scholarly journals A canonical analysis of the massless superparticle

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. 604-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.G.C. McKeon
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Transformation ◽  
Canonical Analysis ◽  
Dirac Bracket ◽  
Canonical Structure ◽  
Manifest Covariance

The canonical structure of the action for a massless superparticle is considered in d = 2 + 1 and d = 3 + 1 dimensions. This is done by examining the contribution to the action of each of the components of the spinor θ present; no attempt is made to maintain manifest covariance. Upon using the Dirac bracket to eliminate the second class constraints arising from the canonical momenta associated with half of these components, we find that the remaining components have canonical momenta that are all first-class constraints. From these first class constraints, it is possible to derive the generator of half of the local Fermionic κ-symmetry of Siegel; which half is contingent upon the choice of which half of the momenta associated with the components of θ are taken to be second class constraints. The algebra of the generator of this Fermionic symmetry transformation is examined.

scholarly journals The canonical structure of the superstring action

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.A. Chishtie ◽  
D.G.C. McKeon
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Symmetry ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Target Space ◽  
Projection Operators ◽  
Dirac Bracket ◽  
Canonical Structure ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Dimensions Of Space

We consider the canonical structure of the Green–Schwarz superstring in 9 + 1 dimensions using the Dirac constraint formalism; it is shown that its structure is similar to that of the superparticle in 2 + 1 and 3 + 1 dimensions. A key feature of this structure is that the primary fermionic constraints can be divided into two groups using field-independent projection operators; if one of these groups is eliminated through use of a Dirac bracket then the second group of primary fermionic constraints becomes first class. (This is what also happens with the superparticle action.) These primary fermionic first-class constraints can be used to find the generator of a local fermionic gauge symmetry of the action. We also consider the superstring action in other dimensions of space–time to see if the fermionic gauge symmetry can be made simpler than it is in 2 + 1, 3 + 1, and 9 + 1 dimensions. With a 3 + 3 dimensional target space, we find that such a simplification occurs. We finally show how in five dimensions there is no first-class fermionic constraint.

Pointwise pseudo-slant submanifolds of a Kenmotsu manifold

Filomat ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (18) ◽  
pp. 5833-5853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viqar Khan ◽  
Mohammad Shuaib
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Warped Product ◽  
Shape Operator ◽  
Warped Products ◽  
Canonical Structure ◽  
Slant Submanifold ◽  
Kenmotsu Manifold ◽  
Slant Submanifolds ◽  
Kenmotsu Manifolds

In the present article, we have investigated pointwise pseudo-slant submanifolds of Kenmotsu manifolds and have sought conditions under which these submanifolds are warped products. To this end first, it is shown that these submanifolds can not be expressed as non-trivial doubly warped product submanifolds. However, as there exist non-trivial (single) warped product submanifolds of a Kenmotsu manifold, we have worked out characterizations in terms of a canonical structure T and the shape operator under which a pointwise pseudo slant submanifold of a Kenmotsu manifold reduces to a warped product submanifold.

Global symmetries and Noether’s theorem

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kachelriess
Keyword(s):  
Global Symmetries ◽  
Symmetry Transformation ◽  
Vacuum Expectation ◽  
Vacuum Expectation Value ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Expectation Value ◽  
Minkowski Space Time ◽  
Integral Measure ◽  
Colour Charge ◽  
Internal Symmetries

Noethers theorem shows that continuous global symmetries lead classically to conservation laws. Such symmetries can be divided into spacetime and internal symmetries. The invariance of Minkowski space-time under global Poincaré transformations leads to the conservation of the four-momentum and the total angular momentum. Examples for conserved charges due to internal symmetries are electric and colour charge. The vacuum expectation value of a Noether current is shown to beconserved in a quantum field theory if the symmetry transformation keeps the path-integral measure invariant.

scholarly journals Five-brane current algebras in type II string theories

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Machiko Hatsuda ◽  
Shin Sasaki ◽  
Masaya Yata
Keyword(s):  
Poisson Bracket ◽  
Gauge Field ◽  
The Self ◽  
Dirac Bracket ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Gauge Transformations ◽  
Transition Rules ◽  
Superstring Theories ◽  
Kaluza Klein ◽  
Current Algebras

Abstract We study the current algebras of the NS5-branes, the Kaluza-Klein (KK) five-branes and the exotic $$ {5}_2^2 $$ 5 2 2 -branes in type IIA/IIB superstring theories. Their worldvolume theories are governed by the six-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = (2, 0) tensor and the $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = (1, 1) vector multiplets. We show that the current algebras are determined through the S- and T-dualities. The algebras of the $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = (2, 0) theories are characterized by the Dirac bracket caused by the self-dual gauge field in the five-brane worldvolumes, while those of the $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = (1, 1) theories are given by the Poisson bracket. By the use of these algebras, we examine extended spaces in terms of tensor coordinates which are the representation of ten-dimensional supersymmetry. We also examine the transition rules of the currents in the type IIA/IIB supersymmetry algebras in ten dimensions. Based on the algebras, we write down the section conditions in the extended spaces and gauge transformations of the supergravity fields.

scholarly journals Quantum corrections to generic branes: DBI, NLSM, and more

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrett Goon ◽  
Scott Melville ◽  
Johannes Noller
Keyword(s):  
Sigma Models ◽  
Quantum Corrections ◽  
Higher Dimensional ◽  
Symmetry Properties ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Quantum Action ◽  
Manifest Covariance ◽  
Linear Sigma Models ◽  
Scalar Sector ◽  
Explicit Comparison

Abstract We study quantum corrections to hypersurfaces of dimension d + 1 > 2 embedded in generic higher-dimensional spacetimes. Manifest covariance is maintained throughout the analysis and our methods are valid for arbitrary co-dimension and arbitrary bulk metric. A variety of theories which are prominent in the modern amplitude literature arise as special limits: the scalar sector of Dirac-Born-Infeld theories and their multi-field variants, as well as generic non-linear sigma models and extensions thereof. Our explicit one-loop results unite the leading corrections of all such models under a single umbrella. In contrast to naive computations which generate effective actions that appear to violate the non-linear symmetries of their classical counterparts, our efficient methods maintain manifest covariance at all stages and make the symmetry properties of the quantum action clear. We provide an explicit comparison between our compact construction and other approaches and demonstrate the ultimate physical equivalence between the superficially different results.

Functional Canonical Analysis Between Functional and Interval Data

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yow-Jen Jou ◽  
Chien-Chia Huang ◽  
Jennifer Yuh-Jen Wu ◽  
George Maroulis ◽  
Theodore E. Simos
Keyword(s):  
Interval Data ◽  
Canonical Analysis

A quantization of the electromagnetic field

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 1172-1183
Author(s):  
Anton Z. Capri ◽  
Gebhard Grübl ◽  
Randy Kobes
Keyword(s):  
Hilbert Space ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Gauge Invariance ◽  
Free Field ◽  
External Source ◽  
Field Level ◽  
Manifest Covariance ◽  
The One ◽  
Physical Spaces

Quantization of the electromagnetic field in a class of covariant gauges is performed on a positive metric Hilbert space. Although losing manifest covariance, we find at the free field level the existence of two physical spaces where Poincaré transformations are implemented unitarily. This gives rise to two different physical interpretations of the theory. Unitarity of the S operator for an interaction with an external source then forces one to postulate that a restricted gauge invariance must hold. This singles out one interpretation, the one where two transverse photons are physical.

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