Taxonomic implications and evolutionary trends in pollen of Canadian Ericales

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 3113-3126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry G. Warner ◽  
C. C. Chinnappa
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Evolutionary Trends ◽  
Fungal Symbiont ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Taxonomic Implications ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Grains ◽  
Evolutionary Progression ◽  
Scanning Electron

The pollen of 61 of about 80 taxa of Ericales that occur in Canada are described through the use of light and scanning electron microscopy. Five main pollen types are recognized: (I) compact tetrads in which the individual grains are not clearly delimited when rolled and viewed in all positions, and possessing costae endopori or costae endocolpi, (II) tetrads in which the individual grains are clearly and consistently delimited, occasionally possessing costae endopori or costae endocolpi, (III) a category in which grains within the tetrad are not consistently delimited, and lack costae endopori or costae endocolpi, (IV) loose tetrads in which individual grains are poorly fused, and (V) monads. A key identifies general morphological distinctions among the pollen groups or species. This survey of the pollen morphology of the Ericales supports conventional taxonomic treatments. We favour treatment of Monotropaceae and Pyrolaceae as separate families and suggest the elevation of Orthila secunda to its own monotypic family. The Clethraceae and Orthila secunda may be better treated outside the Ericales. We propose that the tetrad pollen of most Ericales is a derived condition from the more primitive trizonocolporate monad of the Cyrillaceae, Clethraceae, and Orthila secunda. Subfamily Vaccinioideae (Ericaceae) and Empetraceae, through subfamily Rhododendroideae (Ericaceae), to Pyrola and Moneses (Pyrolaceae), and finally to Chimaphila (Pyrolaceae) represent the evolutionary progression based on a trend from compact tetrads to loose individual grains within the tetrad. Finally the most advanced group is represented by the zonoaperturate monads of the Monotropaceae. This evolutionary progression based on pollen morphology is in accord with general principles of tetrad formation during microsporogenesis and with evolutionary relationships suggested by the macromorphology, phytochemistry, embryology, and degree of dependence on a fungal symbiont.

scholarly journals Pollen morphology of Carapa species (Meliaceae) from the Brazilian Amazon

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-336
Author(s):  
Alexsandro ZIDKO ◽  
Luiz Antônio RODRIGUES ◽  
Cláudia Barbieri Ferreira MENDONÇA ◽  
Maria Lucia ABSY ◽  
Marcos Gonçalves FERREIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Polar View ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Microscopy Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carapa Guianensis ◽  
Equatorial Diameter ◽  
Taxonomic Implications ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The crabwood (Carapa) represents an important source of natural resources. The objective of this work was to study the pollen morphology of the three species of Carapa (Meliaceae) registered in the Brazilian Amazon. The pollen grains were obtained from floral buds, pistillate and staminate flowers of Carapa guianensis, C. surinamensis and C. vasquezii. In order to explore the taxonomic implications of the pollen study for these species of Carapa, lactic acetolysis method was used for light microscopy study. Furthermore, the non-acetolyzed material was used in the study of the scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the three Carapa species present little variations in pollen morphology. Compared to the other species this study, Carapa vasquezii has higher values for the length and width of endoaperture; however, it has lower values for polar and equatorial diameter, equatorial diameter in polar view and apocolpium side.

Pollen morphology in Dodartia, Lancea, Leucocarpus, and Mazus and an analysis of pollen morphotypes in the Mimuleae (Scrophulariaceae)

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1287-1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles L. Argue
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Taxonomic Implications

The pollen grains of Dodartia, Lancea, Leucocarpus, and Mazus are single, radially symmetrical, isopolar, and suboblate to prolate with trizoniaperturate ectocolpi; the colpus membranes show various patterns of transverse rupturing but most frequently have a single, equatorial rupture. The exine is composed of a semitectate sexine 2, a simplicolumellate sexine 1, and a frequently foveolate to perforate nexine, thinner than the sexine. Data from the present and earlier studies on the Mimuleae are analyzed statistically to establish a specific set of correlated morphological characters with discriminatory value in the definition and delimitation of major pollen types for the tribe. Interspecific and intergeneric palynological variation among tricolporate Mimuleae is assessed and taxonomic implications of the pollen data are discussed.

Pollen morphology of Pacific Northwestern Polemonium species in relation to paleoecology and taxonomy

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (21) ◽  
pp. 2428-2442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf W. Mathewes
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Taxonomic Treatment ◽  
Close Affinity ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Quaternary Paleoecology ◽  
Scanning Electron

Six morphological types of Polemonium pollen are described, including P. micranthum which is the only taxon considered to be consistently identifiable to species. A key to the pollen types as seen in light microscopy is presented along with light and scanning electron micrographs of each type. The palynological evidence supports the taxonomic treatment of P. uciitiflorum and P. occidentale as subspecies of P. caeruleum, and supports a close affinity between P. pectinatum and P. foliosissimum. Brief summaries of the present-day ecology and distribution of Pacific Northwestern Polemonium species are presented. The application of indicator pollen analysis in Quaternary paleoecology is discussed, with special references to examples of paleoenvironmen-tal inference using Polemonium pollen types.

scholarly journals Pollen morphology of Plantago species native to Poland and their taxonomic implications

2011 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Klimko ◽  
Krystyna Idzikowska ◽  
Mariola Truchan ◽  
Anna Kreft
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Prolate Spheroidal ◽  
Taxonomic Implications ◽  
Scanning Electron

Pollen grains of 9 species of the genus <em>Plantago</em> (Plantaginaceae), including 8 taxa native to Poland, were observed under a light microscope and a scanning electron microscope. Descriptions of grain sculpture are illustrated only SEM micrographs. The studied pollen grains were medium-sized or small, spherical or prolate spheroidal. Their sculpture was always verrucate with granulation. In the studied taxa, internal apertures had the form of pores. Their number ranged from (4)5-9(14). The pores were scattered on the surface of pollen grains. Identification features of individual taxa include: presence or absence of an annulus around each pore, annulus structure, ornamentation of the pollen grain and operculum, type of aperture membrane, number of internal pores, and pore diameter. We suggest that two new pollen grain types, characteristic of <em>P. intermedia</em> and <em>P. arenaria</em>, should be distinguished, and that <em>P. alpina</em> should be assigned to the <em>P. coronopus</em> type.

Pollen morphology of the Myrtaceae. Part 4: tribes Kanieae, Myrteae and Tristanieae

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew H. Thornhill ◽  
Geoff S. Hope ◽  
Lyn A. Craven ◽  
Michael D. Crisp
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Scanning Electron

Pollen morphology of 44 genera and 101 species from the Myrtaceae tribes Kanieae, Myrteae and Tristanieae was surveyed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM). Most Myrteae pollen were brevicolpate and granulate, which is unique within Myrtaceae, and these are most likely ancestral characters for this tribe. Two main pollen types were observed in tribe Kanieae, one form being with syncolpate colpi and a distinctive granulate exine, and the other with parasyncolpate colpi and a less ornamented exine. Genera Tristania and Thaleropia of tribe Tristanieae produce the smallest pollen in Myrtaceae, whereas Octamyrtus of tribe Myrteae produces the largest pollen observed in Myrtaceae.

Pollen morphology of selected species of Lentibulariaceae Rich. from Western Cuba based on light microscopy and its taxonomic implications

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 350 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
DASMILIÁ CRUZ ◽  
YOANNIS DOMÍNGUEZ ◽  
CRISTINA M. PANFET VALDÉS ◽  
VITOR F. O. MIRANDA ◽  
EDUARDO CUSTÓDIO GASPARINO
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Taxonomic Importance ◽  
Taxonomic Implications ◽  
First Time ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

We present here pollen morphology of 12 native taxa of Lentibulariaceae from Western Cuba with the aim of surveying pollen traits useful for species identification. Pollen grains were studied using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy to search for new characteristics to contribute to the taxonomy of Lentibulariaceae from western Cuba with the aim of increasing our understanding of pollen morphology. Pollen grains were acetolysed, measured, photographed, and described based on qualitative characteristics. Here we present statistical analyses and multivariate statistics for quantitative data. The pollen grains are medium-sized, isopolar, subprolate to prolate, circular, subcircular to quadrangular amb, zonaperturate, 3-colporate, 4(5)-colporate, (6–)7–18-colporate or porate, lalongate or lolongate endoaperture, or endocingulate in some species. They may also be psilate, psilate-perforate, microreticulate to rugulate exine, and sexine thicker than nexine. Endoaperture with fastigia was reported for Pinguicula ser. Albidae and Lentibulariaceae for the first time in this study. The Utricularia species studied were grouped into three pollen types on the basis of aperture and endoaperture characteristics and shape. Morphological variations observed showed intergeneric pollen diversity in Lentibulariaceae, corroborating the taxonomic importance of such characteristics at a family level.

scholarly journals Pollen morphology of the genus Oxytropis DC. in Turkey

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talip Ceter ◽  
Seher Karaman Erkul ◽  
Zeki Aytac ◽  
Birol Baser
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Polar Axis ◽  
Taxonomic Implications ◽  
Important Character ◽  
Sem Morphology ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Equatorial Section

Pollen morphology of 11 species of the genus Oxytropis DC. (Fabaceae) distributed in Turkey were examined with light (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Morphology of pollen grains shows isopolar, radially symmetric, tricolporate, prolate or subprolate, porus shape oblate or operculate and exine subtectate. The size varies with the polar axis from 19.52 - 33.31 ?m and the equatorial axis from 13.50 - 25.82 ?m. There are five ornamentation types: perforate at equatorial section and psilate at polar sections, microreticulate at equatorial sections and psilate at polar sections, microreticulate at equatorial sections and perforate at polar sections, microreticulate at both equatorial and polar sections and perforate at both equatorial and polar sections. Pollen aperture, shape and especially different ornamentation patterns at polar and equatorial section of pollen, as found in this study, appear to be important character. The findings of this study indicate the taxonomic implications of pollen morphology in understanding the similarity and relationships in the genus Oxytropis. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v42i1.15908 Bangladesh J. Bot. 42(1): 167-174, 2013 (June)

Pollen morphology of some Paronychia species (Caryophyllaceae) from Turkey

Biologia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşe Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Pollen Size ◽  
Pollen Type ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Exine Sculpturing ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe Pollen morphology of 13 taxa 11 of which are endemics belonging to Paronychia Miller (Caryophyllaceae) viz., P. agryloba, P. angorensis, P. arabica subsp. euphratica, P. carica, P. cataonica, P. chinonea, P. condensata, P. davisii, P. dudleyi, P. galatica, P. kurdica subsp. kurdica, P. kurdica subsp. montis-munzur and P. mughlaei from Turkey has been investigated by light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). LM observations show that pollen grains are usually radially symetrical, isopolar, pantoporate, polygonal (6-gonal) or polygonal-spheroidal. Tectum is psilate or punctate. Tectal surface sparsely-densely spinulose. The numbers of pores are between 6 and 12. On the basis of pollen sizes, P. davisii was the biggest pollen type (23.45 µm) and P. kurdica subsp. kurdica (16.2 µm) was the smallest pollen types. According to exine sculpturing, pollen size and spinule numbers per 1 µm2, three pollen types were distinguished.

scholarly journals Ultrastruktur Morfologi Polen Arundina graminifolia (D.Don) Hochr. (Orchidaceae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Dina Marvianti ◽  
Tesri Maideliza ◽  
Syamsuardi Syamsuardi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Arundina Graminifolia ◽  
Pollen Shape ◽  
White Variant ◽  
Scanning Electron

Pollen morphology of three variants of Arundina graminifolia in West Sumatra was examined. The pollen types, shapes, apertures and ornamentations were examined using scanning electron microscope. There was variation of pollen shape between three variant of Arundina graminifolia. There was different of pollen shape white variant to pink and purple variant. The pollen shape of white variant were oblate sferoidal. The prolate shapes were detected at pink and purpe variant. Three variants Arundina graminifolia have the same ornamentation exine that is the reticulum and there kolpus of the same type, namely tri-kolpate and tetra-kolpate

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