Equine atypical myopathy: consumption of sycamore maple seedlings ( Acer pseudoplatanus ) by pastured horses is driven by seedling maturity and might be associated with phenolic compounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 187 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Aboling ◽  
Franziska Scharmann ◽  
Diana Bunzel
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Sycamore Maple

scholarly journals Fine-scale spatial genetic structure of sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 739-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhav Pandey ◽  
Oliver Gailing ◽  
Hans H. Hattemer ◽  
Reiner Finkeldey
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Spatial Genetic Structure ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Sycamore Maple

scholarly journals Growth performance and wood structure of wavy grain sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) in a progeny trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Quambusch ◽  
Cornelia Bäucker ◽  
Volker Haag ◽  
Andreas Meier-Dinkel ◽  
Heike Liesebach
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Breeding Systems ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Wood Structure ◽  
Progeny Trial ◽  
Plus Tree ◽  
Sycamore Maple ◽  
Figure Type

Abstract • Key message Wavy grain, a rare figure type of wood, leads to highly priced timber in Acer pseudoplatanus L. The influence of this trait on growth performance and its causes are not known. Analyzed wavy and straight grain sycamore maple progenies show comparable growth performance in a field trial. Stability of wavy grain after vegetative propagation is confirmed and genetic inheritance indicated. • Context Wavy grain is a rare figure type of wood resulting from undulating fiber growth that leads to a decorative and highly priced timber in Acer pseudoplatanus L. with top positions on auction sales. Nevertheless, neither the influence of this trait on growth performance is known, nor have the causes been disentangled. • Aims Our objectives were to find out if wavy grain figure influences growth parameters essential for log quality and to gain insight into the causes of wavy grain by the analysis of a progeny trial and a seed orchard. • Methods In a progeny trial with 30-year-old F-1-offspring from selected wavy grained and straight grained trees, trunk diameter, tree height, and trunk shape were evaluated. Additionally, 21 trees of the trial and selected plus tree-grafts of a seed orchard were felled and analyzed for occurrence and intensity of wavy grain structure. • Results No effect of the wavy and straight grain parentage on growth was observed in the progeny trial. Of the felled trees, over 30% showed evidence of wavy grain compared to rare occurrence in natural stands. Wood structure analysis of plus tree scions confirmed the stability of wavy grain after vegetative propagation. • Conclusion Wavy grain seems to be genetically inherited, and there seems to be no statistically significant difference in commercially relevant traits in the progeny. This highlights the value of including wavy grain as a desired attribute in breeding systems of maple.

scholarly journals Eutypella parasitica and Other Frequently Isolated Fungi in Wood of Dead Branches of Young Sycamore Maple (Acer pseudoplatanus) in Slovenia

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Brglez ◽  
Barbara Piškur ◽  
Nikica Ogris
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Outer Part ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Sycamore Maple

Eutypella parasitica R.W. Davidson and R.C. Lorenz is the causative agent of Eutypella canker of maple, a destructive disease of maples in Europe and North America. The fungus E. parasitica infects the trunk through a branch stub or bark wound. Because the fungal community may have an impact on infection and colonization by E. parasitica, the composition of fungi colonizing wood of dead branches of sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) was investigated in five sampling sites in Slovenia. Forty samples from each sampling site were collected between the November 2017 and March 2018 period. Isolations were made from the wood in the outer part of dead branches and from discoloured wood in the trunk that originated from a dead branch. Pure cultures were divided into morphotypes, and one representative culture per morphotype was selected for further molecular identification. From a total of 2700 cultured subsamples, 1744 fungal cultures were obtained, which were grouped into 212 morphotypes. The investigated samples were colonized by a broad spectrum of fungi. The most frequently isolated species were Eutypa maura (Fr.) Sacc., Eutypa sp. Tul. and C. Tul., Fusarium avenaceum (Fr.) Sacc., Neocucurbitaria acerina Wanas., Camporesi, E.B.G. Jones and K.D. Hyde and E. parasitica. In this study, we distinguished species diversity and the fungal community. There were no significant differences in the diversity of fungal species between the five sampling sites, and branch thickness did not prove to be a statistically significant factor in fungal species diversity. Nevertheless, relatively low Jaccard similarity index values suggested possible differences in the fungal communities from different sampling sites. This was confirmed by an analysis of similarities, which showed that the isolated fungal community distinctly differed between the five sampling sites and between the different isolation sources. Eutypella parasitica was isolated from all five investigated sampling sites, although Eutypella cankers were observed in only three sampling sites, indicating the possibility of asymptomatic infection.

scholarly journals Root vitality of Fagus sylvatica L., Quercus petraea Liebl. and Acer pseudoplatanus L. in mature mixed forest stand

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Dorota Grygoruk
Keyword(s):  
Fine Roots ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Common Beech ◽  
Natural Range ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica L ◽  
Root Vitality ◽  
Sycamore Maple

AbstractThe main task of the present study was to investigate the root vitality of common beech Fagus sylvatica L., sessile oak Quercus petraea Liebl. and sycamore maple Acer pseudoplatanus L. in the optimal g rowth conditions in south-western Poland. The study was carried out in 130-year-old mixed stand located within natural range of studied tree species. The density of roots (g/100 cm3of soil) and biomass of fine roots (g/m2) in topsoil layers (0-5 cm, 5-15 cm) were determined in the tree biogroups of the same species. The mean total root density ranged from 0.248 to 0.417 g/100 cm3in the 0-5 cm soil layer, and it decreased in the deeper soil layer (5-15 cm). There were found no statistically significant differences of total root densities between tree biogroups in topsoil layers. Diversity of fine root biomass was comparable in the tree biogroups (H’ = 1.5), but common beech showed more intensive growth of fine roots in the topsoil 0-15 cm when compared to sessile oak and sycamore maple. The results of the study point out the stability of the multi-species structure of the mixed stand studied, and consequently - the ability of beech, sessile oak and sycamore maple trees to coexist in the mixed stands - in the area of natural range of these species.

EFFECT OF PRUNING TIME ON GROWTH, WOUND CLOSURE AND PHYSIOLOGY OF SYCAMORE MAPLE (ACER PSEUDOPLATANUS L.)

2013 ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fini ◽  
F. Ferrini ◽  
P. Frangi ◽  
R. Piatti ◽  
M. Faoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Closure ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Sycamore Maple

scholarly journals New Gallotannin and other Phytochemicals from Sycamore Maple (Acer pseudoplatanus) Leaves

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Zong-Cai Tu ◽  
Tao Yuan ◽  
Hang Ma ◽  
Daniel B. Niesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Benzoic Acid Derivatives ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitors ◽  
Maple Leaves ◽  
Sycamore Maple ◽  
Clinical Drug

The maple (Acer) genus is a reported source of bioactive (poly)phenols, including gallotannins, but several of its members, such as the sycamore maple (A. pseudoplatanus). remain uninvestigated. Herein, thirty-nine compounds, including a new gallotannin, 1,2,3-tri- O-galloyl-6- O-( p-hydroxybenzoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), and thirty-eight (2-39) known compounds, consisting of four gallotannins, one ellagitannin, thirteen flavonoids, eight hydroxycinnamic acids, ten benzoic acid derivatives, and two sesquiterpenoids, were isolated from sycamore maple leaves. Their structures were determined based on NMR and mass spectral analyses. The isolates were evaluated for α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities. Among the isolates, the gallotannins were the most potent α-glucosidase inhibitors with thirteen-fold more potent activity compared with the clinical drug, acarbose (IC50 = 16–31 vs. 218 μM). Similarly, the gallotannins showed the highest antioxidant activities, followed by the other phenolic sub-classes, while the sesquiterpenoids were inactive.

scholarly journals Answers to the Frequently Asked Questions Regarding Horse Feeding and Management Practices to Reduce the Risk of Atypical Myopathy

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 365
Author(s):  
Dominique-Marie Votion ◽  
Anne-Christine François ◽  
Caroline Kruse ◽  
Benoit Renaud ◽  
Arnaud Farinelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Surveillance Networks ◽  
Native Tree ◽  
Sycamore Maple

In 2014, atypical myopathy (AM) was linked to Acer pseudoplatanus (sycamore maple) in Europe. The emergence of this seasonal intoxication caused by a native tree has raised many questions. This manuscript aims at answering the five most frequently asked questions (FAQs) regarding (1) identification of toxic trees; reduction of risk at the level of (2) pastures and (3) equids; (4) the risk associated with pastures with sycamores that have always been used without horses being poisoned and (5) the length of the risk periods. Answers were found in a literature review and data gathered by AM surveillance networks. A guide is offered to differentiate common maple trees (FAQ1). In order to reduce the risk of AM at pasture level: Avoid humid pastures; permanent pasturing; spreading of manure for pasture with sycamores in the vicinity and avoid sycamore maple trees around pasture (FAQ2). To reduce the risk of AM at horse level: Reduce pasturing time according to weather conditions and to less than six hours a day during risk periods for horses on risk pasture; provide supplementary feeds including toxin-free forage; water from the distribution network; vitamins and a salt block (FAQ3). All pastures with a sycamore tree in the vicinity are at risk (FAQ4). Ninety-four percent of cases occur over two 3-month periods, starting in October and in March, for cases resulting from seeds and seedlings ingestion, respectively (FAQ5).

scholarly journals Changes of the mixed mountain virgin forest after 70 years on a permanent plot in the Ukrainian Carpathians 567

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 567-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Veska ◽  
J. Šebesta ◽  
T. Kolář
Keyword(s):  
Abies Alba ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Timber Volume ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Virgin Forest ◽  
Tree Layer ◽  
Sycamore Maple ◽  
Associated Species

During 2004–2006, another permanent research plot (No. 12) on Pop Ivan Marmarosh Mt. in the Zakarpattya province of Ukraine was renewed, i.e. re-measured and re-analyzed. The plot was originally established in the 30’s of the 20<sup>th</sup> century. The tree layer is dominated by European beech (<I>Fagus sylvatica</I> L.), with Silver fir (<I>Abies alba</I> Mill.) and Norway spruce (<I>Picea abies</I> [L.] Karst.) as often associated species, and with sycamore maple (<I>Acer pseudoplatanus</I> L.) growing occasionally in small groups. After 70 years, the tree species composition partly changed. Total live timber volume increased from 529.6 to 636.3 m<sup>3</sup>/ha. Considerable growth was recorded in beech, while the live timber volume of fir, spruce and sycamore maple did not almost change. Total number of trees (> 3 cm in dbh) increased from 737 trees/ha to 760 trees/ha. Number of beech trees increased markedly. On the contrary, fir and spruce showed a significant decrease in tree number. Interesting results emerged from the renewal of the permanent square plot (20 × 20 m), proving that beech is able to persist in the shade for more than 70 years with only minimal increment of both height and diameter.

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