Additions to the Mallomonas (Chrysophyceae) flora of Ontario, Canada, and a checklist of North American Mallomonas species

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Electron Microscopical

Twenty-three species and varieties of the chrysophyte Mallomonas (Mallomonadaceae) are reported from Ontario lakes and ponds. Identifications were based on electron microscopical details of siliceous scale and bristle structure and include seven taxa not previously reported from North America (M. peronoides (Harris) Momeu & Péterfi, M. alata f. hualvensis Asmund, Cronberg & Dürrschmidt, M. costata Durrschmidt, M. canina Kristiansen, M. pillula f. exannulata Harris, M. pumilio var. pumilio Harris & Bradley emend. Asmund, Cronberg & Dürrschmidt, M. pumilio var. munda Asmund, Cronberg & Dürrschmidt). Included also are several little-known species that have been reported only once or twice from North America. Mallomonas canina Kristiansen has many similarities with M. hindonii Nicholls and might be combined with it should examination of more material from other localities show there is a case for synonomy. Bristle structure, as a feature for distinguishing M. papilhsa var. papillosa from var. ellpsoidea, may no longer be supported since var. ellipsoidea bristles were found attached to var. papillosa scales. For consistency within the subgenus Mallomonopsis (sensu Asmund & Kristiansen 1986), the new combination Mallomonas bangladeshica (Tak. & Hay. emend. Wujek & Timpano) Nicholls comb.nov. is proposed. A listing of all North American reports of Mallomonas taxa (totalling 75) has been compiled. Of these, 66 Mallomonas species (and subspecies) have been reported from Ontario.

scholarly journals The Genus Pachyma (Syn. Wolfiporia) Reinstated and Species Clarification of the Cultivated Medicinal Mushroom “Fuling” in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Wu ◽  
Shou-Jian Li ◽  
Cai-Hong Dong ◽  
Yu-Cheng Dai ◽  
Viktor Papp
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
East Asia ◽  
North American ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
East Asian ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Medicinal Mushroom ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Wide Range

The fungus “Fuling” has been used in Chinese traditional medicine for more than 2000 years, and its sclerotia have a wide range of biological activities including antitumour, immunomodulation, anti-inflammation, antioxidation, anti-aging etc. This prized medicinal mushroom also known as “Hoelen” is resurrected from a piece of pre-Linnean scientific literature. Fries treated it as Pachyma hoelen Fr. and mentioned that it was cultivated on pine trees in China. However, this name had been almost forgotten, and Poria cocos (syn. Wolfiporia cocos), originally described from North America, and known as “Tuckahoe” has been applied to “Fuling” in most publications. Although Merrill mentioned a 100 years ago that Asian Pachyma hoelen and North American P. cocos are similar but different, no comprehensive taxonomical studies have been carried out on the East Asian Pachyma hoelen and its related species. Based on phylogenetic analyses and morphological examination on both the sclerotia and the basidiocarps which are very seldomly developed, the East Asian samples of Pachyma hoelen including sclerotia, commercial strains for cultivation and fruiting bodies, nested in a strongly supported, homogeneous lineage which clearly separated from the lineages of North American Wolfiporia cocos and other species. So we confirm that the widely cultivated “Fuling” Pachyma hoelen in East Asia is not conspecific with the North American Wolfiporia cocos. Based on the changes in Art. 59 of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, the generic name Pachyma, which was sanctioned by Fries, has nomenclatural priority (ICN, Art. F.3.1), and this name well represents the economically important stage of the generic type. So we propose to use Pachyma rather than Wolfiporia, and subsequently Pachyma hoelen and Pachyma cocos are the valid names for “Fuling” in East Asia and “Tuckahoe” in North America, respectively. In addition, a new combination, Pachyma pseudococos, is proposed. Furthermore, it seems that Pachyma cocos is a species complex, and that three species exist in North America.

CERATOZETIDAE OF THE WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN ARCTIC

1985 ◽  
Vol 117 (11) ◽  
pp. 1287-1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie M. Behan-Pelletier
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Western North America ◽  
North American Arctic

AbstractThe Ceratozetidae of arctic western North America, represented by 12 species in 9 genera, are discussed. A new genus, Cyrtozetes, and species, Cyrtozetes denaliensis, are proposed, and Trichoribates copperminensis Hammer, T. polaris Hammer, Svalbardia paludicola Thor, Iugoribates gracilis Sellnick, Diapterobates notatus (Thorell) both adults and immatures, D. variabilis Hammer, Sphaerozetes arcticus Hammer, Fuscozetes sellnicki Hammer, Melanozetes longisetosus Hammer, and Ceratozetes spitsbergensis Thor and C. parvulus Sellnick are redescribed. Immatures of T. polaris, S. paludicola, F. sellnicki, and M. longisetosus are described. Distribution records of Ceratozetes gracilis (Michael) in the western North American arctic are listed. The new combination, Cyrtozetes shiranensis (Aoki and Fujikawa), is proposed.

On the presence of North American clubmoss Huperzia lucidula (Lycopodiaceae) in China: An intercontinental disjunction or misidentification

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 219 (3) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawal Shrestha ◽  
Xian-Chun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
American Literature ◽  
North American ◽  
Chinese Literature ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
The North

The North American shining clubmoss, Huperzia lucidula, was originally thought to be endemic to North America. However it was reported from China by Ren Chang Ching in 1981, and hence was believed to have a disjunct distribution in North America and Asia. Since then, in all Chinese literature H. lucidula has been described as a disjunct taxon, although in North American literature it has nearly always only been reported from eastern North America. The studies on the Chinese taxon are at present insufficient to address this taxonomical and biogeographical disparity. In this study we have attempted to unravel this issue using integrative morphological and molecular analyses. Morphological study included a thorough examination of specimens from the entire distribution range of H. lucidula in the USA, Canada and China following field collections. Molecular study included Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian inference phylogenetical analyses of three chloroplast markers: the genes rbcL and matK and the psbA-trnH intergenic spacer. The results showed distinct morphological differences between the North American and Chinese taxa, sufficient to recognize them as separate species. The molecular results corroborated these findings and supported the separation of the two taxa. Based on our results, the Chinese taxon is neither a variant of H. lucidula nor sister to it and therefore the supposed disjunct distribution of H. lucidula is erroneous and a result of misidentification. The Chinese taxon that was firstly reported by Ching as H. lucidula var. asiatica has been elevated to the species rank and a new combination has been made.

RECOGNITION OF ILYBIUS VITTIGER (GYLLENHAL, 1827), NEW COMBINATION, IN NORTH AMERICA (COLEOPTERA: DYTISCIDAE)

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Larson ◽  
Robert E. Roughley
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Full Description ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Western Arctic ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe species Dytiscus vittiger Gyllenhal, 1827 is transferred from the genus Agabus Leach sensu lat. to Ilybius Erichson. The species is recorded from the western arctic regions of North America for the first time. A full description of the species and comparisons with other North American members of the genus are provided.

Systematics of North American Petasites (Asteraceae: Senecioneae). III. A taxonomic revision

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 2061-2075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna M Cherniawsky ◽  
Randall J Bayer
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Single Species ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Difficult Genus ◽  
Isozyme Analyses ◽  
Perennial Herbs ◽  
High Degree

Petasites Mill. (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) is a taxonomically difficult genus of polygamodioecious, perennial herbs with a widespread distribution across North America. As many as 10 species and as few as two species (Petasites sagittatus (Banks ex Pursh) A. Gray and Petasites frigidus (L.) Fries with three varieties), with one hybrid taxon, have been recognized previously. Considerable taxonomic controversy has surrounded the genus as a result of a conservative floral morphology and a high degree of polymorphism in leaf morphology. Additionally, a number of intergrading leaf forms among those with rather consistent taxonomic characteristics across various treatments have contributed to the taxonomic ambivalence surrounding Petasites. Our taxonomic revision of North American Petasites is based on results obtained from recent multivariate morphometric and isozyme analyses. These data have indicated that taxa of Petasites are not sufficiently differentiated, morphologically or isozymically, from one another to warrant the recognition of separate species. Therefore, Petasites is circumscribed as a single species containing three varietal taxa and one hybrid taxon between two of the varieties. Although our circumscription of P. sagittatus is in accordance with most previous circumscriptions, we have removed it from the rank of species to varietal status under P. frigidus. The new combination Petasites frigidus var. sagittatus (Banks ex Pursh) Cherniawsky is proposed. Subsequent to the new status of one of its parental taxa (P. frigidus var. sagittatus), the new combination for Petasites ×vitifolius (Greene) Bogle is proposed: Petasites frigidus var. ×vitifolius (Greene) Cherniawsky. The three entities of the frigidus complex are united under one polymorphic taxon, P. frigidus var. frigidus and the circumscription and name of Petasites frigidus var.palmatus (Ait.) Cronq. is in accordance with previous authors. A complete list of synonymy and a key to the taxa of Petasites is presented together with distribution maps.Key words: Petasites, Asteraceae, Senecioneae, North America, taxonomic revision.

SYNOPSIS OF THE NORTH AMERICAN PHILAENINI (RHYNCHOTA: HOMOPTERA: CERCOPIDAE) WITH A NEW GENUS AND FOUR NEW SPECIES

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.G.A. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
The North ◽  
New Synonymy

AbstractKeys are provided to the five genera and 12 species of Philaenini in North America. Philaenus (Stål) is redefined to include only two species, one of which, spumarius L., 1758 (= rubra Capanni, 1894, = aurata Capanni, 1894, new synonymies) is represented in North America by three introduced subspecies: quadrimaculatus (Sch.) in eastern and western continental America, spumarius s.s. in Newfoundland, and tesselatus (Mel.) from one locality in southern Ontario. Philaenus parallels Stearns is removed to Paraphilaenus Vilb. as its sole Nearctic representative (new combination) and Philaenus lineatus (L.) belongs to the distinctive genus Neophilaenus Hpt. Philaronia Ball is represented in North America by five species: abjecta (Uhl.), canadensis (Wal.), fuscovaria (Stål) new combination, pauca n. sp. and superba n. sp. Philaenarcys new genus includes three species: bilineata (Say), 1831, new combination (= Ptyelus basivitta Wlk., 1851, new synonymy), killa n. sp., and spartina n. sp.

Nucleotide polymorphisms in three genes support host and geographic speciation in tree pathogens belonging toGremmeniellaspp.

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
pp. 1151-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Dusabenyagasani ◽  
G Laflamme ◽  
R C Hamelin
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
North American ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Host Specialization ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Group I ◽  
Geographic Separation ◽  
Pinus Spp

We detected nucleotide polymorphisms within the genus Gremmeniella in DNA sequences of β-tubulin, glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase, and mitochondrial small subunit rRNA (mtSSU rRNA) genes. A group-I intron was present in strains originating from fir (Abies spp.) in the mtSSU rRNA locus. This intron in the mtSSU rRNA locus of strains isolated from Abies sachalinensis (Fridr. Schmidt) M.T. Mast in Asia was also found in strains isolated from Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. in North America. Phylogenetic analyses yielded trees that grouped strains by host of origin with strong branch support. Asian strains of Gremmeniella abietina (Lagerberg) Morelet var. abietina isolated from fir (A. sachalinensis) were more closely related to G. abietina var. balsamea from North America, which is found on spruce (Picea spp.) and balsam fir, and European and North American races of G. abietina var. abietina from pines (Pinus spp.) were distantly related. Likewise, North American isolates of Gremmeniella laricina (Ettinger) O. Petrini, L.E. Petrini, G. Laflamme, & G.B. Ouellette, a pathogen of larch, was more closely related to G. laricina from Europe than to G. abietina var. abietina from North America. These data suggest that host specialization might have been the leading evolutionary force shaping Gremmeniella spp., with geographic separation acting as a secondary factor.Key words: Gremmeniella, geographic separation, host specialization, mitochondrial rRNA, nuclear genes.

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