scholarly journals Specific imaging features of intestinal perforation on supine abdominal X-ray evaluation in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. e000255
Author(s):  
Han Zhang ◽  
Lu Guo ◽  
Keran Ling ◽  
Xiaoyu Hu ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Intestinal Perforation ◽  
Falciform Ligament ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Accuracy Of Prediction ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Perforation Group

BackgroundNecrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is associated with high mortality and morbidity in neonates. For infants with NEC, intestinal perforation is the most serious complication, and confirming perforation and performing radical surgical treatment as early as possible may reduce mortality and sequelae. The aim of this study was to identify the specific imaging characteristics of intestinal perforation after NEC on supine abdominal X-ray for the early diagnosis of intestinal perforation.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted at the Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. Infants admitted to the hospital from 2013 to 2020 with NEC (Bell’s stage ≥Ⅱ) were divided into perforation and non-perforation groups. All infants were examined by abdominal X-ray in the erect and supine positions. The sensitivity and specificity of specific X-ray signs were analyzed.ResultsA total of 598 infants were included, 113 of whom suffered from perforation. On the supine abdominal films, lucency over the liver shadow, the liver falciform ligament sign, the football sign, the Rigler sign, the triangle sign and more than any one of the above signs had sensitivities of 64.60%, 45.13%, 37.17%, 30.97%, 15.93% and 86.73%, respectively. None of these signs were found on erect or supine abdominal films in the non-perforation group. The total of accuracy of prediction was 46.76%, and the specificity of all the signs was 100%.ConclusionSpecific signs on supine abdominal X-ray could be used to confirm perforation in neonates with NEC with 86.73% sensitivity and 100% specificity.

scholarly journals Head and neck osteosarcoma: CT and MR imaging features

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 20190202
Author(s):  
Zhendong Luo ◽  
Weiguo Chen ◽  
Xinping Shen ◽  
Genggeng Qin ◽  
Jianxiang Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Matrix Mineralization ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Signal Intensities ◽  
Ct And Mri

Objective: This study aims to assess the CT and MRI features of head and neck osteosarcoma (HNO). Methods: 37 HNOs were identified, and the following imaging characteristics were reviewed on CT and MRI. Results: A total of 37 patients(age 41.5 ± 15.0 years old; 16 males, 21 females) were included in the study. Tumours occurred in the maxilla (16, 43.2%), mandible (8, 21.6%), skull base (6, 16.2%), calvarium (5, 13.5%), paranasal sinuses (1, 2.7%) and cervical soft tissue (1, 2.7%). 16 patients received radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Three patients (8.1%) developed osteosarcomas related to a primary bone disease. 16 of the (43.2%) tumours demonstrated lytic density on CT scans, followed by 13 (35.1%) showing mixed density and 7 (18.9%) with sclerotic density. Matrix mineralization was present in 32 (86.5%). 3 out of 24 (12.5%) tumours showed lamellar periosteal reactions, 21 out of 24 (87.5%) showed spiculated periosteal reactions. 12 tumours showed low signal intensities on T1WI, with 16 having heterogeneous signal intensities. 10 tumours showed high signal intensities on T2WI, and 18 showed heterogeneous signal intensities. With contrast-enhanced images, 3 tumours showed homogeneous enhancement (2 osteoblastic and 1 giant cell-rich), 18 tumours showed heterogeneous enhancement (13 osteoblastic, 4 fibroblastic and 1 giant cell-rich), and 7 tumours showed peripheral enhancement (6 chondroblastic and 1 osteoblastic). These tumours were characterized by soft tissue masses with a diameter of 5.6 ± 1.8 cm. Conclusions: HNO is a rare condition and is commonly associated with previous radiation exposure. This study provides age, sex distribution, location, CT and MRI features of HNO.

scholarly journals The occurrence rate and clinical application of Osteo-line on the femur neck

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingchen Zou ◽  
Haotian Wu ◽  
Shuangquan Yao ◽  
Dong Ren ◽  
Song Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Application ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Third ◽  
Femur Neck ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background This study was done to observe the incidence of Osteo-line on the femur neck and to explore the clinical application of Osteo-line in osteotomy. Methods Eighty-nine adult femur specimens were selected to observe the incidence of Osteo-line on the femur neck. From August 2015 to January 2019, a total of 278 patients who completed unilateral hip arthroplasty at the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University were retrospectively included. Patients who accepted osteotomy via Osteo-line on the femur neck were defined as the experimental group (n = 139), and patients who accepted osteotomy via traditional method (The femoral distance 1.5 cm above the trochanter was retained for osteotomy by visual inspection.) were defined as the control group (n = 139). According to the postoperative pelvic X-ray, Photoshop was used to evaluate the leg length discrepancy (LLD) by the CFR-T-LT method. Results Among the 89 specimens, the incidence of anterior Osteo-line was 75.28%, and the incidence of posterior Osteo-line was 100%. According to the clinical application results, the incidence of anterior Osteo-line on the femur neck was 80%, and the incidence of posterior Osteo-line was 100%. The Osteo-line was clearer than those on the femoral specimens. Twenty-six cases had LLD greater than 1 cm (9.29%), including 2 cases in the experimental group and 24 cases in the control group. The average postoperative LLD in the experimental group (0.19 ± 0.38 mm) was significantly shorter than in the control group (0.54 ± 0.51 mm)(P = 0.005). Conclusion The incidence of Osteo-line on the femur neck was high, and patients who accepted osteotomy via Osteo-line on the femur neck can achieve shorter postoperative LLD than the control group.

An investigation of the imaging characteristics of the Y2O2S:Eu3+ phosphor for application in X-ray detectors of Digital Mammography

1998 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 931-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Cavouras ◽  
I. Kandarakis ◽  
G.S. Panayiotakis ◽  
E. Kanellopoulos ◽  
D. Triantis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Mammography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Imaging Characteristics

Hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic Rathke cleft cysts mimicking pituitary apoplexy

2008 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandy J. Binning ◽  
James K. Liu ◽  
John Gannon ◽  
Anne G. Osborn ◽  
William T. Couldwell
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Pituitary Tumor ◽  
Pituitary Apoplexy ◽  
Pituitary Tumors ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Acute Hemorrhage ◽  
Consistent Finding ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Intracystic Hemorrhage

Object Rathke cleft cysts (RCCs) are infrequently symptomatic, and apoplexy is one of the most unusual presentations. Only a few cases of apoplexy associated with RCCs have been reported, and their clinical, imaging, surgical, and pathological features are poorly understood. In the cases that have been reported, intracystic hemorrhage has been a consistent finding. The authors report 6 cases of RCCs in which the presenting clinical and imaging features indicated pituitary apoplexy, both with and without intracystic hemorrhage. Methods The authors retrospectively reviewed charts and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies obtained in patients who underwent transsphenoidal surgery for RCC. Six patients were identified who presented with symptoms and MR imaging characteristics consistent with pituitary apoplexy but were found intraoperatively to have an RCC. All 6 patients presented with a sudden headache, 2 with visual loss, and 1 with diplopia. Review of the preoperative MR images demonstrated mixed signal intensities in the sellar masses suggestive of a hemorrhagic pituitary tumor. In all patients there was a presumed clinical diagnosis of pituitary tumor apoplexy and an imaging-documented diagnosis of hemorrhagic pituitary tumor. Results All 6 patients underwent transsphenoidal resection to treat the suspected pituitary apoplexy. Intraoperative and histopathological findings were consistent with the diagnosis of an RCC in all cases. Only 2 cases showed evidence of hemorrhage intraoperatively. In all cases, an intracystic nodule was found within the RCC at surgery, and this intracystic nodule was present on the initial MR imaging when retrospectively reviewed. The imaging characteristics of the intracystic nodules were similar to those of acute hemorrhage seen in cases of pituitary apoplexy. Conclusions The clinical and imaging features of RCCs appear similar to those of hemorrhagic pituitary tumors, making them often indistinguishable from pituitary apoplexy.

scholarly journals When the position of a stent is incorrect

2013 ◽  
pp. 53-54
Author(s):  
P. Zoboli ◽  
L. Cottafavi ◽  
G. Desimoni ◽  
F. Boni ◽  
G. Chesi
Keyword(s):  
Iliac Artery ◽  
Intestinal Perforation ◽  
Biliary Stent ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Life Threatening Complication

Gut perforation, secondary to the insertion of a biliary stent, is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening complication. The authors present the case of a patient with biliary stent dislocation and intestinal perforation. The diagnosis was suspected on the description on direct abdomen X-ray of a stent inserted in a right iliac artery.

The effects of photon flux on energy spectra and imaging characteristics in a photon-counting x-ray detector

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (14) ◽  
pp. 4865-4879 ◽  
Author(s):  
H-M Cho ◽  
H-J Kim ◽  
Y-N Choi ◽  
S-W Lee ◽  
H-J Ryu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photon Counting ◽  
Energy Spectra ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Imaging Characteristics

scholarly journals A study on the imaging characteristics of Gold nanoparticles as a contrast agent in X-ray computed tomography

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asghar Mesbahi ◽  
Fatemeh Famouri ◽  
Mohammad Johari Ahar ◽  
Maryam Olade Ghaffari ◽  
Seyed Mostafa Ghavami
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Hounsfield Unit ◽  
Ct Number ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Tube Potential ◽  
X Ray Computed

AbstractAim: In the current study, some imaging characteristics of AuNPs were quantitatively analyzed and compared with two conventional contrast media (CM) including Iodine and Gadolinium by using of a cylindrical phantom.Methods: AuNPs were synthesized with the mean diameter of 16 nm and were equalized to the concentration of 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 mg/mL in the same volumes. A cylindrical phantom resembling the head and neck was fabricated and drilled to contain small tubes filled with Iodine, Gadolinium, and AuNPs as contrast media. The phantom was scanned in different exposure techniques and CT numbers of three studied contrast media inside test tubes were measured in terms of Hounsfield Unit (HU). The imaging parameters of the noise and contrast to noise ratios (CNR) were calculated for all studied CMs.Results: AuNPs showed 128% and 166% higher CT number in comparison with Iodine and Gadolinium respectively. Also, Iodine had a greater CT number than Gadolinium for the same exposure techniques and concentration. The maximum CT number for AuNPs and studied contrast materials was obtained at the highest mAs and the lowest tube potential. The maximum CT number were 1033±11 (HU) for AuNP, 565±10 (HU) for Iodine, 458±11 for Gadolinium. Moreover, the maximum CNRs of 433±117, 203±53, 145±37 were found for AuNPs, Iodine and Gadolinium respectively.Conclusion: The contrast agent based on AuNPs showed higher imaging quality in terms of contrast and noise relative to other iodine and gadolinium based contrast media in X-ray computed tomography. Application of the AuNPs as a contrast medium in x-ray CT is recommended.

scholarly journals Clinical and imaging characteristics of primary hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma and sarcoma: a comparative study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongli Shi ◽  
Jun Sun ◽  
Liang Ma ◽  
Jing Chang ◽  
Hongjun Li
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Sarcomatoid Carcinoma ◽  
Arterial Phase ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Cystic Masses ◽  
Mass Lesions ◽  
Univariate Analyses

Abstract Background：Primary hepatic sarcomatous carcinoma (PHSC) and primary hepatic sarcoma (PHS) are rare malignancies with frequent overlap in both the clinic and radiology. No comparative study of these tumors for the restricted cases has previously been undertaken. The purpose of our study was to analyze the clinical and imaging features of PHSCs and PHSs, with an emphasis on particularities and similarities through a comparison of the two tumors.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and imaging features of 39 patients with pathologically proven PHSCs (n=23) and PHSs (n=16) from four university centers over a 9-year period from 2010-2019. Univariate analyses were performed to determine the consistent and distinctive features. Results：The background of chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis was observed with a high frequency in both of PHSCs (73.7%) and PHSs (62.5%). Tumors with a diameter greater than 10cm were significantly more common in PHSs than PHSCs (p=0.043) and cystic masses were more detected in PHSs (P=0.041). Both PHSCs and PHSs mainly presented hypovascularity (78.3% vs 81.3%). The ring hyper enhancement on the arterial phase (AP) and wash out were more frequently seen in PHSCs and the iso-hypo enhancement on the AP followed persistent or progressive enhancement was more commonly detected in PHSs (all, p<0.05). Conclusion：PHSC and PHS generally present as mass lesions with hypovascularity. The ring hyper enhancement on the AP and wash out favor the diagnosis of PHSC. The large size greater than 10cm, cystic lesion, iso-hypo persistent or progressive enhancement pattern might suggest the possibility of PHSs.

scholarly journals Pilomatrixoma, a Rare Mimicker of Male Breast Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Aurela Clark ◽  
Rebecca Leddy ◽  
Laura Spruill ◽  
Abbie Cluver
Keyword(s):  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Male Breast ◽  
Skin Tumor ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Histologic Diagnosis ◽  
Outer Quadrant ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Suspicious Feature

Pilomatrixoma or calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe is a benign skin tumor arising from the hair follicle; breast occurrence is considered a rarity. Clinically presenting as a palpable abnormality and with both benign and malignant mammographic and sonographic features, it can be easily misdiagnosed as a breast neoplasm. We report a very rare case of pilomatrixoma of the male breast in a 36-year-old male presenting with a firm, superficial nodule in the upper outer quadrant. Though the sonographic trifecta of imaging features (shape- margins-orientation/oval, circumscribed mass, parallel to the skin) is consistent with a benign lesion, a histologic diagnosis was warranted based on its most suspicious feature of internal pleomorphic calcifications. Pathologic diagnosis revealed the uncommon benign entity of pilomatrixoma in the male breast. Our patient was recommended for surgical excision based on current literature recommendations for management in most reports of pilomatrixoma. One alternative recommendation presented in a single report of pilomatrixoma in the breast supported follow-up imaging based on benign imaging characteristics.

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