scholarly journals Nunatsiavut, ‘Our beautiful land’: Inuit landscape ethnoecology in Labrador, Canada

Botany ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Cuerrier ◽  
Courtenay Clark ◽  
Frédéric Dwyer-Samuel ◽  
Michel Rapinski
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
Substrate Type ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Plural Form ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Contemporary Science ◽  
Intimate Knowledge ◽  
Dry Wood ◽  
Landscape Units ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation Strategies

For Inuit in the subarctic transition zone of northeastern Canada, an intimate knowledge of the environment and local biodiversity is crucial for successful traditional activities. This study examines what kinds of landscape features and habitats Inuit of Nunatsiavut recognize and name. During interviews, community members (mostly Elders) were shown photographs from the region, and were asked to describe and name salient types of places in Labrador Inuttitut. The most frequently reported geographical units dealt with the region’s topography (e.g., ‘mountain’, ‘island’, ‘flat-place’), hydrology (e.g., ‘river’, ‘bay’), and superficial characteristics (e.g., ‘bedrock’, ‘permanent snow patch’). Ecological considerations were also prominent, such as plant associations and animal habitats (e.g., ‘shrubby-place’, wetland’, ‘caribou-return-to-place’). Areas were often characterized by a dominant species or substrate type, being named using the plural form of the species/substrate (e.g., napâttuk ‘tree’/ napâttuit ‘forest’, siugak ‘sand’/siugalak ‘sandy-area’). Some types of places reported by Inuit were significant mainly for traditional activities (e.g., ‘berry-patch’, ‘seal-place’, ‘dry-wood-place’, ‘danger-place’), aiding navigation and resource finding. Integrating Inuit conceptions of ecosystems and their component landscape units with those of contemporary science can improve our understanding of subarctic ecology, benefit climate change adaptation strategies and Inuit language/culture conservation initiatives.

Numerical classification of French vegetation of Carici caryophylleae – Genistetea lobelii J.-C. Klein 1972

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e68062
Author(s):  
Pauline Delbosc ◽  
Mathieu Le Dez ◽  
Jean-Bernard Bouzillé ◽  
Kevin Cianfaglione ◽  
Frédéric Bioret
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Numerical Classification ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Diagnostic Species ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Formal Definitions ◽  
Twinspan Classification ◽  
New Association

Carici-Genistetea lobelii Klein 1972 corresponds to cyrno-sardinian oromediterranean cushion scrub and related grasslands. In France, this class is only present in Corsica and the syntaxonomic scheme is debated among phytosociologists. The aim of this paper is to highlight the main plant associations of Carici-Genistetea lobelii Klein 1972 and to define the diagnostic species for each phytosociological unit. We compiled 519 vegetation plots and we applied EuropeanVegetationChecklist expert system for the classes of European vegetation to retain only vegetation plots belonging to Carici-Genistetea lobelii. We obtained a dataset with 189 vegetation plots and we classified them with Modified TWINSPAN classification. Our analyses recognized 6 plant associations and 3 sub-associations already described in the literature; and to describe a new alliance corresponding to the supra-mediterranean vegetations (Genistion salzmannii), a new association (Brimeuro fastigiatae-Juniperetum nanae) and its sub-association (alnetosum suaveolentis). For each of them, we identified diagnostic, constant and dominant species and produced their distribution map. Formal definitions were then written for each phytosociological unit (from subassociation to class) and grouped in an expert system to automatically classify the vegetations of Carici-Genistetea lobelii.

scholarly journals The dynamics of overgrowing of spawning areas of Lake Pskov, using the example of Anokhovo Bay

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina B. Mikhailova ◽  
Sergey G. Mikhalap
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
Common Reed ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Water Lily ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Spawning Areas ◽  
History Of ◽  
Observation Period ◽  
Schoenoplectus Lacustris

The dynamics of overgrowing of spawning grounds in the southern area of Peipsi-Pihkva Lake complex is considered, based on 28 years of observations from Anokhovo Bay. The history of the study of the water area is analyzed in detail, the species and syntaxonomic composition of plant associations in the littoral areas of the bay is described, and the dominant species are established. Over the entire observation period, the total number of macrophyte species increased by almost 2.5 times, and the number of plant associations increased approximately twofold. The area of the bay overgrown with macrophytes increased by 9.5%, with a simultaneous increase in the overgrowth density. The dominant species are common reed Phragmites australis, lakeshore bulrush Schoenoplectus lacustris, and yellow water-lily Nuphar lutea.

Foraging characteristics of Canada geese on the Nisutlin River delta, Yukon

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 2358-2361 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Coleman ◽  
D. A. Boag
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Canada Geese ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
South Central ◽  
Eleocharis Palustris

Food selection by Canada geese (Branta canadensis), staging in the autumn on the Nisutlin River delta in the south central Yukon Territory, was investigated between August and October of 1981, 1982, and 1983. Three distinct plant associations were used by the foraging geese: an aquatic association in which rhizomes of Potamogeton richardsonii, the dominant species, were eaten; a terrestrial and more vegetatively complex association in which Equisetum palustre was the main plant taken; and an association of almost pure stands of Equisetum fluviatile in wet depressions behind old river levees. Availability of these feeding zones depended on water levels on the delta. When water levels were low (October 1982), all feeding zones were available, yet the geese fed almost entirely in the Potamogeton zone, indicating a preference for that zone. At intermediate water levels, Potamogeton richardsonii was no longer available and the geese grazed on the complex vegetative zone, taking Equisetum palustre, Ranunculus reptans, and Eleocharis palustris in the ratio of their relative availability (85:10:5). Only when water levels were high did the geese graze exclusively in the Equisetum fluviatile zone, the least preferred.

scholarly journals Floristic characteristics of the black alder forests in Kostanay region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.E. Solodukhina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Black Alder ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Differential Species ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Floristic Characteristics

The species diversity and quantitative participation of the dominant species of black alder forests of the Kostanai region (Northern Torgai) are summarized in four plant associations. Associations: Thelypterio-Equiseto-Violosum-Alnetum; Athyrio-Alnetum; Urticosum-Alnetum и Matteuccio struthiopteri-Alnetum glutinosae. The distinguished associations or conassociations of black alder forests quite clearly differ in environmental conditions and in the presence of a group of differential species characterizing the stability of price ecosystems.

scholarly journals Why Indigenous Canadians on reserves are reluctant to complain about the police

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
John Kiedrowski ◽  
Michael Petrunik ◽  
Mark Irving
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Police Misconduct ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Royal Canadian Mounted Police ◽  
Shared Culture ◽  
Intimate Knowledge

Recent widespread protests and intensive media coverage of actual and alleged acts of police misconduct against members of vulnerable populations (e.g., Indigenous and racialized persons, mentally ill and/or addicted persons) overrepresented in the criminal justice system have renewed interest internationally in the factors influencing civilian complaints against police. In Canada, a major concern exists regarding how Indigenous persons who feel improperly treated by the police perceive and confront barriers to making formal complaints about such treatment. This study focuses on the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), the police agency providing services to the majority of rural and northern reserve communities. Our survey and interviews with influential “community informants” (in this instance community court workers) with intimate knowledge of such local communities, shared culture and language, and vicarious appreciation of the experiences of community members support the view that Indigenous persons do encounter significant barriers to launching formal complaints and are consistent with other research literature. We discuss our findings, raise policy considerations for decision makers such as police leaders and police complaints bodies, and outline implications for future research.

Phytoseiid mites (Parasitiformes, Phytoseiidae) of “Mykhaylivs’ka tselina” branch of the Ukrainian Steppe Nature Reserve, NAS of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
L.A. Kolodochka ◽  
V.Yu. Bondarev
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Phytoseiid Mites ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Plant Pest ◽  
Species Composition And Distribution ◽  
Index Value

Faunistical studies are a priority in protected areas because these ecosystems can be considered the richest and the least disturbed, and provide invaluable data for comparison. It is particularly important in the case of predatory animals, such as mites of the family Phytoseiidae. They are highly important in the ecosystems as the plant pest regulators. However, the data on phytoseiid mites of protected areas are scanty, especially these of the steppe zone of Ukraine. The present publication contributes to the ecological and faunistical studies of Phytoseiidae mites of plant associations in the Ukrainian Steppe Nature Reserve. Herein, the new data on the species composition and distribution of predatory phytoseiid mites of the reserve’s branch “Mykhaylivs’ka Tsylina” are given. The material was collected by authors in August, 2017. A total of 677 specimens were identified as belonging to 14 species of eight genera of Phytoseiidae. According to the ecological preferences, the mites represent three groups: herbabionts, arboreal mites and eurybionts. The most common species was Amblydromella pirianykae, according to occurrence index (with maximum index value of 41.29 %). This species also was the most prevalent by the number of collected specimens. The rarest species in the studied complex were Bawus subsoleiger, Neoseiulus bicaudus, and Typhlodromus rodovae. The value of occurrence index for those species was 0.65%. Other species were characterized by intermediate values of occurrence index. The domination structure of the studied species complex was characterized using Paliy-Kovnatsky index. The community structure was as follows: two eudominant and two dominant species, no subdominant species, and 10 secondary community members.

scholarly journals Komunitas Krustasea di Kawasan Mangrove Desa Jangkaran Kabupaten Kulon Progo

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Sholihat Amalia ◽  
Djumanto Djumanto ◽  
Namastra Probosunu
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Current Velocity ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Substrate Type ◽  
Mangrove Area ◽  
The Family ◽  
Uca Annulipes ◽  
Penaeus Merguiensis

The objective of this study was to determine the diversity and abundance of krustaseans in the mangrove area of Jangkaran Village, Temon District, Kulon Progo Regency. Sampling was done bi-weekly from October 2016 to February 2017 on six stations defined by ecological character. Krustasean sampling was done using cest net, trap net and hand picking along the river with the extent of each collection station about 10 m2. The captured krustasean samples were cleaned, stored in ice-cooled boxes and transported to the laboratories to be identified and grouped according to species, then measured by carapace length and individual weight. Observation of aquatic environment was done by measuring temperature, brightness, water depth, current velocity, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and substrate type. The results of the observation obtained 1 order, 7 families, and 26 species. The family krustaseans found were Coenobitidae, Diogenidae, Grapsidae, Ocypodidae, Palaemonoidae, Penaeidae, and Portunidae. The most dominant species of krustaseans were white shrimp (Penaeus merguiensis) as much as 25.06%, hermit crab (Clibanarius sp.) as much as 10.85%, and Uca annulipes as much as 10.59%. The fewest species of krustaseans found were Varuna yui of 0.13% and Ocypode sp. as much as 0.26%. The abundance value was 25.4 ind / m2, indices of diversity 2.60, richess index 0.87 and index of dominance 0.18.

The Negative Consequences of Stuttering for Perceptions of Leadership Ability

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Virgil Zeigler-Hill ◽  
Avi Besser ◽  
Yuval Besser
Keyword(s):  
Self Esteem ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Perceived Leadership ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Perceptions Of Leadership

Abstract. The purpose of the present study was to extend previous research concerning the negative perceptions of stuttering by considering the perceived leadership ability of targets who stuttered compared with targets who did not stutter. We were also interested in the possibility that negative perceptions of the targets (i.e., low levels of self-esteem, intelligence, dominance-based status motivation, and prestige-based status motivation) would mediate the association between stuttering and a lack of perceived leadership ability as well as the possibility that manipulating the ostensible self-esteem level of the target would further moderate these associations. The results for 838 Israeli community members revealed a negative association between stuttering and perceived leadership ability that was mediated by the perceived self-esteem level and dominance-based status motivation of the target. Further, the associations between stuttering and perceptions of leadership ability were moderated by the ostensible self-esteem level of the target. Discussion focuses on the implications of these results for understanding the negative halo that surrounds stuttering.

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