Imbibitional chilling injury in cultivars of soybeans differing in temperature sensitivity to pod formation and maturation periods

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 2996-2998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winson Orr ◽  
A. I. De La Roche ◽  
J. Singh ◽  
H. Voldeng
Keyword(s):  
Water Uptake ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Filter Papers ◽  
Environmental Temperatures ◽  
Irreversible Injury

The occurrence and extent of chilling injury during imbibition of seeds from five cultivars and four lines of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr) were tested. Seeds were imbibed and incubated at 2 °C for up to 72 h on moist filter papers and their ability to germinate when returned to 25 °C was recorded. Early-maturing varieties with the ability to form pods and seeds at lower temperatures were most susceptible to irreversible injury during imbibitional chilling. Rate of water uptake during low-temperature imbibition was measured, and seeds which were most susceptible to imbibitional chilling also had the highest rate of water uptake. In controlled-environment studies, seeds from the same cultivars that were set at different temperatures showed corresponding differences in susceptibility to imbibitional chilling injury. These results suggest that environmental temperatures during seed set or pod formation can play a role in chilling tolerance during seed imbibition.

TOLERANCE OF EARLY-MATURING SOYBEAN CULTIVARS TO METRIBUZIN

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. FRIESEN ◽  
D. A. WALL
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Environment Chamber ◽  
Chamber Studies

McCall, Maple Presto, Maple Amber and OT80-3 soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivars were evaluated under field conditions for their response to metribuzin. Maple Amber was found to be less tolerant than the other cultivars. In controlled environment chamber studies, injury to this cultivar was more severe on a sandy loam soil than on a clay loam soil. Fall applications of metribuzin, alone or tank-mixed with trifluralin, were tolerant to Maple Amber soybeans and such applications may offer a practical alternative to spring treatments for broad spectrum weed control in the less tolerant soybean cultivars grown in Manitoba.Key words: Metribuzin, trifluralin, preplant incorporation, fall treatments, soybean cultivars

INFLUENCE OF SINGLE STRAINS AND A COMMERCIAL MIXTURE OF Bradyrhizobium japonicum ON GROWTH, NITROGEN ACCUMULATION AND NODULATION OF TWO EARLY-MATURING SOYBEAN CULTIVARS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. BAILEY
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Commercial Mixture ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Glycine Max L

Seven single strains and a commercial mixture of Bradyrhizobium japonicum were evaluated in association with two early-maturing Canadian soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) cultivars, Maple Presto and Maple Amber. Inoculated and uninoculated plants were grown in pails outdoors. Soil temperature at 15 cm depth was monitored throughout the experiment. At the V2, V3, R2 and R4 growth stages, whole plants were removed from the pails. Nodules were counted and weighed; roots and tops were separated, weighed and analyzed for total nitrogen. Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains 61A148, 61A196, 61A194 and 61A155 were similar in effectiveness, but superior to strains 61A124a, 61A118b, 61A101c and the commercial mixture in earliness of nodule formation, number and weight of nodules per plant, and in promoting greater root and top growth and plant nitrogen accumulation. There were indications that soil temperature may have affected nodulation. Maple Amber showed the greater potential for symbiotic nitrogen fixation. This cultivar supported earlier nodulation, had a greater number of nodules, accumulated more nitrogen in the tops and roots and had greater growth than Maple Presto.Key words: Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, soil temperature, soybean growth stages, Bradyrhizobium, nodulation

scholarly journals COLD-CONDITIONING TREATMENT REDUCES CHILLING INJURY IN MEXICAN LIMES (CITRUS AURANTIFOLIA S.) STORED AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
FERNANDO RIVERA ◽  
CLARA PELAYO-ZALDIVAR ◽  
FERNANDO DÍAZ DE LEÓN ◽  
BEATRIZ BUENTELLO ◽  
MANUEL CASTILLO-RIVERA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia ◽  
Conditioning Treatment ◽  
Different Temperatures

scholarly journals Storage of cut Heliconia bihai (L.) cv. Lobster Claw flowers at low temperatures

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 966-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreza S. Costa ◽  
Luis C. Nogueira ◽  
Venézio F. dos Santos ◽  
Terezinha R. Camara ◽  
Vivian Loges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Treatment Changes ◽  
Temperature Storage

The postharvest conservation of cut Heliconia flowers is an important factor to the success of commercialization, especially with regard to exportation. In the present study, the maximal storage time of cut inflorescences of Heliconia bihai cv. Lobster Claw at two different temperatures (12 and 19 °C) was evaluated and compared to laboratory conditions (25 °C, control treatment). Changes in visual quality, fresh weight and bract color (L*, a* and b*) were determined. The visual quality of the inflorescences and fresh weight decreased with time in all treatments. Symptoms of chilling injury were observed on the inflorescences stored at 12 °C for six and eight days. Bract color was not affected by temperature, storage time or the senescence process. The results indicate that a temperature of 12 °C is not recommended for a storage time longer than four days, whereas 19 °C can be used for a storage time of up to eight days for cut inflorescences of H. bihai cv. Lobster Claw.

Theoretical and Experimental Study of Viscoelastic Damper Based on Fractional Derivative Approach and Micromolecular Structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeshou Xu ◽  
Zhao-Dong Xu ◽  
Ying-Qing Guo ◽  
Teng Ge ◽  
Chao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Regular Polyhedron ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Viscoelastic Materials ◽  
Viscoelastic Damper ◽  
Viscoelastic Dampers ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Energy Dissipation Capacity ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

Viscoelastic dampers are one of the most popular earthquake mitigation devices for building structures with a large number of applications in civil engineering. The seismic performance of viscoelastic dampers is greatly affected by viscoelastic materials. The present paper addresses the theoretical and experimental studies of the viscoelastic damper. The regular polyhedron chain network models for viscoelastic materials are proposed based on the molecular chain network microstructures and the temperature–frequency equivalent principle. Several dynamic property tests for the viscoelastic damper at different temperatures, frequencies, and displacements are carried out, and the proposed models are verified by comparing the numerical and experimental results. The comparisons show that the viscoelastic damper has perfect energy dissipation capacity, and the regular polyhedron chain network models can well describe the mechanical properties of the viscoelastic damper at different environmental temperatures and excitation frequencies.

PRODUCTION PRACTICES FOR EARLY MATURING SOYBEANS IN SOUTHERN ALBERTA

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. DUBETZ ◽  
D. J. MAJOR ◽  
R. J. RENNIE
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Rhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Irrigation Requirements

Four experiments were conducted at two locations in southern Alberta, where no indigenous Rhizobium japonicum existed, to determine the effects of seeding dates, fertilizers, irrigation, and method of inoculant placement on the yield and quality of several early-maturing soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) cultivars. Highest yields were obtained when soybeans were seeded during the first half of May. Irrigation requirements varied between years but yields were similar whether soil moisture was depleted to the 6 × 104-Pa or the 3 × 104-Pa level before irrigating to field capacity. Soybean yields increased substantially from N fertilizer when the inoculant was applied to the seed without a sticker. When granular inoculant was banded with the seed there was no response to N, and the yields of inoculated plants were higher than those of plants that were uninoculated and received up to 160 kg N/ha. When properly inoculated, early-maturing cultivars such as King Grain strain X005 and Maple Presto were capable of maturing and producing seed of acceptable yield and quality in southern Alberta.Key words: Cultivars, fertilizer, irrigation, inoculant, Glycine max (L.) Merrill

OZONE AND SULPHUR DIOXIDE INTERACTION IN WHITE BEAN AND SOYBEAN

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 1193-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. HOFSTRA ◽  
D. P. ORMROD
Keyword(s):  
Sulphur Dioxide ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Leaf Injury ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
White Bean ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Soybean Leaves ◽  
Weight Data

White bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) plants were exposed to 15 pphm (v/v) ozone and/or 7.5, 15, 30, 45 or 60 pphm sulphur dioxide for 5 or 10 days in controlled environment facilities. Ozone-induced leaf injury consisted of bronze flecking on mature leaves of both species. Sulphur dioxide caused bifacial necrotic lesions on mature leaves of some white bean plants exposed to 60 pphm and had no effect on soybean leaves. The combined gases on white bean resulted in leaf injury symptoms consisting of yellow interveinal chlorosis which appeared several days later than did bronzing on corresponding leaves exposed to ozone alone. In soybean, characteristic ozone-induced lesions appeared on leaves of plants exposed to the combined gases but the onset of injury was several days later than in plants exposed only to ozone. Both injury ratings and plant weight data corresponded to the observed injury pattern.

scholarly journals Postharvest storage of three chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw.) varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-247
Author(s):  
Yeimy Ramírez-Rodas ◽  
Lourdes Arévalo-Galarza ◽  
Jorge Cadena-Iñiguez ◽  
Adriana Delgado-Alvarado ◽  
Lucero Ruiz-Posadas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Sechium Edule ◽  
Important Variety ◽  
Different Temperatures

The consumer demand for chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw.) fruits has increased in recent years, virens levis being the most important variety, although other chayote varieties are gaining importance such as nigrum xalapensis and n. spinosum. However, the postharvest behavior of these varieties is different, so it is important to evaluate the factors that limit the shelf life of each variety. Therefore, in this study, fruits of each variety from the Mexican National Germplasm Bank of Sechium edule were used. The following fruit quality variables were evaluated: weight loss, humidity (%), color, chlorophyll, titratable acidity, total soluble solids (TSS), total sugars, and stomatal characteristics. In addition, the storage potential of each variety was evaluated for two weeks at different temperatures, 7°, 13° (85% RH) and 24 °C (60% RH), with the application of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). The variables evaluated were viviparism, disease severity, weight loss, dehydration and chilling injury (CI). The fruits of n. xalapensis and n. spinosum have a higher content of chlorophylls and carotenoids, but similar contents of TSS, acidity and total sugars than v. levis fruits. The use of 1-MCP reduced viviparism in all varieties, and the severity of blisters was higher in v. levis. The fruits of the three varieties presented severe CI when stored at 7 °C but the most susceptible to dehydration and diseases severity is n. spinosum.

scholarly journals The Effect of Temperature on Leaf and Flower Development and Flower Longevity of Zygopetalum Redvale `Fire Kiss' Orchid

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1630-1634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto G. Lopez ◽  
Erik S. Runkle
Keyword(s):  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Flower Longevity ◽  
Open Flower ◽  
Leaf Unfolding ◽  
Expansion Time ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Plant Characteristics ◽  
Greenhouse Growers

The vegetatively propagated `Fire Kiss' clone of the hybrid Zygopetalum Redvale orchid has appealing potted-plant characteristics, including fragrant flowers that are waxy lime-green and dark maroon with a broad, three-lobed, magenta and white labellum. We performed experiments to quantify how temperature influenced leaf unfolding and expansion, time from visible inflorescence to flower, and longevity of individual flowers and inflorescences. Plants were grown in controlled-environment chambers with constant temperature set points of 14, 17, 20, 23, 26, and 29 °C and an irradiance of 150 μmol·m-2·s-1 for 9 h·d-1. As actual temperature increased from 14 to 25 °C, the time to produce one leaf decreased from 46 to 19 days. Individual plants were also transferred from a greenhouse to the chambers on the date that an inflorescence was first visible or the first flower of an inflorescence opened. Time from visible inflorescence to open flower decreased from 73 days at 14 °C to 30 days at 26 °C. As temperature increased from 14 to 29 °C, flower and inflorescence longevity decreased from 37 and 38 days to 13 and 15 days, respectively. Data were converted to rates, and thermal time models were developed to predict time to flower and senescence at different temperatures. The base temperature was estimated at 6.2 °C for leaf unfolding, 3.5 °C for time to flower, and 3.7 °C for flower longevity. These models could be used by greenhouse growers to more accurately schedule Zygopetalum flowering crops for particular market dates.

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