Allometric scaling of peak oxygen uptake in male roller hockey players under 17 years old

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 390-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Valente-dos-Santos ◽  
Lauren Sherar ◽  
Manuel J. Coelho-e-Silva ◽  
João R. Pereira ◽  
Vasco Vaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Model Combining ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Size Descriptor

Peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) is routinely expressed in litres per minute and by unit of body mass (mL·kg−1·min−1) despite the theoretical and statistical limitations of using ratios. Allometric modeling is an effective approach for partitioning body-size effects in a performance variable. The current study examined the relationships among chronological age (CA), skeletal age (SA), total body and appendicular size descriptors, and V̇O2peakin male adolescent roller hockey players. Seventy-three Portuguese, highly trained male athletes (CA, 15.4 ± 0.6 years; SA, 16.4 ± 1.5 years; stature, 169.9 ± 6.9 cm; body mass, 63.7 ± 10.7 kg; thigh volume, 4.8 ± 1.0 L) performed an incremental maximal test on a motorized treadmill. Exponents for body size descriptors were 2.15 for stature (R2= 0.30, p < 0.01) and 0.55 for thigh volume (R2= 0.46, p < 0.01). The combination of stature or thigh volume and CA or SA, and CA2or SA2, increased the explained variance in V̇O2peak(R2ranged from 0.30 to 0.55). The findings of the allometric model combining more than 1 body size descriptor (i.e., stature and thigh volume) in addition to SA and CA2were not significant. Results suggest that thigh volume and SA are the main contributors to interindividual variability in aerobic fitness.

scholarly journals Peak Oxygen Uptake Responses to Training in Obese Adolescents: A Multilevel Allometric Framework to Partition the Influence of Body Size and Maturity Status

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Humberto M. Carvalho ◽  
Gerusa E. Milano ◽  
Wendell A. Lopes ◽  
António J. Figueiredo ◽  
Rosana B. Radominski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Positive Effect

The influence of body size and maturation on the responses in peak oxygen uptake (VO2) to a 12-week aerobic training and nutritional intervention in obese boys (; 10–16 years) was examined using multilevel allometric regressions. Anthropometry, sexual maturity status, peak VO2, and body composition were measured pre- and postintervention. Significant decrements for body mass, body mass indexz-score, and waist circumference and increments for stature, fat-free mass, and peak oxygen uptake were observed after intervention. Partitioning body size on peak VO2, the responses of the individuals to training were positive (11.8% to 12.7% for body mass; 7.6% to 8.1% for fat-free mass). Body mass and fat-free mass were found as significant explanatory variables, with an additional positive effect for chronological. The allometric coefficients () in the initial models were and for body mass and fat-free mass, respectively. The coefficients decreased when age was considered ( for body mass; for fat-free mass). Including maturity indicator in the models was not significant, thus the influence of variability in sexual maturity status in responses to exercise-based intervention in peak VO2may be mediated by the changes in body dimensions.

Abstract P249: Determinants of Descending Aortic Dimensions in a Multi-Ethnic Population: The Dallas Heart Study

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
David A Guel ◽  
Matthias Peltz ◽  
Amit Khera ◽  
Donald D McIntire ◽  
Ronald M Peshock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Aortic Diameter ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Aortic Size ◽  
Aortic Dimensions

Introduction: Accurate description of normal aortic size is fundamental to our ability to define aortic aneurysms. However, current definitions of normal aortic dimensions are based on small population samples with limited data on other variables. This study used data from a large unselected community population to define normal aortic dimensions and to examine relationships between aortic size and demographic and anthropometric variables. Methods: Data came from a validated multiethnic urban population sample. Adults (age 18 – 65) underwent collection of demographic and medical history data. A subset of participants (n=2643) underwent gated aortic MRI to measure descending aortic diameter at the level of the pulmonary artery bifurcation. Age, gender, ethnicity (white, black, Hispanic or other) and multiple indices of body size and composition were collected or calculated from available data (body mass index [BMI], body surface area [BSA]). Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to calculate total body fat mass and lean body mass. A univariate analysis was performed relating descending aortic diameter to each variable. A stepwise variable selection using a p-value criteria of 0.15 for entry and removal was used to identify variables independently associated with aortic size. Results: By univariate analysis, increased aortic size was associated with increased age, male gender, black ethnicity, and greater height, weight, waist and hip circumference, BMI, BSA , total body fat mass and total body lean mass. By multivariable analysis, age, lean body mass, ethnicity, gender, waist circumference, and hip circumference emerged as significant determinants of descending aortic diameter (see Table). Conclusions: The diameter of the descending aorta appears to increase with age and is larger in certain ethnic groups and in subjects with greater indices of body size. Definitions of normal values for descending aortic dimensions may need to consider these factors.

scholarly journals Influence of sex-specific concurrent changes in age, maturity status, and morphological covariates on the development of peak ventilatory variables in 10–17-year-olds

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Armstrong ◽  
Jo Welsman
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Explanatory Variable ◽  
Multilevel Modelling ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Allometric Models ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Temporal Spacing

Abstract Purposes (i) To investigate the influence of concurrent changes in age, maturity status, stature, body mass, and skinfold thicknesses on the development of peak ventilatory variables in 10–17-year-olds; and, (ii) to evaluate the interpretation of paediatric norm tables of peak ventilatory variables. Methods Multiplicative multilevel modelling which allows both the number of observations per individual and the temporal spacing of the observations to vary was used to analyze the expired ventilation (peak $${\dot{\mathrm{V}}}_{\mathrm{E}}$$ V ˙ E ) and tidal volume (peak VT) at peak oxygen uptake of 420 (217 boys) 10–17-year-olds. Models were founded on 1053 (550 from boys) determinations of peak ventilatory variables supported by anthropometric measures and maturity status. Results In sex-specific, multiplicative allometric models, concurrent changes in body mass and skinfold thicknesses (as a surrogate of FFM) and age were significant (p < 0.05) explanatory variables of the development of peak $${\dot{\mathrm{V}}}_{\mathrm{E}}$$ V ˙ E , once these covariates had been controlled for stature had no additional, significant (p > 0.05) effect on peak $${\dot{\mathrm{V}}}_{\mathrm{E}}$$ V ˙ E . Concurrent changes in age, stature, body mass, and skinfold thicknesses were significant (p < 0.05) explanatory variables of the development of peak VT. Maturity status had no additional, significant (p > 0.05) effect on either peak $${\dot{\mathrm{V}}}_{\mathrm{E}}$$ V ˙ E or peak VT once age and morphological covariates had been controlled for. Conclusions Elucidation of the sex-specific development of peak $${\dot{\mathrm{V}}}_{\mathrm{E}}$$ V ˙ E requires studies which address concurrent changes in body mass, skinfold thicknesses, and age. Stature is an additional explanatory variable in the development of peak VT, in both sexes. Paediatric norms based solely on age or stature or body mass are untenable.

Prediction of VO2peak from the 20-m Shuttle-Run Test in Youth With Down Syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stamatis Agiovlasitis ◽  
Kenneth H. Pitetti ◽  
Myriam Guerra ◽  
Bo Fernhall
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Run Test ◽  
Shuttle Run

This study examined whether 20-m shuttle-run performance, sex, body mass index (BMI), age, height, and weight are associated with peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) in youth with Down syndrome (DS; n = 53; 25 women, age 8–20 years) and whether these variables can be used to develop an equation to predict VO2peak. BMI, 20-m shuttle-run performance, and sex were significantly associated with VO2peak in youth with DS, whereas age, height, and weight were not. A regression model included only shuttle-run performance as a significant predictor of VO2peak; however, the developed prediction equation had low individual predictability. Therefore, 20-m shuttle-run performance alone does not provide valid prediction of VO2peak in youth with DS. Sex, BMI, age, height, and weight do not improve the prediction of VO2peak.

Lean Body Mass, Not Total Body Size, is a Stronger Determinant of Total Body Bone Mass in Boys

Bone ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. S80
Author(s):  
Tom Sanchez ◽  
Jingmei Wang ◽  
Chad Dudzek ◽  
George Ekker ◽  
Kathy Dudzek
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Body Bone

Effect of Body Size on Treadmill Economy in Female Adolescents and Adults

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-310
Author(s):  
Colleen M. Grossner ◽  
Emily M. Johnson ◽  
Marco E. Cabrera
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Stride Frequency ◽  
Oxygen Cost ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Cost Differences ◽  
Main Factor

Differences in oxygen uptake (VO2) relative to body mass between children and adults walking or running at a given speed might be the result of body size differences. In order to determine whether body size is the main factor affecting these differences in VO2 per kg, we investigated treadmill economy in 10 female adolescents (girls) and 10 women who were matched for body size. There were no significant differences between groups in anthropometrics, stride frequency, or VO2peak. Mean mass-specific VO2 was not significantly different during walking (girls: 12.3 ± 1.7 ml·kg-1·min-1; women: 10.9 ± 1.4 ml·kg-1·min-1) or running (girls: 30.5 ± 3.5 ml·kg-1·min-1; women: 29.0 ± 2.0 ml·kg-1·min-1). Body size appears to have the largest effect on oxygen cost differences usually seen between girls and women during locomotion.

scholarly journals Internal Proportions of The Body Composition in Members of the Female National Tennis Team of Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (73) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Jagiello ◽  
Wladislaw Jagiello
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
National Team ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Body

Contemporary anthropological research confirms the fact that body composition is one of the basic elements differentiating athletes from persons not practising sport. Among athletes representing various branches of sport there are also significant differences in their body composition. Internal proportions of the body composition of an athlete, or a selected group of athletes, is an especially important yet little researched issue of sports anthropology. This problem is still topical in sports games, especially in tennis. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine internal proportions of the body composition of female tennis players from the Polish national team in comparison to persons who do not practice sport professionally. The study involved female athletes of the Polish national tennis team (n = 10). The study was carried out in a training camp from 28 September to 9 October 2002 in Zakopane — Centre of Sports Preparation. Athletes’ age was 16—20 (18.1 ± 1.4) years, and the training experience 8—12 years (10.5 ± 1.8). The mean body height for the group members was 171.9 ± 6.7 cm and the mean body mass 59.7 ± 6.3 kg. The results of research by Piechaczek et al. (1996) constituted the reference point for the results of measurements of Polish tennis representatives. The authors studied 153 female students of Warsaw Technical University aged 20.2 ± 1.09 years. They were randomly chosen students of the first and the second year of various departments at this university. The mean body height of the students was 166.2 ± 6.2 cm and the mean body mass 57.4 ± 7.72 kg. Anthropometric measurements were taken using standard instruments (Drozdowski, 1998). The analysis involved 11 somatic features which determined three so-called factors of body composition: length (m1), stoutness (m2) and obesity (m3). The assessment of proportions of the body composition was made by means of Perkal’s natural indices (1953) with Milicerowa’s modifications (1956). We determined the following: composition factors (m), index of total body size (M), internal proportions of the body composition, evenness of composition, the code of internal proportions; also the assessment of internal proportions of the body composition within each of the factors.Taking into consideration the mean values of the studied somatic features in the control group and the comparative group we found differences in their body composition. The representatives of the Polish national tennis team showed substantially longer upper and lower limbs, and the body height was greater. They also had much greater forearm perimeter and shorter pelvic width. As to the total body size, the tennis players slightly exceeded the students (M = 0.24). The total body size (M) resulted from high values of length features (m1 = 1.01), low ones of stoutness (m2 = –0.39) and medium ones of obesity (m3 = 0.1). The value of the intragroup variability index (harmony of composition) amounted to 1.4 and the code of internal proportions of tennis players’ body composition — to 6—2—4. The proportions of internal features of the stoutness index (natural indices of features within a factor) showed the advantage of the forearm perimeter (1.62) and elbow width (0.36). The knee width (–1.30) and pelvic width (–0.60) were disproportionate to the total value of this factor. The input of features characterizing the length factor was relatively proportional.Keywords: tennis, training, body composition, internal proportions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document