Inheritance of minor reaction gene combinations in wheat to Puccinia striiformis at two temperature profiles

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Lewellen ◽  
E. L. Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Infection Type ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Additive Interaction ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Two Temperature ◽  
Dominant Genes

The inheritance of resistance of Rego and P. I. 178383 wheat varieties to a specific pathogenic type of Puccinia striiformis, stripe rust, was investigated at two temperature profiles, 2 C night / 18 C day and 15 C night / 24 C day. Mean infection type on Rego was a 0 at 2/18 and a 3− at 15/24. Two complementary dominant genes conferred about a 3− reaction at both profiles. In addition, one or more recessive temperature-sensitive genes contributed to the greater level of resistance of Rego at the lower temperature profile. P. I.178383 has one major gene conditioning rust resistance and an undetermined number of minor genes that express greater resistance at 15/24 than at 2/18. In combination with the Rego factors, there is an additive interaction at both temperature profiles for greater resistance.

MAJOR AND MINOR GENES IN WHEAT FOR RESISTANCE TO PUCCINIA STRIIFORMIS AND THEIR RESPONSES TO TEMPERATURE CHANGES

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 2155-2172 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Lewellen ◽  
E. L. Sharp ◽  
E. R. Hehn
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Profile ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Major Genes ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Minor Genes ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Moderate Resistance

The wheat varieties, 'P.I. 178383' and 'Chinese 166' (Triticum aestivum), were each found to carry an incompletely dominant major gene for resistance to a single pathogenic type of Puccinia striiformis. In addition, an undetermined number of minor genes segregated in such a way that in certain combinations they conferred moderate resistance and modified the action of the major genes. The rust readings were made on seedling plants grown in strictly controlled-environment chambers that simulated natural conditions. The action of the major genes was not affected by different temperature profiles, but the minor genes gave better resistance at a higher temperature profile than at a lower temperature profile.

scholarly journals Identification of temperature sensitive resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in wheat differential hosts and its potential applications in resistance breeding

2019 ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
ING FENG ◽  
HAITING ZENG ◽  
FENGTAO WANG ◽  
RUIMING LIN
Keyword(s):  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Infection Type ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Differential Hosts ◽  
Two Temperature

Temperature affects wheat resistance responses infected by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst). In order to identify if thirty-one entries of Chinese, international and other tester wheat cultivars possess temperature sensitive resistance, the entries were studied in seedling stage at two different day/night temperature regimes (24/18°C and 14/10°C). Four entries, Lutescens 128, Funo, Lee and Carstens V, were confirmed no temperature sensitive resistance genes. Six wheat cultivars, Early Piemium, Fengchan 3, Fulhard, Heines VII, Mentana and Virgilio, have shown temperature sensitive resistance. Comparison with four standard lines (S110, S111, S112, S113) with 0-3 temperature sensitive genes, derived from crosses of Itana/PI 178383, the resistance to Pst race 10E162 in Virgilio controlled by two temperature sensitive genes, and Mentana and Fulhard each possessed one temperature sensitive gene. Virgilio, Fulhard and Mentana as the temperature sensitive gene resources are useful in breeding for resistance to stripe rust. As the differential hosts of wheat stripe rust, it is necessary to strictly control the temperature without exceeding 18°C, since infection type may differ due to the different temperature. Keywords: Differential hosts; Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici; Temperature sensitive resistance; Wheat

scholarly journals Study of Inheritance and Linkage of Virulence Genes in a Selfing Population of a Pakistani Dominant Race of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajid Mehmood ◽  
Marina Sajid ◽  
Syed Kamil Husnain ◽  
Jie Zhao ◽  
Lili Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Parental Isolate ◽  
The One ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Simple Sequence ◽  
Dominant Genes

Wheat stripe rust is a severe threat of almost all wheat-growing regions in the world. Being an obligate biotrophic fungus, Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (PST) produces new virulent races that break the resistance of wheat varieties. In this study, 115 progeny isolates were generated through sexual reproduction on susceptible Himalayan Berberis pseudumbellata using a dominant Pakistani race (574232) of PST. The parental isolate and progeny isolates were characterized using 24 wheat Yr single-gene lines and ten simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. From the one-hundred-and-fifteen progeny isolates, 25 virulence phenotypes (VPs) and 60 multilocus genotypes were identified. The parental and all progeny isolates were avirulent to Yr5, Yr10, Yr15, Yr24, Yr32, Yr43, YrSp, YrTr1, YrExp2, Yr26, and YrTye and virulent to Yr1, Yr2, Yr6, Yr7, Yr8, Yr9, Yr17, Yr25, Yr27, Yr28, YrA, Yr44, and Yr3. Based on the avirulence/virulence phenotypes, we found that VPs virulent to Yr1, Yr2, Yr9, Yr17, Yr47, and YrA were controlled by one dominant gene; those to YrSp, YrTr1, and Yr10 by two dominant genes; and those to YrExp2 by two complementary dominant genes. The results are useful in breeding stripe rust-resistant wheat varieties and understanding virulence diversity.

scholarly journals Modelling tree ring cellulose <i>δ</i><sup>18</sup>O variations in two temperature-sensitive tree species from North and South America

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1515-1526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliénor Lavergne ◽  
Fabio Gennaretti ◽  
Camille Risi ◽  
Valérie Daux ◽  
Etienne Boucher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Isotopic Fractionation ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Nothofagus Pumilio ◽  
Climate Signal ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South ◽  
Two Temperature

Abstract. Oxygen isotopes in tree rings (δ18OTR) are widely used to reconstruct past climates. However, the complexity of climatic and biological processes controlling isotopic fractionation is not yet fully understood. Here, we use the MAIDENiso model to decipher the variability in δ18OTR of two temperature-sensitive species of relevant palaeoclimatological interest (Picea mariana and Nothofagus pumilio) and growing at cold high latitudes in North and South America. In this first modelling study on δ18OTR values in both northeastern Canada (53.86° N) and western Argentina (41.10° S), we specifically aim at (1) evaluating the predictive skill of MAIDENiso to simulate δ18OTR values, (2) identifying the physical processes controlling δ18OTR by mechanistic modelling and (3) defining the origin of the temperature signal recorded in the two species. Although the linear regression models used here to predict daily δ18O of precipitation (δ18OP) may need to be improved in the future, the resulting daily δ18OP values adequately reproduce observed (from weather stations) and simulated (by global circulation model) δ18OP series. The δ18OTR values of the two species are correctly simulated using the δ18OP estimation as MAIDENiso input, although some offset in mean δ18OTR levels is observed for the South American site. For both species, the variability in δ18OTR series is primarily linked to the effect of temperature on isotopic enrichment of the leaf water. We show that MAIDENiso is a powerful tool for investigating isotopic fractionation processes but that the lack of a denser isotope-enabled monitoring network recording oxygen fractionation in the soil–vegetation–atmosphere compartments limits our capacity to decipher the processes at play. This study proves that the eco-physiological modelling of δ18OTR values is necessary to interpret the recorded climate signal more reliably.

scholarly journals Inheritance and Molecular Mapping of Barley Genes Conferring Resistance to Wheat Stripe Rust

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 884-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vihanga Pahalawatta ◽  
Xianming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Microsatellite Marker ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Molecular Mapping ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Infection Type ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Wheat Stripe Rust ◽  
Rust Pathogen ◽  
Type Data

Most barley cultivars are resistant to stripe rust of wheat that is caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. The barley cv. Steptoe is susceptible to all identified races of P. striiformis f. sp. hordei (PSH), the barley stripe rust pathogen, but is resistant to most P. striiformis f. sp. tritici races. To determine inheritance of the Steptoe resistance to P. striiformis f. sp. tritici, a cross was made between Steptoe and Russell, a barley cultivar susceptible to some P. striiformis f. sp. tritici races and all tested P. striiformis f. sp. hordei races. Seedlings of parents and F1, BC1, F2, and F3 progeny from the barley cross were tested with P. striiformis f. sp. tritici races PST-41 and PST-45 under controlled greenhouse conditions. Genetic analyses of infection type data showed that Steptoe had one dominant gene and one recessive gene (provisionally designated as RpstS1 and rpstS2, respectively) for resistance to races PST-41 and PST-45. Genomic DNA was extracted from the parents and 150 F2 plants that were tested for rust reaction and grown for seed of F3 lines. The infection type data and polymorphic markers identified using the resistance gene analog polymorphism (RGAP) technique were analyzed with the Mapmaker computer program to map the resistance genes. The dominant resistance gene in Steptoe for resistance to P. striiformis f. sp. tritici races was mapped on barley chromosome 4H using a linked microsatellite marker, HVM68. A linkage group for the dominant gene was constructed with 12 RGAP markers and the microsatellite marker. The results show that resistance in barley to the wheat stripe rust pathogen is qualitatively inherited. These genes might provide useful resistance against wheat stripe rust when introgressed into wheat from barley.

scholarly journals The determination of the resistance inheritance against common bunt in wheat and half-diallel hybrids

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 254-260
Author(s):  
Gülçin Akgören Palabiyik ◽  
İsmail Poyraz ◽  
Ahmet Umay
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Complete Dominance ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Half Diallel ◽  
Dominant Genes

This study was conducted to determine the inheritance of common bunt resistance in twelve bread wheat varieties and their half-diallel hybrids in Turkey. The disease ratings were performed on the F2 generations of the hybrids in field conditions. The obtained data were analysed by the χ2 test to determine the effective gene numbers and inheritance type in the disease resistance. In addition, the data were evaluated according to the Jinks-Hayman diallel analyses. In conclusion, it was found that of the twelve wheat parents, four contained three resistance genes and four of them contain two resistance genes. The dominant genes were prominent in the population and complete dominance was present. Therefore, the selection for disease resistance should be delayed until the following generations.

Identification of the defects in the hemagglutinin gene of two temperature-sensitive mutants of A/WSN/33 influenza virus

Virology ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Setsuko Nakajima ◽  
Donald J. Brown ◽  
Masahiro Ueda ◽  
Katsuhisa Nakajima ◽  
Akira Sugiura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Temperature Sensitive Mutants ◽  
Hemagglutinin Gene ◽  
Two Temperature
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