Overstory treatment and planting season affect survival of replacement tree species in emerald ash borer threatened Fraxinus nigra forests in Minnesota, USA

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1728-1738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher E. Looney ◽  
Anthony W. D’Amato ◽  
Brian J. Palik ◽  
Robert A. Slesak
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Group Selection ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Species Selection ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Fraxinus Nigra ◽  
Black Ash

Fraxinus nigra Marsh. (black ash) wetland forests in northern Minnesota, USA, are threatened by the invasive insect, emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (EAB)). A potential management option is promoting regeneration of tree species that are not EAB hosts to maintain ecosystem functions. Using an operational-scale field experiment, we examined the survival of 12 alternative tree species in response to different canopy treatments. We planted the seedlings in 1.6 ha plots assigned to four replicated canopy treatments: untreated control, group selection (0.04 ha gaps, 20% of stand), black ash girdling to emulate EAB-induced mortality, and clearcut. Fall and spring plantings were used to compare the effects of spring ponding. Control (32.9%), group selection (34.5%), and girdling (33.3%) treatments had comparable overall seedling survival. Survival in the clear-cut treatments was significantly lower (22%). Species selection, overstory treatment, and season of planting together resulted in survival rates ranging from 0.08% to 94.1%. Conifer species had low overall rates of survival (10.7%), whereas some species with native ranges not presently overlapping with northern F. nigra forests, e.g., Quercus bicolor Willd. (75.5%), had high survival rates. If growth is light-limited, group selection may be effective in promoting recruitment and supporting a larger variety of species.

Canopy treatment influences growth of replacement tree species in Fraxinus nigra forests threatened by the emerald ash borer in Minnesota, USA

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher E. Looney ◽  
Anthony W. D’Amato ◽  
Brian J. Palik ◽  
Robert A. Slesak
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Group Selection ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Agrilus Planipennis ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Climate Zone ◽  
Proactive Management ◽  
The Future ◽  
Fraxinus Nigra

Fraxinus nigra Marsh. (black ash), a dominant tree species of wetland forests in northern Minnesota, USA, is imperiled by the invasive insect emerald ash borer (EAB; Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, 1888). Regeneration of associated tree species is generally low in F. nigra forests and could be impacted further by climate change. Proactive management may be critical to maintaining tree cover and ecosystem function following EAB invasion. We investigated the mean height and diameter relative growth rate (RGR) of seedlings of 10 potential replacement tree species, including two from the next southern climate zone projected to be adapted to the future northern Minnesota climate. Seedlings were planted in F. nigra wetlands under four canopy treatments: unharvested control, clearcut, girdling F. nigra to emulate EAB-induced mortality, and group selection. Mean height and diameter RGR was fastest overall in the clearcut treatment, followed by the girdling, group selection, and control treatments. Depending on species, treatment significantly influenced RGR. Several species projected to be adapted to the future northern Minnesota climate had moderate to rapid mean RGR, including one from the next southern climate zone. Our results suggest that seedling plantings and overstory treatment represent an effective strategy for establishing F. nigra replacement tree species as EAB approaches, while reducing future risk from climate change.

scholarly journals Eighth-year survival and growth of planted replacement tree species in black ash (Fraxinus nigra) wetlands threatened by emerald ash borer in Minnesota, USA

2021 ◽  
Vol 484 ◽  
pp. 118958
Author(s):  
Brian J. Palik ◽  
Anthony W. D'Amato ◽  
Robert A. Slesak ◽  
Doug Kastendick ◽  
Chris Looney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Fraxinus Nigra ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Black Ash

Potential Species Replacements for Black Ash (Fraxinus nigra) at the Confluence of Two Threats: Emerald Ash Borer and a Changing Climate

Ecosystems ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Iverson ◽  
Kathleen S. Knight ◽  
Anantha Prasad ◽  
Daniel A. Herms ◽  
Stephen Matthews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Changing Climate ◽  
Fraxinus Nigra ◽  
Black Ash ◽  
Species Replacements

Towards an understanding of population change for the long-lived resprouting tree Angophora inopina (Myrtaceae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Tierney
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Fire Frequency ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Population Modelling ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Soil Seed Banks ◽  
Rates Of Growth

In fire-prone habitats some long-lived tree species appear resilient to fire. However, fire frequency may affect recruitment patterns. This study investigates the reproductive features of the long-lived tree species Angophora inopina Hill in recognised priority conservation areas with a high fire frequency. Plants exhibit high survival rates when burnt and respond to fire events with high rates of growth, flowering and seed set. Aged capsules on plants contain few seeds but released seeds germinate readily, suggesting high viability, low dormancy and limited seed storage in aerial or soil seed banks. Population modelling indicates that the species will be resilient to low recruitment levels in the short term. However, over the long term, population structure is significant in determining the ability of the population to respond to recruitment cues. Thus, understanding and monitoring population structural change is a priority for this species.

Water table response to harvesting and simulated emerald ash borer mortality in black ash wetlands in Minnesota, USA

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 961-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Slesak ◽  
Christian F. Lenhart ◽  
Kenneth N. Brooks ◽  
Anthony W. D’Amato ◽  
Brian J. Palik
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Group Selection ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Forested Wetland ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Black Ash

Black ash wetlands are seriously threatened because of the invasive emerald ash borer (EAB). Wetland hydrology is likely to be modified following ash mortality, but the magnitude of hydrological impact following loss via EAB and alternative mitigation harvests is not clear. Our objective was to assess the water table response to simulated EAB and harvesting to determine if management actions will be needed to maintain ecosystem functions following EAB infestation. We applied four replicated treatments to 1.6 ha plots as follows: (1) control, (2) girdling of all black ash trees to simulate loss via EAB mortality, (3) group selection harvests (20% of stand in 0.04 ha gaps), and (4) clear-cut harvest. Water table (WT) elevations were monitored for 1 year pre-treatment and two years post-treatment. Clear-cutting delayed WT drawdown in both years of the study, and the WT was significantly higher than the control treatment, predominantly when WT depth was below 30 cm. The effect of the group selection treatment on WT response was muted compared to clear-cutting and also limited to periods when the WT depth was below 30 cm. These responses were attributed to establishment of shallow-rooted vegetation in cut areas, which would have limited influence on WT dynamics as depth increased. There was little effect of girdling on the WT in the first year post-treatment, but effects on the WT were very similar to clear-cutting in the second year and more pronounced when the WT was within 30 cm of the soil surface. These effects were attributed to reduced transpiration coupled with the presence of a partial canopy following girdling, which would have reduced vegetation establishment and evaporation compared to clear-cutting. Given the large influence of WT depth on vegetation dynamics and associated feedbacks to altered hydrology, these early results indicate a greater risk of ecosystem alteration following EAB mortality compared to clear-cut harvesting. Depending on local hydrologic regime, variation in precipitation patterns, and time for complete canopy loss, it may be necessary for managers to implement active mitigation strategies (e.g., group selection coupled with planting of alternative species) prior to EAB infestation to maintain ecosystem processes in these forested wetland systems.

scholarly journals Auxins and Water-Retaining Polymer Root Dips Affect Survival and Growth of Newly Transplanted Bare-Rooted European Beech and Silver Birch

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-188
Author(s):  
G.C. Percival ◽  
S. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Silver Birch ◽  
Species Selection ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Tree Vitality ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Root Regeneration ◽  
Tree Survival

Abstract The influence of two commercially available auxin products (IBA talc, IBA:NAA solution) in combination with a water-retaining polymer applied to the root system of two transplant-sensitive tree species, silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) under field conditions was investigated. The efficacy of the auxins on growth was quantified by recording root and shoot growth and survival rates at week 8 and 20 after bud break. Improvements in tree vitality were assessed by measurement of leaf photosynthetic rates, chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll content. Application of an IBA talc improved growth and vitality of beech but had little beneficial effects on birch. A combination of liquid IBA:NAA (50:1 dilution) and a water-retaining polymer at transplanting proved most effective for root regeneration, growth and tree vitality of both species compared to other treatments. Regardless of species, applications of a water-retaining polymer alone had no significant effect on tree survival rates or tree vitality. However, growth of birch was significantly reduced compared to controls indicating a detrimental effect of polymer application alone on this species. Results show that commercially available auxin products in combination with a water-retaining polymer can be used to reduce transplant losses and improve tree vitality and growth over a growing season in two difficult-to-transplant species. Selection of an appropriate auxin(s), however, is important as effects on growth and vitality can vary between tree species.

scholarly journals Вплив згодовування плідникам райдужної форелі ганаміновіту на виживання заплідненої ікри та передличинок

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (73) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
N. Grynevych
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Water System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Vitamin Supplements ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Breeding Stock ◽  
Closed Water

The aim of research was a study the effect of influence of feeding by feed supplement of Ganaminovit the breeding stock of rainbow trout on the state of fertilized eggs and pre-larvae. The task of research was to study influence of Ganaminovit on the survival of fertilized eggs and on the productive effect of larvae in the conditions of the closed water-supply. The breeding stock of rainbow trout were fed by the extruded mixed fodders with Ganaminovit in 2015 during two months to and after spawning and in 2016 before spawning. The influence of feeding rainbow trout breeding stock, along with extruded feed vitamin supplements – Ganaminovit on the survival rate of fertilized eggs and pre-larvae for the mass of 0.3 g. It is established that in conditions of closed water system in the pre-spawning and after-spawning periods of the breeding stock of rainbow trout requires additional vitamin supplements, other than those included in the modern extruded food. The introduction supplements for two months, before incubation, promotes more rapid recovery of the body in after-spawning period and enhances immunity and high survival rates of eggs and of pre-larvae for the mass of 0.3 g. Mortality of eggs in the control group of breeding stock at the stage of the eye was 61.7%, and the increase of weight of the larvae during transition to active feeding in 2015–0,041 g. In 2016, these figures were higher and amounted to respectively 79.4% of and 0.052 g.

scholarly journals SURVIVAL AND NATURAL REGENERATION OF FOREST ESSENCES CULTIVATED IN ALTERED AREAS THIRTY-FIVE YEARS AFTER PLANTING

FLORESTA ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Harley Araújo da Silva ◽  
Thiago Augusto Da Cunha ◽  
Veronica Telma Da Rocha Passos
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
The State ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Survival Status

The evaluation of the survival and natural regeneration of tree species in a 35-year-old plantation was carried out to identify the species established in the area, aiming at their recommendation in forest restoration plantations in the State of Acre. In the 1980s, 138 forest species were planted in two experimental units (EU), of 1.38 ha each, in the Zoobotanical Park (ZP) of the Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco campus. The main activities carried out in the area, prior to planting, were agriculture and cattle raising.  Survival status was measured through a census of all individuals planted at the time, who were still alive. In addition, all regenerating individuals from planted species were surveyed in the effective planting area of the experimental units. At the time of evaluation, living individuals of 41 and 46 species were found in experimental units 1 (EU-1) and 2 (EU-2), respectively. The species Syagrus sancona, Talisia esculenta, Acacia polyphylla, Couepia bracteosa, Mangifera indica, Syzygium cumini and Copaifera multijuga showed survival rates above 90% in at least one of the experimental units. Only Syagrus sancona and Handroanthus serratifolius presented high survival rates in both experimental. Regenerating individuals of the species Aspidosperma vargasii, Couepia bracteosa, Euterpe precatoria, Handroanthus serratifolius, Oenocarpus mapora, Onychopetalum periquino and Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum were found in the two EU.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document