Water availability alters the relative performance of Salix sericea,Sralix eriocephala, and their F1 hybrids

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin M Orians ◽  
Daniel I Bolnick ◽  
Bernadette M Roche ◽  
Robert S Fritz ◽  
Ted Floyd
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
High Water ◽  
Relative Performance ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variability ◽  
Dry Down ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
One Year

Seedlings of Salix eriocephala Michx., Salix sericea Marsh., and their F1 hybrids were tested for their growth under contrasting water conditions. One-year old seedlings were grown in pots and subjected to one of two experiments, a scheduled-watering experiment (watered every 1, 4, 8, or 12 days) or a dry-down experiment (no watering after an initial period without water limitation). In the scheduled-watering experiment, short-term growth of hybrids was suppressed relative to the parents. However, subsequent watering allowed hybrids to recover. By the end of the 48-day experiments, hybrids exhibited heterosis across all treatments. In the dry-down experiment, hybrids again were highly susceptible to the onset of drought conditions. From these results, we hypothesize that temporal and spatial variability in water availability could determine the survivorship of hybrids and the frequency of introgression; high water availability may enhance the relative performance of hybrids, while low water availability may limit hybrids.Key words: Salicaceae, willows, hybridization, water relations, performance, heterosis.

scholarly journals SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM IMPACTS OF ECO-DRIVING ON DYNAMICS OF DRIVING BEHAVIOUR AND OPERATING PARAMETERS

Transport ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-155
Author(s):  
Tatjana Savković ◽  
Milica Miličić ◽  
Ilija Tanackov ◽  
Pavle Pitka ◽  
Dejan Koleška
Keyword(s):  
Initial Period ◽  
External Parameter ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Driving Behaviour ◽  
Driving Conditions ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

This paper shows the impact of eco-driving training course on driving behaviour of 7 drivers, analysing two internal parameters: Scania Driver Support (SDS) parameter and Fuel Consumption (FC). Data were collected using Scania Fleet Management System (Scania FMS) over a period of one-year (1 + 2 + 4 + 6 months during the 2015 and 2016). Data for these two parameters of all drivers were recorded daily over a one-year period and calculated in average values on a monthly basis. A one-year cycle of average monthly ambient temperatures of wider geographical region was adopted as the most important external parameter of impact on eco-driving benefits. Longitudinal observation period is divided into: one month initial period of establishing the parameter values before the training (one month), short-term with eco-driving (two months), short-term without eco-driving (four months) and long-term (six months). Significantly higher values of SDS parameter (p < 0.05) and significant reduction of FC (p = 0.0310 < 0.05) were established with a higher average ambient temperature over a short-term period. A partial increase of SDS parameter value (p < 0.10) was established over a long-term period but the level of FC reversed to the values as before the training (p = 0.7554 > 0.05). The results indicate the potential of eco-driving training that manifests significantly positive effects only in good driving conditions. With bad weather conditions that correlate with bad driving conditions, the effects of eco-driving training are supressed with increased requirements for safer driving. Primary conclusion of the paper is that the eco-driving training principles have an apparent positive effect on reduction of FC and CO2 emission but are at the same time sensitive to environmental driving conditions.

Catheter-directed foam sclerotherapy treatment of saphenous vein incompetence

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asciutto ◽  
Lindblad
Keyword(s):  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Foam Sclerotherapy ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Ulcer Healing Rate ◽  
Complete Obliteration ◽  
Ceap Classification ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

Background: The aim of this study is to report the short-term results of catheter-directed foam sclerotherapy (CDFS) in the treatment of axial saphenous vein incompetence. Patients and methods: Data of all patients undergoing CDFS for symptomatic primary incompetence of the great or small saphenous vein were prospectively collected. Treatment results in terms of occlusion rate and patients’ grade of satisfaction were analysed. All successfully treated patients underwent clinical and duplex follow-up examinations one year postoperatively. Results: Between September 2006 and September 2010, 357 limbs (337 patients) were treated with CDFS at our institution. Based on the CEAP classification, 64 were allocated to clinical class C3 , 128 to class C4, 102 to class C5 and 63 to class C6. Of the 188 patients who completed the one year follow up examination, 67 % had a complete and 14 % a near complete obliteration of the treated vessel. An ulcer-healing rate of 54 % was detected. 92 % of the patients were satisfied with the results of treatment. We registered six cases of thrombophlebitis and two cases of venous thromboembolism, all requiring treatment. Conclusions: The short-term results of CDFS in patients with axial vein incompetence are acceptable in terms of occlusion and complications rates.

A Clinical Study and Management of Inguino-scrotal Swellings In Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. e000125
Author(s):  
Khyati Vaja ◽  
Mukesh Suvera
Keyword(s):  
Inguinal Hernia ◽  
Pediatric Surgery ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Undescended Testis ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Indirect Inguinal Hernia ◽  
Short Term ◽  
One Year ◽  
Groin Hernias ◽  
Inguinal Hernia In Children

Aims and Objectives: To know the most common surgical problems in pediatric patients presented with inguino-scrotal swellings and management done routinely. Methodology: This study was carried out in the department of general surgery, Sharadaben hospital and pediatric surgery of VS hospital, Ahmedabad. The cases were studied for a period of about one year (January, 2017 to Dec, 2017) and all children below 12 years of age, presenting to us with inguinoscrotal swellings were included in this study. The information was analysed in terms of age, diagnosis, procedure carried out and outcome. Results: Amongst the 150 children under the age of 12 years, 143 patients were males and 7 were females. Among these 150, 52 cases were of hydrocoele, 70 cases of hernia (of which 63 were males and 7 were females), 25 cases of undescended testis and 3 cases of epididymo orchitis were documented. All cases underwent simple herniotomy for hernia and hydrocoele, orchidopexy for undescended testis. The length of hospital stay ranged from 2-4 days with mean of 2.46 days. 11 children in the study were documented to have short term complications, all of which were recognised in the hospital and managed with good results. Conclusion: Hernia and Hydrocoele in children are often congenital and diagnosed clinically (history and examination). Indirect inguinal hernia are more common than other groin hernias. Open herniotomy is the operation of choice for inguinal hernia in children.

Sustained normoglycemia in newly diagnosed type I diabetic subjects. Short-term effects and one-year follow-up

Diabetes ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 995-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Perlman ◽  
R. M. Ehrlich ◽  
R. M. Filler ◽  
A. M. Albisser
Keyword(s):  
Type I ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Short Term ◽  
One Year ◽  
Short Term Effects

scholarly journals Price adjustments on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange for unexpected and dramatic news events: An empirical analysis

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Bhana
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Johannesburg Stock Exchange ◽  
Price Adjustments ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
News Events ◽  
One Year

The objective of this study is to determine whether companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange overreacted to unexpected favourable and unfavourable company-specific news events during the period 1970 - 1984. The JSE appears to be inefficient in reacting to the announcement of unfavourable news; economically significant abnormal returns up to one year following the event are observed. The JSE does not appear to overreact to news of a favourable nature, there is only weak evidence of short-term overreaction. The selling pressure caused by panic selling could depress prices well below levels justified by the unfavourable news. The magnitude of the overreaction to unfavourable news is sufficient to enable astute investors to outperform the market by taking positions in these securities. Knowledge of the pattern of market overreaction can also be of value to investors for transactions that are to take place anyway.

scholarly journals Modeling of solid sediment transport in mountain rivers

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 12002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Issam Boukhanef ◽  
Anna Khadzhidi ◽  
Lyudmila Kravchenko ◽  
Zeroual Ayoub ◽  
Kastali Abdennour
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Suspended Sediments ◽  
High Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Solid Transport ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

In Algeria, the problems of erosion and sediment transport are critical, since they have the most dramatic consequences of the degradation of agricultural soils on the one hand and the siltation of the dam on the other .The sediment transport in the Algerian basins is very important especially during the periods of floods, It is in this sense that this study, which consists of estimating the sediment transport in suspension and determining the models of relation linking the liquid discharge and the sediment discharge in order to estimate the solid transport in the absence of suspended sediments concentration data at the Sidi Akkacha station at the outlet of the basin of Oued Allala which is subject to a high water erosion, it degrades from one year to the other under the effect of this phenomenon especially during the floods which drain high amounts of fine particles exceeding in general, the concentration of 150 g/l, the results obtained from the application of the models are very encouraging since the correlation between liquid and solid discharge exceeds 80 %.

scholarly journals Short-term Variations in Strain and Surface Tilt on Storglaciären, Kebnekaise, Northern Sweden

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (120) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Jansson ◽  
Roger LeB. Hooke
Keyword(s):  
Water Pressure ◽  
High Water ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Gradual Change ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Glacier Surface ◽  
Vertical Movements ◽  
Bed Topography ◽  
The Waves ◽  
Local Uplift

AbstractTiltmeters that can detect changes in slope of a glacier surface as small as 0.1 μ rad have been used on Storglaciären. The records obtained to date have been from the upper part of the ablation area, where the bed of the glacier is overdeepened. A total of 82 d of records has been obtained for various time periods between early June and early September.There is generally a gradual change in inclination of the glacier surface over periods of several days, but these changes do not appear to be systematic. In particular, they are not consistent with vertical movements of stakes located 2–3 ice thicknesses away from the tiltmeters. This suggests that the tiltmeters are sensing disturbances over areas with diameters comparable to the local ice thickness.Superimposed on these trends are diurnal signals suggesting rises and falls of the surface just up-glacier from the riegel that bounds the overdeepening on its down-glacier end. These may be due to waves of high water pressure originating in a crevassed area near the equilibrium line. If this interpretation is correct, the waves apparently move down-glacier at speeds of 20–60 m h−1and become sufficiently focused, either by the bed topography or by conduit constrictions, to result in local uplift of the surface. Also observed are abrupt tilts towards the glacier center line shortly after the beginning of heavy rainstorms. These appear to be due to longitudinal stretching as the part of the glacier below the riegel accelerates faster than that above. Water entering the glacier by way of a series of crevasses over the riegel is believed to be responsible for this differential acceleration. In June 1987, a dramatic event was registered, probably reflecting the initial summer acceleration of the glacier.

scholarly journals Characterizing Growing Season Length of Subtropical Coniferous Forests with a Phenological Model

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Yuan Gong ◽  
Christina L. Staudhammer ◽  
Susanne Wiesner ◽  
Gregory Starr ◽  
Yinlong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Prescribed Fire ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Soil Water Availability ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Phenological Model

Understanding plant phenological change is of great concern in the context of global climate change. Phenological models can aid in understanding and predicting growing season changes and can be parameterized with gross primary production (GPP) estimated using the eddy covariance (EC) technique. This study used nine years of EC-derived GPP data from three mature subtropical longleaf pine forests in the southeastern United States with differing soil water holding capacity in combination with site-specific micrometeorological data to parameterize a photosynthesis-based phenological model. We evaluated how weather conditions and prescribed fire led to variation in the ecosystem phenological processes. The results suggest that soil water availability had an effect on phenology, and greater soil water availability was associated with a longer growing season (LOS). We also observed that prescribed fire, a common forest management activity in the region, had a limited impact on phenological processes. Dormant season fire had no significant effect on phenological processes by site, but we observed differences in the start of the growing season (SOS) between fire and non-fire years. Fire delayed SOS by 10 d ± 5 d (SE), and this effect was greater with higher soil water availability, extending SOS by 18 d on average. Fire was also associated with increased sensitivity of spring phenology to radiation and air temperature. We found that interannual climate change and periodic weather anomalies (flood, short-term drought, and long-term drought), controlled annual ecosystem phenological processes more than prescribed fire. When water availability increased following short-term summer drought, the growing season was extended. With future climate change, subtropical areas of the Southeastern US are expected to experience more frequent short-term droughts, which could shorten the region’s growing season and lead to a reduction in the longleaf pine ecosystem’s carbon sequestration capacity.

scholarly journals One-year outcome of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in morbidly obese adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed El ghazeery ◽  
Mohamed Elsawaf ◽  
Mohamed Ashour ◽  
Mohamed Metwaly ◽  
Mohamed Hashish
Keyword(s):  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Fatty Infiltration ◽  
Adolescent Obesity ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Safe Procedure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Important Health ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background Adolescent obesity is an important health issue. Non-surgical weight management programs, even the most aggressive, have shown modest weight reduction results. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is gaining reliability as a low surgical risk bariatric procedure with proper efficiency for this age group. The aim of this study was to present our initial experience with LSG in morbidly obese adolescents and to report short-term clinical and metabolic outcome. Results Mean age was 16.43 years, and mean preoperative weight and body mass index (BMI) were 132.68 kg and 48.90 respectively. Mean excess weight loss (EWL) was 54.11 kg 1 year after LSG, corresponding to 74 EWL% as well as mean BMI loss (BML) of 19.89. LSG improved fatty infiltration of the liver in 75% of cases and other comorbidities in 100% of patients. Conclusions LSG proved to be a safe procedure with significant short-term clinical and metabolic success for adolescent obesity.

scholarly journals How combining different caries lesions characteristics may be helpful in short-term caries progression prediction: model development on occlusal surfaces of primary teeth

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela Floriano ◽  
Elizabeth Souza Rocha ◽  
Ronilza Matos ◽  
Juliana Mattos-Silveira ◽  
Kim Rud Ekstrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Caries Lesion ◽  
Occlusal Surfaces ◽  
Caries Progression ◽  
One Year ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
Cavitated Lesions

Abstract Background Few studies have addressed the clinical parameters' predictive power related to caries lesion associated with their progression. This study assessed the predictive validity and proposed simplified models to predict short-term caries progression using clinical parameters related to caries lesion activity status. Methods The occlusal surfaces of primary molars, presenting no frank cavitation, were examined according to the following clinical predictors: colour, luster, cavitation, texture, and clinical depth. After one year, children were re-evaluated using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System to assess caries lesion progression. Progression was set as the outcome to be predicted. Univariate multilevel Poisson models were fitted to test each of the independent variables (clinical features) as predictors of short-term caries progression. The multimodel inference was made based on the Akaike Information Criteria and C statistic. Afterwards, plausible interactions among some of the variables were tested in the models to evaluate the benefit of combining these variables when assessing caries lesions. Results 205 children (750 surfaces) presented no frank cavitations at the baseline. After one year, 147 children were reassessed (70%). Finally, 128 children (733 surfaces) presented complete baseline data and had included primary teeth to be reassessed. Approximately 9% of the reassessed surfaces showed caries progression. Among the univariate models created with each one of these variables, the model containing the surface integrity as a predictor had the lowest AIC (364.5). Univariate predictive models tended to present better goodness-of-fit (AICs < 388) and discrimination (C:0.959–0.966) than those combining parameters (AIC:365–393, C:0.958–0.961). When only non-cavitated surfaces were considered, roughness compounded the model that better predicted the lesions' progression (AIC = 217.7, C:0.91). Conclusions Univariate model fitted considering the presence of cavitation show the best predictive goodness-of-fit and discrimination. For non-cavitated lesions, the simplest way to predict those lesions that tend to progress is by assessing enamel roughness. In general, the evaluation of other conjoint parameters seems unnecessary for all non-frankly cavitated lesions.

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