

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 457-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fabbi ◽  
S. Manfredi ◽  
F. Di Ianni ◽  
C. Bresciani ◽  
AM Cantoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
History Of ◽  
Grass Awn

A six-year-old intact female Lagotto Romagnolo was referred with a two-day history of purulent vulvar discharge associated with fever, lethargy, polyuria, polydipsia and signs of abdominal pain. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a grass awn foreign body in the vaginal fornix. Culture swabs obtained from the vagina revealed the presence of Staphylococcus epidermidis as the preponderant organism. Ovariohysterectomy was performed, and the presence of the grass awn was confirmed. A chronic-active vaginitis was found at histological examination. The dog recovered with resolution of all clinical signs.  Differential diagnoses for acute vulvar discharge in bitches should include retention of vaginal foreign bodies. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of a grass awn foreign body in the vaginal fornix of a dog.  

Pancreatic Abscess in a Cat with Diabetes Mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minji Lee ◽  
Ji-Houn Kang ◽  
Dongwoo Chang ◽  
Ki-Jeong Na ◽  
Mhan-Pyo Yang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Pancreatic Abscess ◽  
Cytological Analysis ◽  
Glargine Insulin ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽  
History Of

An 11 yr old spayed female Maine coon cat was referred with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. The cat had a 2 mo history of weight loss and intermittent vomiting. An abdominal ultrasound identified the presence of a large cavity measuring a maximum of 4.6 cm in the pancreas that was filled with a homogeneous echogenic fluid. Cytological analysis and culture of the fluid obtained from the pancreatic mass indicated the presence of a bacterial abscess. The application of nonsurgical drainage and the administration of glargine insulin and antibiotics resolved the clinical signs. The size of the pancreatic abscess was reduced after 5 mo, and the cat achieved diabetic remission and remained healthy at the time this report was prepared. This case report describes the successful treatment of a pancreatic bacterial abscess concurrent with diabetes mellitus in a Maine coon cat.

Remission of diabetes mellitus after ovariohysterectomy in a guinea pig with ovarian cysts

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (01) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Theresa Kreilmeier-Berger ◽  
Abigail Guija-De-Arespacochaga ◽  
Andrea Bilek ◽  
Frank Künzel
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Ovarian Cysts ◽  
Abdominal Palpation ◽  
Remission Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound Examination

AbstractA 3-year-old intact female guinea pig was presented with a history of polydipsia, polyphagia, and hyperactivity combined with non-pruritic hair loss. The physical examination revealed bilateral alopecia mainly including the flanks and the ventral abdomen. Bilateral rounded masses just caudal to the kidneys were detected on abdominal palpation. Abdominal ultrasound examination confirmed bilateral ovarian cysts and an enlarged uterus with cystic lesions. Blood biochemistry revealed highly increased glucose and fructosamine concentrations. The final diagnoses were diabetes mellitus, bilateral ovarian cysts, and pathologic changes of the uterus. The guinea pig underwent ovariohysterectomy. After surgery, diabetes mellitus and all of the existing clinical signs were fully resolved. A causal relationship between hormonally active ovarian cysts and diabetes mellitus that commonly present independently from each other in the guinea pig can be strongly assumed in the present case. In suspicious cases of gestagen-induced diabetes mellitus ovariohysterectomy could be considered a potential treatment option in guinea pigs.

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